Embalming 1-Embalming Chapter 7 PDF

EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 1. If HCHO is splashed into the flush with COOL running water eye: 2. HCHO reacts negatively this Bleach (Sodium Hypochlorite) strong oxidizer. 3. If chemicals are splashed or flush with COOL r...

EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 1. If HCHO is splashed into the flush with COOL running water eye: 2. HCHO reacts negatively this Bleach (Sodium Hypochlorite) strong oxidizer. 3. If chemicals are splashed or flush with COOL running water spilled onto the skin: 4. HCHO can be neutralized by Ammonia adding: 5. Bottles that are to be de- Flushed with water stroyed should first be: 6. In order to reduce fumes Machine tanks and fluid bottles covered and keep always capped 7. (T/F) Always pour chemi- TRUE cals into a filled embalm- ing tank instead of filling the tank with water after the chemical has been poured into the tank: 8. (T/F) Cavity fluid is diluted. FALSE 9. Fluids that are considered 26-38 and above strong have an index of: 10. Fluids that are considered 16-25 medium strength have an index of: 11. Fluids that are considered 5-15 to have a low strength have an index of: 12. Non-Cosmetic 1 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 Those fluids that contain lit- tle or no active dye and do not color the tissues are: 13. Those fluids that contain an Cosmetic active dye that colors the tissue: 14. Those fluids that are Fast-Firming buffered to firm the body tis- sues rapidly: 15. Those fluids that are Slow-Firming buffered to firm the body tis- sues slowly: 16. Those fluids that are Soft buffered and contain chem- icals to control the preser- vative reaction to produce very little firming of the tis- sues describes the degree of firmness as: 17. Those fluids that are Mild buffered and contain chem- icals to control the preserv- ative reaction to produce a medium firming of the tis- sues describe the degree of firmness as: 18. Those fluids that are Hard buffered and contain chem- icals to control the preserv- ative reaction to produce a very definite and hard firm- ing of the tissues describe the degree of firmness as: 2 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 19. The moisturizing qualities Humectants of those fluids that contain large amount of chemicals that act to add and retain tis- sue moisture: 20. The moisturizing qualities Non-Humectants of those fluids that do not contain chemicals that add or retain moisture are known as: 21. A group of chemicals with High-Index Fluids indices (index) used in the preparation of extreme cas- es, such as bodies with ede- ma, those dead from renal failure, & bodies dead for a long time are called: 22. Fluids compounded to Dehydrating Fluids bring about dehydration of the body tissues: 23. Fluids compounded to Nondehydrating Fluids contain large amounts of preservatives but con- trolled so as not to dehy- drate tissues: 24. Fluids designed to arrest Tissue Gas Fluids and control the results of Clostridium perfringens are: 25. The dilution of the arterial Primary Dilution fluid prepared by the em- balmer: 26. Body Conditions 3 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 Should determine the start- ing fluid dilution: 27. (T/F) An embalmer can nev- FALSE er make changes to the di- lution of the solution once she/he has started the em- balming process: 28. In the preparation of the "av- Milder erage body" _________ so- lutions are used to begin Cleaning of intravascular blood discolorations the embalming because this will assist in the _________ 29. ______ is the amount of Index formaldehyde measured in grams, dissolved in 100 mil- liliters of solution. 30. 2% dilution of 25 index B. 10 oz arterial fluid 118 oz. H20 A. 8 oz arterial fluid 120 oz H20 B. 10 oz arterial fluid 118 oz. H20 C. 16 oz arterial fluid 112 oz. H20 D. 20 oz arterial fluid 108 oz. H20 31. 2% dilution of 20 index B. 13 oz arterial fluid 115 oz. H20 A. 10 oz arterial fluid 118 oz. H20 B. 13 oz arterial fluid 115 oz. H20 C. 17 oz arterial fluid 111 oz. H20 D. 21 oz arterial fluid 107 oz. H20 4 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 32. 3% dilution of 20 index B. 19 oz arterial fluid 109 oz of H20 A. 16 oz arterial fluid 90 oz of H20 B. 19 oz arterial fluid 109 oz of H20 C. 8 oz arterial fluid 128 oz of H20 D. 24 oz arterial fluid 104 oz of H20 33. 3% dilution of 25 index D. 15 oz. arterial fluid 113 oz of H20 A. 6 oz. arterial fluid 122 oz of H20 B. 8 oz. arterial fluid 120 oz of H20 C. 13 oz. arterial fluid 115 oz of H20 D. 15 oz. arterial fluid 113 oz of H20 34. Determine the strength of A. 1.4% the solution when 10 oz of a 20-index fluid is added to a full gallon of H20 A. 1.4% B. 2.8% C. 3.6% D. 4.2% 35. Medications may affect the 1.) Effect of drugs on preservative solution embalming process by al- 2.) Damage drugs have done to body proteins tering four different areas. 3.) Damage to organs such as liver and kid- These are: (4) neys causes ammonia and urea buildup 4.) Damage to cell membrane causing difficul- ty in fluids ability to pass through cell mem- branes 36. Points to consider in de- 1.) weight termining the strength and 2.) protein levels 3.) nature of death 5 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 amount of fluid to inject: 4.) moisture content (11) 5.) adipose to muscle ratio 6.) chemotherapy and medications 8.) liver failure (toxic waste buildup) 10.) renal failure (nitrogenous waste buildup) 7.) time between death and preparation 9.) time between preparation and disposition 11.) postmortem physical and chemical changes 37. (T/F) Embalmers should be- TRUE gin with a mild solution and then increase once distribu- tion is established. 38. (T/F) Water is a good preser- FALSE vative: 39. Waterless Embalming is 1.) diseases recommended for: (6) 2.) tissue gas 3.) facial trauma 4.) decomposition 5.) poor circulation 6.) pre-refrigerated 40. (T/F) The pH of the arteri- FALSE al solution is determined by the embalmer. 41. The pH of most arterial flu- Slightly Alkaline 7.2-7.4 ids are: 42. When the fluids are buffered 1.) dyes work well to be slightly alkaline: (3) 2.) reaction is stable 3.) less HCHO grey 43. When in doubt about the Cool or Room Temperature temperature of water when diluting arterial fluids, the best choice is: 6 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 44. (T/F) Warm water to dilute TRUE the arterial fluid is recom- mended only in special cas- es, such as treatment of tis- sue gas or decomposition: 45. When salt is added to a More Concentrated solution, that solution be- comes: 46. In a solution, the salt is the Solute ____________, and the wa- ter is the ____________ Solvent 47. The strength of the solu- Solute tion actually indicates how much ____________ is pre- sent. 48. The amount of solute has Density a direct effect on the ____________of the solu- tion. 49. Mass per unit volume that Density is expressed as grams per cubic centimeter is: 50. The ratio which compares Specific Gravity the density of a given sub- stance to the density of wa- ter is: 51. If an arterial solution con- Hypotonic tains less of a dissolved substance than is found in blood, it is: 52. Hypertonic 7 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 If an arterial solution con- tains a greater quantity of a dissolved substance than is found in the blood, it is said to be: 53. The arterial solution that Slightly Hypotonic produces the best embalm- ing results is: 54. If less of the concentrat- More Hypotonic ed fluid is used, then the resultant solution may be ______________ than de- sired for proper embalm- ing results. The tissues tend to become "waterlogged," which eventually results in skin slip 55. If too much concen- Hypertonic trated fluid is used, a ________________solu- tion results, and it will have the effect of removing too much moisture. 56. If a solution is too hyperton- Excessive Dehydration ic it will cause: 57. An embalming solution that Less Dense (Hypotonic) is _____________ than the tissue liquids will flow rapidly through the capillary walls into the soft tissue ar- eas. 58. Arterial solutions that are More Dense (Hypertonic) designed to draw tissue liq- uid through the capillary 8 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 wall into the circulatory sys- tem and away from the soft tissue areas are: 59. For the average or "normal" Hypotonic body in which there is no edema or dehydration, the arterial solution should be ____________ in its osmotic composition. 60. A hypertonic solution is Skeletal Edema (edema of the limbs) beneficial in reducing: 61. Arterial fluids with an index "Difficult-To-Embalm" of 28 - 38 would be used to embalm bodies that are: 62. High index fluids are ad- 1.) obese vised for bodies that: (10) 2.) edema 3.) decomposition 4.) drug treatments 5.) traumatic injuries 6.) difficult in firming 7.) renal failure deaths 8.) bloodstream infections 9.) dead for 24 hrs. or more 10.) have been institutionalized 63. There are 2 types of high-in- 1.) dehydrating dex fluids: (2) 2.) non-dehydrating 64. Those fluids compounded Jaundice Fluids to remove or hide the dis- coloration of mild jaundice (usually low HCHO con- tent): 65. 9 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 Chemicals used as internal 1.) Phenols bleach and stain removers 2.) Peroxides are: (3) 3.) Citric Acid 66. Designed to prepare the Preinjection Fluids circulatory system for in- jection of the preservative; also known as capillary wash. 67. ___________ are added to Coinjection Fluids preservative vascular solu- tions to enhance the arterial fluid chemicals. 68. (T/F) Co-injection fluids may TRUE be used in waterless em- balming instead of water: 69. (T/F) Co-injection fluid TRUE should never exceed the amount of concentrated ar- terial fluid: 70. A good rule to follow when Equal amounts Co-Injection & Arterial Fluid using co-injection fluids is: 71. Overuse can cause un- Uneven distribution and blotchy coloring even diffusion of fluid dyes, which results in: 72. Active Dyes serve these 1.) Restore color functions: (4) 2.) Minimize jaundice 3.) Minimize HCHO grey 4.) Indicate good distribution 73. (T/F) Humectants can draw TRUE moisture out of the tissues causing dehydration if con- tinuous drainage is used: 10 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 74. Edema corrective fluids: D. All of these A. Enhance the dehydrating effect of the arterial fluid B. Are hypertonic in nature C. May cause dark discol- oration & wrinkling D. All of these 75. For the average 32oz (two bottles) to 48oz (three bottles) body,___________________________ is injected via the trocar. 76. Cavity Fluid is injected into Thoracic the Abdominal _________________________________ Pelvic cavities. 77. (T/F) Cavity fluid can be TRUE used to bleach discol- orations 78. (T/F) Fumeless cavity & ar- TRUE terial fluids may be danger- ous to the embalmer when perfuming agents are added to cover the strong odor: 79. Those used to treat the Accessory Embalming Chemicals body for purposes other than arterial embalming or cavity treatment: 80. Several ways to use autop- 1.) poured over viscera sy (surface) gels. (10) 2.) painted over viscera 3.) surface preservative 4.) bleach discolorations 5.) walls and roofs of cavities 6.) orbital area post enucleation 7.) disinfectant and odor remover 11 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 8.) pack anal orifice and colostomy opening 9.) applied to surface areas with poor distrib- ution 10.) preserve / cauterize / deodorize burned tissue 81. Cautery chemicals are basi- Phenol (carbolic acid) cally: 82. __________ is injected into Tissue Builder (filler) sunken areas of the face & hands to help restore their natural contour when the body exhibits a great loss of weight: 83. (T/F) It is almost impossi- TRUE ble to remove tissue builder once it is injected: 84. There are three solvents 1.) General Solvent--->cleans skin that the embalmer uses in 2.) Acetone--->nail polish remover various embalming treat- 3.) Tissue Builder Solvent--->cleans hypoder- ments. They are: mic syringes & needles 85. (T/F) The primary use of TRUE hardening compound is in treatment of the cavities of the autopsied body and can also be used to treat the vis- cera returned after an au- topsy: 86. _________ is a heavy ab- Bentonite sorbent clay found in dust- less hardening compounds. 87. Added to embalming pow- Pare-Dichlorobenzene Crystals ders to help arrest mildew and mold 12 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 88. (T/F) Embalming preserva- TRUE tive powder can help to con- trol mildews, molds, mag- gots, & vermin: 89. The chief ingredient in Paraformaldehyde preservative powder is: 90. (T/F) Preservative powders TRUE do not have the absorbent & drying qualities of a harden- ing compound: 91. (T/F) Refrigeration can com- FALSE pletely stop mold growth: 92. (T/F) Sealing agents are TRUE used to prevent leakage from sutured incisions, in some restorative proce- dures, and as surface glues: 93. Hypotonic vs Hypertonic vs Hypotonic: less solutes than solvent (cells to Isotonic swell and burst) Hypertonic: more solutes than solvent (cells will shrivel and shrink) Isotonic: equal solutes to solvent (cells stay stable) 94. Solute vs Solvent vs Solu- Solute: what is being dissolved tion Solvent: what holds the dissolved stuff Solution: liquid containing dissolved stuff 95. Primary Dilution vs Sec- Primary Dilution--->When embalming solu- ondary Dilution tion is mixed 13 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 Secondary Dilution--->Weakening of em- balming solution in the body 96. Bilirubin vs Biliverdin Bilirubin--->YELLOW discoloration associat- ed with Jaundice Biliverdin--->GREEN discoloration associat- ed with Jaundice (caused by oxidation) 97. Chemical which lightens a Bleaching Agent skin discoloration 98. Loss of moisture from body Dehydration tissue which may occur through: antemortem - febrile dis- ease, diarrhea, or emesis postmortem - injection of embalming solution or air absorption 99. Abnormal accumulation of Edema fluids in tissue or body cav- ities 100. Chemical in powder form Hardening Compounds that has the ability to absorb and to disinfect. Often used in cavity treatment of autop- sied cases. 101. Conditions characterized Jaundice (Icterus) by excessive concentra- tions of bilirubin in the skin and tissues and deposition of excessive bile pigment in the skin, cornea, body fluids, and mucous mem- branes with the resulting 14 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 yellow appearance of the patient 102. Agents which will prohibit Mold Preventative the growth of mold 103. Metabolic by-products that Nitrogenous Waste contain nitrogen, such as urea and uric acid. These compounds have a high affinity for formaldehyde and tend to neutralize em- balming chemicals 104. Passage of solvent from a Osmosis solution of lesser to one of greater solute concentra- tion when the two solutions are separated by a semiper- meable membrane. 105. Amount of preservative Preservative Demand (HCHO Demand) (formaldehyde) required to effectively preserve re- mains depends on the con- dition of the tissues as de- termined in the embalming analysis 106. Chemical in powder form; Preservative Powder typically used for surface embalming of the remains 107. Material used to provide a Sealing Agents barrier or seal against any type of leakage of fluid or blood. 108. Postmortem accumulation Tissue Gas of gas in tissues or cavities 15 / 16  EMBALMING 1-EMBALMING CHAPTER 7 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g5a2a2 brought about by an anaero- bic gas forming bacillus, ex. Clostridium perfringens. 109. Are Hardening Compounds No as an effective preservative and disinfectant as Autopsy Gels? 16 / 16