Mathematics Textbook for Class 6, Part 1 (PDF)

C ER T, TE LA N G AN A C ER T, TE LA N G AN A  Mathematics...

C ER T, TE LA N G AN A C ER T, TE LA N G AN A  Mathematics Class VI (Part-1) TEXTBOOK DEVELOPMENT & PUBLISHING COMMITTEE Chief Production Officer : Smt.B. Seshu Kumari Director, SCERT, Hyderabad. A AN Executive Chief Organiser : Sri. B. Sudhakar, Director, Govt. Text Book Press, Hyderabad. Organising Incharge : Dr. Nannuru Upender Reddy G Prof. Curriculum & Text Book Department, N SCERT, Hyderabad. LA Asst. Organising Incharge : Sri. K. Yadagiri Lecturer, SCERT, Hyderabad. TE QR CODE TEAM T, ER SC Published by: The Government of Telangana, Hyderabad Respect the Law Grow by Education Get the Rights Behave Humbly [i] Free distribution by T.S. Government 2022-23  © Government of Telangana, Hyderabad. First Published 2012 New Impressions 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 A AN All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in G any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing of the publisher, nor be N otherwise circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published LA and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. TE The copy right holder of this book is the Director of School Education, Hyderabad, Telangana. T, This Book has been printed on 70 G.S.M. Maplitho ER Title Page 200 G.S.M. White Art Card SC Free distribution by T.S. Government 2022-23 Printed in India at the Telangana Govt. Text Book Press, Mint Compound, Hyderabad, Telangana. –– o –– Free distribution by T.S. Government 2022-23 [ ii ]  Textbook Development Committee Members Writers Sri. Dr. P. Ramesh, Lecturer, Govt. IASE, Nellore Sri. M. Ramanjaneyulu, Lecturer, DIET, Vikarabad, Ranga Reddy Sri. T.V. Rama Kumar, HM, ZPHS, Mulumudi, Nellore Sri. P. Ashok, HM, ZPHS, Kumari, Adilabad Sri. P. Anthoni Reddy, HM, St. Peter’s High School, R.N.Peta, Nellore Sri. S. Prasada Babu. , PGT, APTWR School, Chandrashekarapuram, Nellore A Sri. Kakulavaram Rajender Reddy, SA, UPS Thimmapur, Chandampet, Nalgonda Sri. G.V.B.Suryanarayana Raju, SA, Municipal High School, Kaspa, Vizianagaram AN Sri. S. Narasimha Murthy, SA, ZPHS, Mudivarthipalem, Nellore Sri. P. Suresh Kumar, SA, GHS, Vijayanagar Colony, Hyderabad Sri. K.V. Sunder Reddy, SA, ZPHS, Thakkasila, Alampur Mdl., Mababoobnagar Sri. G. Venkateshwarlu, SA, ZPHS, Vemulakota, Prakasham G Sri. Ch. Ramesh, SA, UPS, Nagaram (M), Guntur. Sri. P.D.L. Ganapathi Sharma, SA, GHS, Jamisthanpur, Manikeshwar Nagar, Hyderabad N Co-ordinators Sri. K.K.V. Rayalu, Lecturer, Govt., IASE, Masabtank, Hyderabad. LA Sri. Kakulavaram Rajender Reddy, SA, UPS Thimmapur, Chandampet, Nalgonda Editors Smt.B. Seshu Kumari, Director, SCERT, Hyderabad. TE Sri. K. Bramhaiah, Professor, SCERT, Hyderabad Sri. P. Adinarayana, Retd., Lecturer, New Science College, Ameerpet, Hyderabad Chairperson for Position Paper and Mathematics Curriculum and Textbook Development Professor V. Kannan, Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Hyderabad T, Chief Advisor Dr. H. K. Dewan , Education Advisor, Vidya Bhavan Society, Udaipur, Rajasthan. ER Academic Support Group Members Smt. Namrita Batra, Vidyabhavan Society Resource Centre, Udaipur, Rajasthan Sri. Inder Mohan, Vidyabhavan Society Resource Centre, Udaipur, Rajasthan Sri. Yashwanth Kumar Dave, Vidyabhavan Society Resource Centre, Udaipur, Rajasthan SC Smt. Padma Priya Sherali, Community Mathematics Centre, Rishi Vally School, Chittoor Kumari. M. Archana, Dept. of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Hyderabad Sri. Sharan Gopal, Dept. of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Hyderabad Sri. P. Chiranjevi, Dept. of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Hyderabad Illustration & Design Team Sri. Prashanth Soni, Artist, Vidyabhavan Society Resource Centre, Udaipur, Rajasthan Sri. S.M. Ikram, Operator, Vidyabhavan Society Resource Centre, Udaipur, Rajasthan Sri. R. Madhusudhana Rao, Computer Operator, SCERT, A.P., Hyderabad. COVER PAGE DESIGNING Sri. K. Sudhakara Chary, HM, UPS Neelikurthy, Mdl.Maripeda, Dist. Warangal [ iii ] Free distribution by T.S. Government 2022-23  FOREWORD State Curriculum Frame Work (SCF-2011) recommends that childrens’ life at schools must be linked to their life outside the school. The Right To Education Act (RTE-2009) perceives that every child who enters the school should acquire the necessary skills prescribed at each level upto the age of 14 years. Academic standards were developed in each subject area accordingly to maintain the quality in education. The syllabi and text books developed on the basis of National Curriculum Frame work 2005 and SCF-2011 signify an attempt to implement this basic idea. Children after completion of Primary Education enter into the Upper Primary stage. This stage is a A crucial link for the children to continue their secondary education. We recognise that, given space, time and freedom, children generate new knowledge by exploring the information passed on to them by the adults. AN Inculcating creativity and initiating enquiry is possible if we perceive and treat children as participants in learning and not as passive receivers. The children at this stage possess characteristics like curiosity, interest, questioning, reasoning, insisting proof, accepting the challenges etc., Therefore the need for conceptualizing mathematics teaching that allows children to explore concepts as well as develop their own ways of solving G problems in a joyful way. We have begun the process of developing a programme which helps children understand the abstract N nature of mathematics while developing in them the ability to construct own concepts. The concepts from the major areas of Mathematics like Number System, Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Mensuration and Statistics LA are provided at the upper primary stage. Teaching of the topics related to these areas will develop the skills prescribed in academic standards such as problem solving, logical thinking, expressing the facts in mathematical language, representing data in various forms, using mathematics in daily life situations. The textbooks attempt to enhance this endeavor by giving higher priority and space to opportunities for TE contemplation and wondering, discussion in small groups and activities required for hands on experience in the form of ‘Do This’ , ‘Try This’ and ‘Projects’. Teachers support is needed in setting of the situations in the classroom. We also tried to include a variety of examples and opportunities for children to set problems. The book attempts to engage the mind of a child actively and provides opportunities to use concepts and develop their own structures rather than struggling with unnecessarily complicated terms and numbers. The chapters T, are arranged in such a way that they help the Teachers to evaluate every area of learning to comperehend the learning progress of children and in accordance with Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE). ER With an intention to help the students to improve their understanding skills in both the languages i.e. English and Telugu, the Government of Telangana has redesigned this book as bilingual textbook in two parts. Part-1 comprises 1 to 7 lessons and Part-2 comprises 8 to 14 lessons. I wish to thank the national experts, university teachers, research scholars, NGOs, academicians, SC writers, graphic designers and printers who are instrumental to bring out this textbook in present form. I hope the teachers will make earnest effort to implement the syllabus in its true spirit and to achieve academic standards at the stage. The process of developing materials is a continuous one and we hope to make this book better. As an organization committed to systematic reform and continuous improvement in quality of its products, SCERT, welcomes comments and suggestions which will enable us to undertake further revision and refinement. B. Seshu kumari Place: Hyderabad DIRECTOR Date: 28 January 2012 SCERT, Hyderabad Free distribution by T.S. Government 2022-23 [ iv ]  eTT+