Suppository Dosage Form III PDF

Dosage form III 6 (1)Suppository College of Pharmacy, Delta University Department of Pharmaceutics Pharmaceutics III ( Lesson 1)  Suppository  Dosage form:  Solid dosage form.  Route of administration:  Rectum(rectal suppository),  Vagina(vaginal suppository=...

Dosage form III 6 (1)Suppository College of Pharmacy, Delta University Department of Pharmaceutics Pharmaceutics III ( Lesson 1)  Suppository  Dosage form:  Solid dosage form.  Route of administration:  Rectum(rectal suppository),  Vagina(vaginal suppository= Pessary),or  Urethra(urethral suppository).  Composition:  Medicated (base + medication),  Plain (base without medication e.g. laxative glycerin suppository).  Types of base According to the composition: Oily/oleaginous/fatty bases: e.g. Cocoa butter. Hydrophilic bases: e.g. Glycerinated gelatin The release of medication :  Oily bases melt at body temperature  Hydrophilic bases dissolve in mucous secretions. Effect: B. Systemic via A. Local at site of absorption to systemic application e.g. circulation e.g. Laxative glycerin Anti-inflammatory & suppository. antipyretic Contraceptive suppository. vaginal suppository, Antibacterial urethral suppository. Lubrication  Lubrication is required to facilitate the ejection of suppositories from the mold.  The lubricant must be opposite in nature to the suppository base.  Examples: 1-For oily bases use hydrophilic lubricant (e.g. Soap solution). 2-For hydrophilic bases use oily lubricant (e.g. Liquid paraffin). 3-Dusting powders may be used (e.g. starch). Compounding problems of coca butter suppository Increasing in melting point of coca butter supp. Decreasing in melting point of coca butter supp.  Lowered melting point  Problem: Some drugs such as : volatile oils, camphor, chloral hydrate, phenol and salol (phenyl salicylate) when added to coca butter suppository decrease its melting point leading to soft or liquify suppository at room temperature.  Solution: The solution here is to add stiffening agent E.g., spermaceti (20%) and beeswax (4% of the base).  Practical work chloral hydrate suppository Uses: Rx Hypnotic Chloral hydrate 2 gr Beeswax q.s. Theobroma oil q.s. Fiat: supp. Mitte: III Sig.: insert one supp. in the rectum at bedtime D.V. of chloral hydrate = 1 D.V. of beeswax = 1  Calculation Calculated no. of supp. = required no. + 2 excess = 3 + 2= 5 supp. Calculated amount of drug( chloral hydrate) = required amount of drug x Calculated no. of supp. = (2*0.065) x 5= 0.65 gm Calculate the amount of the base = (no. of supp. x nominal capacity of the mold for this base) – (drug amount / D.V.) = (5 x 2) – (0.65 / 1) = 9.35 gm Calculated amount of beeswax = 4% of the base =(4 / 100) x 9.35 = 0.374 gm Calculated amount of theobroma oil = amount of base – (beeswax amount/D.V) 9.35 – 0.374 = 8.976 gm  Procedure Melt cocoa butter & beeswax in a porcelain dish on a water bath. 1 Add chloral hydrate to the molten mixture and stir with a glass rod. 2 Lubricate the mould. 3 Pour the mixture in the mould allowing overflow. 4 Leave the mould to cool. 5 remove the overflow material. 6 Open the mould and eject the suppositories. 7  Increasing melting point  Problem: Some drugs e.g., silver nitrate and lead acetate when added to coca butter suppository increase its melting point, and hence the suppository doesn’t melt at body temperature. Solution: The solution here is to add vegetable oil (equal to the amount of the drug). E.g., peanut oil and castor oil.  Practical work Lead acetate suppository Uses: Rx antiseptic Lead acetate 0.1 gm Theobroma oil q.s. Fiat: supp. Mitte: III Sig.: insert one supp. in the rectum at night D.V. of lead acetate = 1 D.V. of castor oil = 1  Calculation Calculated no. of supp. = required no. + 2 excess = 3 + 2= 5 supp. Calculated amount of drug( lead acetate) = required amount of drug x Calculated no. of supp. = 0.1 x 5= 0.5 gm Calculated amount of castor oil = equal to the drug amount = 0.5 gm Calculated amount of theobroma oil = no. of supp. x nominal capacity of the mold for this base) – [(drug amount / D.V.)+(oil amount/D.V)] (5*2)-[(0.5/1)+(0.5/1)]= 9 gm  Procedure Melt cocoa butter in a porcelain dish on a water bath, then add castor oil to the molten 1 base. Add lead acetate to the mixture and stir with a glass rod. 2 Lubricate the mould. 3 Pour the mixture in the mould allowing overflow. 4 Leave the mould to cool. 5 remove the overflow material. 6 Open the mould and eject the suppositories. 7