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NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Republic Act No. 6541 or Presidential Decree No. 1096 CHAPTER 1 – GENERAL PROVISIONS Title Declaration of Policy Scope and Application General Building Requirements Site Requirements Definitions CHAPTER 2 - ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT...

NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Republic Act No. 6541 or Presidential Decree No. 1096 CHAPTER 1 – GENERAL PROVISIONS Title Declaration of Policy Scope and Application General Building Requirements Site Requirements Definitions CHAPTER 2 - ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT SECTION 201. Responsibility for Administration and Enforcement The administration and enforcement of the provisions of this Code including the imposition of penalties for administrative violations thereof is hereby vested in the Secretary of Public Works, Transportation and Communications, hereinafter referred to as the “Secretary”. SECTION 203. General Powers and Functions of the Secretary under this Code For purposes of carrying out the provisions of this Code, the Secretary shall exercise the following general powers and functions: (1) Formulate policies, plans, standards and guidelines on building design, construction, use, occupancy and maintenance, in accordance with this Code. (2) Issue and promulgate rules and regulations to implement the provisions of this Code and ensure compliance with policies, plans, standards and guidelines formulated under paragraph 1 of this Section. (3) Evaluate, review, approve and/or take final action on changes and/or amendments to existing Referral Codes as well as on the incorporation of other referral codes which are not yet expressly made part of this Code. (4) Prescribe and fix the amount of fees and other charges that the Building Official shall collect in connection with the performance of regulatory functions. SECTION 205. Building Officials Except as otherwise provided herein, the Building Official shall be responsible for carrying out the provisions of this Code in the field as well as the enforcement of orders and decisions made pursuant thereto. Due to the exigencies of the service, the Secretary may designate incumbent Public Works District Engineers, City Engineers and Municipal Engineers to act as Building Officials in their respective areas of jurisdiction. SECTION 206. Qualifications of Building Officials No person shall be appointed as a Building Official unless he possesses the following qualifications: 1. A Filipino citizen and of good moral character. 2. A duly registered architect or civil engineer. 3. A member of good standing of a duly accredited organization of his profession for not less than two years. 4. Has at least five years of diversified and professional experience in building design and construction. SECTION 207. Duties of a Building Official In the performance of his duties, a Building Official may enter any building or its premises at all reasonable times to inspect and determine compliance with the requirements of this Code, and the terms and conditions provided for in the building permit as issued. When any building work is found to be contrary to the provisions of this Code, the Building Official may order the work stopped and prescribe the terms and/or conditions when the work will be allowed to resume. Likewise, the Building Official is authorized to order the discontinuance of the occupancy or use of any building or structure or portion thereof found to be occupied or used contrary to the provisions of this Code. SECTION 209. Exemption Public buildings and traditional indigenous family dwellings shall be exempt from payment of building permit fees. As used in this Code, the term “traditional indigenous family dwelling” means a dwelling intended for the use and occupancy by the family of the owner only and constructed of native materials such as bamboo, nipa, logs, or lumber, the total cost of which does not exceed fifteen thousand pesos. CHAPTER 3 - PERMITS AND INSPECTION SECTION 301. Building Permits No person, firm or corporation, including any agency or instrumentality of the government shall erect, construct, alter, repair, move, convert or demolish any building or structure or cause the same to be done without first obtaining a building permit therefor from the Building Official assigned in the place where the subject building is located or the building work is to be done. SECTION 302. Application for Permits In order to obtain a building permit, the applicant shall file an application therefor in writing and on the prescribed form from the Office of the Building Official. Every application shall provide at least the following information: (1) A description of the work to be covered by the permit applied for; (2) Certified true copy of the TCT covering the lot on which the proposed work is to be done. If the applicant is not the registered owner, in addition to the TCT, a copy of the contract of lease shall be submitted; TCT - Transfer Certificate of Title (3) The use or occupancy for which the proposal work is intended; (4) Estimated cost of the proposed work. To be submitted together with such application are at least five sets of corresponding plans and specifications prepared, signed and sealed by a duly registered mechanical engineer in case of mechanical plans, and by a registered electrical engineer in case of electrical plans, except in those cases exempted or not required by the Building Official under this Code. SECTION 305. Validity of Building Permits Whenever the issuance of a permit is based on approved plans and specifications which are subsequently found defective, the Building Official is not precluded from requiring permittee to effect the necessary corrections in said plans and specifications or from preventing or ordering the stoppage of any or all building operations being carried on thereunder which are in violation of this Code. A building permit issued under the provisions of this Code shall expire and become null and void if the building or work authorized therein is not commenced within a period of one year from the date of such permit, or if the building or work so authorized is suspended or abandoned at any time after it has been commenced, for a period of 120 days. SECTION 306. Non-Issuance, Suspension or Revocation of Building Permits The Building Official may order or cause the non- issuance, suspension or revocation of building permits on any or all of the following reasons or grounds: (a) Errors found in the plans and specifications; (b) Incorrect or inaccurate data or information supplied; (c) Non-compliance with the provisions of this Code or of any rule or regulation. Notice of non-issuance, suspension or revocation of building permits shall always be made in writing, stating the reason or grounds therefor. SECTION 307. Appeal Within fifteen (15) days from the date of receipt of advice of the non-issuance, suspension or revocation of permits, the applicant/permittee may file an appeal with the Secretary who shall render his decision within fifteen days from date of receipt of notice of appeal. The decision of the Secretary shall be final subject only to review by the Office of the President. SECTION 308. Inspection and Supervision of Work The owner of the Building who is issued or granted a building permit under this Code shall engage the services of a duly licensed architect or civil engineer to undertake the full time inspection and supervision of the construction work. Such architect or civil engineer may or may not be the same architect or civil engineer who is responsible for the design of the building. It is understood however that in either case, the designing architect or civil engineer is not precluded from conducting inspection of the construction work to check and determine compliance with the plans and specifications of the building as submitted. There shall be kept at the jobsite at all times a logbook wherein the actual progress of construction including tests conducted, weather conditions and other pertinent data are to be recorded. SECTION 309. Certificate of Occupancy No building or structure shall be used or occupied and no change in the existing use or occupancy classification of a building or structure or portion thereof shall be made until the Building Official has issued a Certificate of Occupancy therefor as provided in this Code. A Certificate of Occupancy shall be issued by the Building Official within thirty (30) days if after final inspection and submittal of a Certificate of Completion referred to in the preceding Section, it is found that the building or structure complies with the provisions of this Code. The Certificate of Occupancy shall be posted or displayed in a conspicuous place on the premises and shall not be removed except upon order of the Building Official CHAPTER 4 - TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION SECTION 401. Types of Construction For purposes of this Code, all buildings proposed for construction shall be classified or identified according to the following types: (1) Type I – Type I buildings shall be of wood construction. The structural elements may be any of the materials permitted by this Code. (2) Type II – Type II buildings shall be of wood construction with protective fire-resistant materials and one-hour fire-resistive throughout: Except, that permanent non-bearing partitions may use fire-retardant treated wood within the framing assembly. (3) Type III – Type III buildings shall be of masonry and wood construction. Structural elements may be any of the materials permitted by this Code: Provided, that the building shall be one-hour fire-resistive throughout. Exterior walls shall be of incombustible fire- resistive construction. (4) Type IV – Type IV buildings shall be of steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction. Walls, ceilings, and permanent partitions shall be of incombustible fire-resistive construction: Except, that permanent non-bearing partitions of one-hour fire-resistive construction may use fire-retardant treated wood within the framing assembly. (5) Type V – Type V buildings shall be fire-resistive. The structural elements shall be of steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction. Walls, ceilings, and permanent partitions shall be of incombustible fire-resistive construction. CHAPTER 5 - REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE ZONES SECTION 501. Fire Zones Defined Fire zones are areas within which only certain types of buildings are permitted to be constructed based on their use or occupancy, type of construction, and resistance to fire. SECTION 506. Restrictions on Existing Buildings Existing buildings or structures in fire zones that do not comply with the requirements for a new building erected therein shall not hereafter be enlarged, altered, remodeled, repaired or moved except as follows: (a) Such building is entirely demolished; (b) Such building is to be moved outside the limits of the more highly restrictive Fire Zone to a zone where the building meets the minimum standards; (c) Changes, alterations and repairs may be made provided that in any 12-month period, the value of the work does not exceed twenty percent of the value of the existing building, and provided that, such changes do not add additional combustible material, and do not, in the opinion of the Building Official, increase the fire hazard; (d) Additions thereto are separated from the existing building by fire walls, as set forth in Sub-section 604 (b); (e) Damage from fire or earthquake, typhoons or any fortuitous event may be repaired, using the same kind of materials of which the building or structure was originally constructed, provided that, the cost of such repair shall not exceed twenty percent of the replacement cost of the building or structure. CHAPTER 6 - FIRE-RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION SECTION 601. Fire-Resistive Rating defined Fire-resistive rating means the degree to which a material can withstand fire as determined by generally recognized and accepted testing methods. CHAPTER 7 - CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY USE OR OCCUPANCY SECTION 701. Occupancy Classified (a) Buildings proposed for construction shall be identified according to their use or the character of its occupancy and shall be classified as follows: (1) Group A – Residential Dwellings Group A Occupancies shall be dwellings. (2) Group B – Residentials, Hotels and Apartments Group B Occupancies shall be multiple dwelling units including boarding or lodging houses, hotels, apartment buildings, row houses, convents, monasteries and other similar building each of which accommodates more than 10 persons. (3) Group C – Education and Recreation Group C Occupancies shall be buildings used for school or day-care purposes, involving assemblage for instruction, education, or recreation, and not classified in Group I or in Division 1 and 2 or Group H Occupancies. (4) Group D – Institutional Group D Occupancies shall include: Division 1 – Mental hospitals, mental sanitaria, jails, prisons, reformatories, and buildings were personal liberties of inmates are similarly restrained. Division 2 – Nurseries for full-time care of children under kindergarten age, hospitals, sanitaria, nursing homes with non-ambulatory patients, and similar buildings each accommodating more than five persons. Division 3 – Nursing homes for ambulatory patients, homes for children of kindergarten age or over, each accommodating more than five persons: Provided, that Group D Occupancies shall not include buildings used only for private or family group dwelling purposes. (5) Group E – Business and Mercantile Group E Occupancies shall include: Division 1 – Gasoline filling and service stations, storage garages and boat storage structures where no work is done except exchange of parts and maintenance requiring no open flame, welding, or the use of highly flammable liquids. Division 2 – Wholesale and retail stores, office buildings, drinking and dining establishments having an occupant load of less than one hundred persons, printing plants, police and fire stations, factories and workshops using not highly flammable or combustible materials and paint stores without bulk handlings. Division 3 – Aircraft hangars and open parking garages where no repair work is done except exchange of parts and maintenance requiring no open flame, welding or the use of highly flammable liquids. (6) Group F – Industrial Group F Occupancies shall include: ice plants, power plants, pumping plants, cold storage, and creameries, factories and workshops using incombustible and non-explosive materials, and storage and sales rooms for incombustible and non-explosive materials. (7) Group G – Storage and Hazardous Groups G Occupancies shall include: Division 1 – Storage and handling of hazardous and highly flammable material. Division 2 – Storage and handling of flammable materials, dry cleaning plants using flammable liquids; paint stores with bulk handling, paint shops and spray painting rooms. Division 3 – Wood working establishments, planning mills and box factories, shops, factories where loose combustible fibers or dust are manufactured, processed or generated; warehouses where highly combustible materials is stored. Division 4 – Repair garages. Division 5 – Aircrafts repair hangars. (8) Group H – Assembly Other Than Group I Group H Occupancies shall include: Division 1 – Any assembly building with a stage and an occupant load of less than 1000 in the building. Division 2 – Any assembly building without stage and having an occupant load of 300 or more in the building. Division 3 – Any assembly building without a stage and having an occupant load of less than 300 in the building. Division 4 – Stadia, reviewing stands, amusement park structures not included within Group I or in Division 1, 2, and 3 of this Group. (9) Group I – Assembly Occupant Load 1000 or More Group I Occupancies shall be any assembly building with a stage and an occupant load of 1000 or more in the building. (10) Group J – Accessory Group J Occupancies shall include: Division 1 – Private garage, carports, sheds and agricultural buildings. Division 2 – Fences over 1.80 meters high, tanks and towers. (b) Other subgroupings or divisions within Groups A to J may be determined by the Secretary. Any other occupancy not mentioned specifically in this Section, or about which there is any question, shall be included in the Group which it most nearly resembles based on the existing or proposed life and fire hazard. SECTION 704. Location on Property (a) General No building shall be constructed unless it adjoins or has direct access to a public space, yard or street on at least one of its sides. For the purpose of this Section, the center line of an adjoining street or alley shall be considered an adjacent property line. Eaves over required windows shall not be less than 750 millimeters from the side and rear property lines. (b) Fire Resistance of Walls Exterior walls shall have fire resistance and opening protection in accordance with the requirements set forth by the Secretary. Projections beyond the exterior wall shall not exceed beyond a point one-third the distance from an assumed vertical plane located where the fire-resistive protection of openings is first required to the location on property whichever is the least restrictive. Distance shall be measured at right angles from the property line. When openings in exterior walls are required to be protected due to distance from property line, the sum of the areas of such openings in any storey shall not exceed 50 percent of the total area of the wall in that storey. SECTION 707. Maximum Height of Buildings The maximum height and number of storeys of every building shall be dependent upon the character of occupancy and the type of construction as determined by the Secretary considering population density, building bulk, widths of streets and car parking requirements. The height shall be measured from the highest adjoining sidewalk or ground surface: Provided, that the height measured from the lowest adjoining surface shall not exceed such maximum height by more than 3.00 meters: Except, that towers, spires, and steeples, erected as part of a building and not used for habitation or storage are limited as to height only by structural design if completely of incombustible materials, or may extend not to exceed 6.00 meters above the height limits for each occupancy group if of combustible materials. SECTION 708. Minimum Requirements for Group A Dwellings (a) Dwelling Location and Lot Occupancy The dwelling shall occupy not more than ninety percent of a corner lot and eighty percent of an inside lot, and subject to the provisions on Easements of Light and View of the Civil Code of Philippines, shall be at least 2 meters from the property line. (b) Light and Ventilation Every dwelling shall be so constructed and arranged as to provide adequate light and ventilation as provided under Section 805 to Section 811, of this Code. (c) Sanitation Every dwelling shall be provided with at least one sanitary toilet and adequate washing and drainage facilities. (d) Foundation Footings shall be of sufficient size and strength to support the load of the dwelling and shall be at least 250 millimeters thick and 600 millimeters below the surface of the ground. (e) Post The dimensions of wooden posts shall be those found in Table 708-A: Dimensions of Wooden Posts (Annex B-1). Each post shall be anchored to such footing by straps and bolts of adequate size. (f) Floor The live load of the first floor shall be at least 200 kilograms per square meter and for the second floor, at least 150 kilograms per square meter. (g) Roof The wind load for roofs shall be at least 120 kilograms per square meter for vertical projection. (h) Stairs Stairs shall be at least 750 millimeters in clear width, with a rise of 200 millimeters and a minimum run of 200 millimeters. (i) Entrance and Exit There shall be at least one entrance and another one for exit. (j) Electrical Requirements All electrical installation shall conform to the requirements of the Philippine Electrical Code. (k) Mechanical Requirements Mechanical systems and/or equipment installation shall be subject to the requirement of the Philippine Mechanical Engineering Code. CHAPTER 8 - LIGHT AND VENTILATION SECTION 801. General Requirements of Light and Ventilation (a) Subject to the provisions of the Civil Code of the Philippines on Easements of Light and View, and to the provisions of this part of the Code, every building shall be designed, constructed, and equipped to provide adequate light and ventilation. (b) All buildings shall face a street or public alley or a private street which has been duly approved. (c) No building shall be altered nor arranged so as to reduce the size of any room or the relative area of windows to less than that provided for buildings under this Code, or to create an additional room, unless such additional room conforms to the requirements of this Code. (d) No building shall be enlarged so that the dimensions of the required court or yard would be less than that prescribed for such building. SECTION 804. Size and Dimensions of Courts (a) Minimum size of courts and their least dimensions shall be governed by the use, type of construction, and height of the building as provided in the rules and regulations promulgated by the Secretary, provided that the minimum horizontal dimension of court shall be not less than 2.00 meters. (b) All inner courts shall be connected to a street or yard, either by a passageway with a minimum width of 1.20 meters or by a door through a room or rooms. SECTION 805. Ceiling Heights SECTION 806. Size and Dimensions of Rooms SECTION 807. Air Space Requirements in Determining the Size of Rooms SECTION 808. Window Openings CHAPTER 10 - BUILDING PROJECTION OVER PUBLIC STREETS SECTION 1001. General Requirements (a) No part of any building or structure or any of its appendages shall project beyond the property line of the building site, except as provided in this Code. SECTION 1005. Canopies (Marquees) (a) Definition: A canopy or marquee is a permanent roofed structure above a door attached to and supported by the building and projecting over a wall or sidewalk. This includes any object or decoration attached thereto. (b) Projection and Clearance. The horizontal clearance between the outermost edge of the marquee and the curb line shall be not less than 300 millimeters. The vertical clearance between the pavement or ground line and the undersurface of any part the marquee shall not be less than 3.00 meters. (c) Construction. A marquee shall be constructed of incombustible material or materials of not less than two- hours fire-resistive construction. It shall be provided with necessary drainage facility. (d) Location. Every marquee shall be so located as not to interfere with the operation of any exterior standpipe connection or to obstruct the clear passage from stairway exits from the building or the installation or maintenance of electroliers. SECTION 1006. Movable Awnings or Hoods (a) Definition. An awning is a movable shelter supported entirely from an exterior wall of a building and of a type which can be retracted, folded, or collapsed against the face of a supporting building. (b) Clearance. The horizontal clearance between the awning and the curb line shall not be less than 300 millimeters. The vertical clearance between the undermost surface of the awning and the pavement or ground line shall be not less than 2.40 meters. Collapsible awnings shall be so designated that they shall not block a required exit when collapsed or folded. SECTION 1007. Doors, Windows, and the like Doors, windows, and the like less than 2.40 meters above the pavement or groundline shall not, when fully opened or upon opening, project beyond the property line except fire exit doors. CHAPTER 11 - PROTECTION OF PEDESTRIANS DURING CONSTRUCTION OR DEMOLITION SECTION 1101. General Requirements (a) No person shall use or occupy a street, alley or public sidewalk for the performance of work covered by a building permit except in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter. (b) No person shall perform any work on any building or structure adjacent to a public way in general use for pedestrian travel, unless the pedestrians are protected as specified in this Chapter. (c) Any material or structure temporarily occupying public property, including fence, canopies, and walkways, shall be adequately lighted, between sunset and sunrise. SECTION 1102. Storage in Public Property Materials and equipment necessary for work to be done under a permit when placed or stored on public property shall not obstruct free and convenient approach to and use of any fire hydrant, fire or police alarm box, utility box, catch basin, or manhole and shall not interfere with any drainage of any street or alley gutter. SECTION 1103. Mixing Mortar on Public Property The mixing of mortar, concrete, or similar materials on public streets shall not be allowed. SECTION 1104. Protection of Utilities All public or private utilities above or below the ground shall be protected from any damage by any work being done under the permit. The protection shall be maintained while such work is being done and shall not obstruct the normal functioning of any such utility. SECTION 1105. Walkway (a) When the Building Official authorizes a sidewalk to be fenced or closed, or in case there is no sidewalk in front of the building site during construction or demolition, a temporary walkway of not less than 1.20 meters wide shall be provided. (b) The walkway shall be capable of supporting a uniform live load of 650 kilograms per square meter. A durable wearing surface shall be provided throughout the construction period. SECTION 1106. Pedestrian Protection (a) Protection Required. Pedestrian traffic shall be protected by a railing on the street side when the walkway extends into the roadway, by a railing when adjacent to excavations, and by such as set forth in Table 1106-A: Type of Protection Required for Pedestrians (Annex B-2). (b) Railings. Adequate railings when required shall be built substantially strong and should be at least 1.00 meter in height. (c) Fences. Fences shall be built of an approved material, not less than 2.40 meters in height above grade, and be placed on the side of the walkway nearest to the building site. Fences shall enclose entirely the building site. Openings in such fences shall be provided with doors which shall be kept closed at all times. (d) Canopies. The protective canopy shall have a clear height of 2.40 meters above the railway, and shall be structurally safe. Every canopy shall have a solid fence built along its entire length on the construction side. If materials are stored or work is done on top of the canopy, the edge along the street shall be protected by a tight curb board not less than 300 millimeters high and a railing not less than 1.00 meter high shall be provided. The entire structure shall be designed to carry the loads imposed upon it: Provided, that the live load shall be not less than 600 kilograms per square meter. SECTION 1107. Maintenance and Removal of Protective Devices (a) Maintenance. All protective devices shall be properly maintained in place and kept in good order for the entire length of time pedestrians may be endangered. (b) Removal. Every protective fence or canopy shall be removed within 30 days after such protection is no longer required as determined by the Building Official. SECTION 1108. Demolition (a) The work of demolishing any building shall not be commenced until all the necessary pedestrian protective structures are in place. (b) The Building Official may require the permittee to submit plans, specifications and complete schedule of demolition. When so required, no work shall be done until such plans, specifications and schedule are approved by the Building Official. CHAPTER 12 - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS SECTION 1201. General Requirements Buildings proposed for construction shall comply with all the regulations and specifications herein set forth governing quality, characteristics and properties of materials, methods of design and construction, type of occupancy and classification. All other matters relative to the structural design of all buildings and other structures not provided for in this Chapter shall conform with the provisions of the National Structural Code of Buildings, as adopted and promulgated by the Board of Civil Engineering pursuant to Republic Act Number 544, as amended, otherwise known as the “Civil Engineering Law”. CHAPTER 13 - ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL REGULATIONS SECTION 1301. Electrical Regulations All electrical systems, equipment and installation mentioned in this Code shall conform to the provisions of the Philippine Electrical Code, as adopted by the Board of Electrical Engineering pursuant to Republic Act No. 184 otherwise known as the Electrical Engineering Law. SECTION 1302. Mechanical Regulations All mechanical systems, equipment and installations mentioned in this Code shall conform to the provisions of the Philippine Mechanical Engineering code, as adopted by the Board of Mechanical Engineering pursuant to Commonwealth Act No. 294 as amended, otherwise known as the Mechanical Engineering Law. CHAPTER 15 - PRE-FABRICATED CONSTRUCTION SECTION 1501. Prefabricated Assembly (a) Prefabricated assembly is a structural unit, the integral parts of which have been built up or assembled prior to incorporation in the building. (b) The Secretary shall prescribe special tests to determine the structural adequacy, durability, soundness, weather and fire resistance of prefabricated assemblies. (c) Every device or system to connect prefabricated assemblies shall be capable of developing the strength of the different members as an integral structure. Except, in the case of members forming part of a structural frame as specified in this Code. (d) Placement of prefabricated assemblies shall be inspected to determine compliance with this Code. CHAPTER 18 – GLASS AND GLAZING SECTION 1801. General Requirements (a) This Chapter shall apply to exterior glass and glazing in all Occupancies except Groups A, B, and J Occupancies not over three storeys in height, and to interior and exterior glass and glazing in all occupancies subject to human impact as specified in this Code. (b) Standards for materials shall conform to the provisions set by the Secretary on glass dimensional tolerances, breaking stress levels, and design safety factors. CHAPTER 20 – SIGNS SECTION 2001. General Requirements (a) No sign or signboard shall be erected in such a manner as to confuse or obstruct the view or interpretation of any official traffic sign, signal, or device. (b) No sign or signboard shall be constructed as to unduly obstruct the natural view of the landscape, distract or obstruct the view of the public as to constitute a traffic hazard, or otherwise defile, debase or offend aesthetic and cultural values and traditions. SECTION 2002. Maintenance All signs, together with all of their supports, braces, guys, and anchors, shall be kept in repair and in proper state of preservation. The display of all signs shall be kept neatly painted and secured at all times. SECTION 2003. Design and Construction Sign structures shall be designed and constructed to resist all forces in accordance with the National Structural Code for Buildings. For signs on buildings, the dead lateral loads shall be transmitted through the structural frame of the building to the ground in such a manner as not to overstress any of the elements of the building. The weight of earth superimposed over footings may be used in determining the dead load resisting moment. Such earth shall be carefully placed and thoroughly compacted. SECTION 2005. Projections and Clearances (a) Clearances from High Voltage Power Lines – Clearances of signs from high voltage power lines shall be in accordance with the Philippine Electrical Code. (b) Clearances from Fire Escapes, Exits, or Standpipes – No signs or sign structures shall be erected in such a manner than any portion of its surface or supports will interfere in any way with the free use of any fire escape, exit, or standpipe. (c) Obstruction of Openings. No sign shall obstruct any opening to such an extent that light or ventilation is reduced to a point below that required by this Code. Signs erected within 1.50 meters of an exterior wall in which there are openings within the area of the sign shall be constructed of incombustible material or approved plastics. (d) Projection over Alleys. No sign or sign structure shall project into any public alley below a height of 3.00 meters above established sidewalk grade, nor project more than 300 millimeters where the sign structure is located 3.00 meters to 4.5 meters above established sidewalk grade. The sign or sign structure must not project more than 1.00 meter into the public alley where the sign or sign structure is located more than 4.50 meters above established sidewalk grade. SECTION 2006. Lighting Signs shall be illuminated only by electrical means in accordance with the Philippine Electrical Code. CHAPTER 21 – TRANSITORY AND FINAL PROVISIONS SECTION 2101. Existing Building and Structures All buildings or structures constructed under R.A. 6541 or existing city or municipal building codes or ordinances, if legally done in accordance therewith, shall be respected subject to such limitations established in this Code. However, alterations, additions, conversions and/or repairs to be made in such buildings or structures shall be subject to the provisions of this Code. SECTION 2102. Interim Rules and Regulations Interim rules and regulations on buildings promulgated by the Secretary before the adoption of this Code pursuant to existing laws or decrees shall continue to have binding force and effect, when not in conflict with the provisions of this Code. SECTION 2103. Separability Clause If any provision of this Decree or the application thereof is to any person or circumstance declared unconstitutional or invalid for any reason, the same shall not affect the validity of the other provisions. SECTION 2104. Repealing Clause All laws, decrees, provisions of charters, executive orders, ordinances, rules and regulations or parts thereof contrary to or inconsistent with the provisions of this Decree are hereby repealed, amended, or modified accordingly. SECTION 2105. Effectivity This Decree shall take effect upon its promulgation. ARCHITECTURAL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Referral Code of PD 1096 - National Building Code of the Philippines Prepared by the United Architects of the Philippines (UAP) Passed upon by the Professional Regulatory Commission (PRC) Approved by then Gregorio R. Vigilar, DPWH Secretary on December 20, 1999 UAP issued UAP Board Resolution No. 18, Series of FY 1999-2000, entitled “Adoption of the Proposed Architectural Code, November 1999 Version, As Prepared by the UAP Architectural Code Committee” on January 22, 2000 PRC Board of Architecture issued Resolution No. 11, Series of 2000 “Adoption and promulgation of the Architectural Code of the Philippines” on August 16, 2000  ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter I General Provisions ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter I General Provisions ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter I General Provisions ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter I General Provisions ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter II Administration and Enforcement ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter II Administration and Enforcement ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter II Administration and Enforcement ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter II Administration and Enforcement ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter II Administration and Enforcement ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter II Administration and Enforcement ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter II Administration and Enforcement ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter IV Classification and General Requirements of all Buildings by Use or Occupancy ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter V Types of Construction ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter V Types of Construction ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter V Types of Construction ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter V Types of Construction ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter V Types of Construction ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter V Types of Construction ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter V Types of Construction ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter V Types of Construction ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter V Types of Construction ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter V Types of Construction ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter V Types of Construction ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter VI General Design and Construction Requirements ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter IX Light and Ventilation ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter IX Light and Ventilation ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter XIII Electrical and Mechanical Regulations ARCHITECTURAL CODE Chapter XIII Electrical and Mechanical Regulations Chapter I General Requirements Section 101 TITLE, PURPOSE AND SCOPE Chapter I General Requirements Section 101 TITLE, PURPOSE AND SCOPE Chapter I General Requirements Section 102 DEFINITIONS Chapter I General Requirements Section 102 DEFINITIONS Chapter I General Requirements Section 102 DEFINITIONS Chapter I General Requirements Section 102 DEFINITIONS Chapter I General Requirements Section 103 CLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURES Chapter I General Requirements Section 103 CLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURES Chapter I General Requirements Section 103 CLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURES Chapter I General Requirements Section 103 CLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURES Chapter I General Requirements Section 106 SPECIFICATIONS, DRAWINGS AND CALCULATIONS Chapter I General Requirements Section 106 SPECIFICATIONS, DRAWINGS AND CALCULATIONS Chapter I General Requirements Section 107 STRUCTURAL INSPECTIONS, TESTS AND STRUCTURAL OBSERVATIONS Chapter I General Requirements Section 107 STRUCTURAL INSPECTIONS, TESTS AND STRUCTURAL OBSERVATIONS Chapter I General Requirements Section 107 STRUCTURAL INSPECTIONS, TESTS AND STRUCTURAL OBSERVATIONS Chapter II Minimum Design Loads Section 205 LIVE LOADS 205.1 General Live loads shall be the maximum loads expected by the intended use or occupancy but in no case shall be less than the loads required by this section. Chapter II Minimum Design Loads Section 205 LIVE LOADS Chapter II Minimum Design Loads Section 205 LIVE LOADS Chapter II Minimum Design Loads Section 205 LIVE LOADS Chapter II Minimum Design Loads Section 205 LIVE LOADS Chapter II Minimum Design Loads Section 205 LIVE LOADS Chapter III Earthworks and Foundation Section 302 EXCAVATIONS AND FILLS Chapter III Earthworks and Foundation Section 302 EXCAVATIONS AND FILLS OTHER CONTENTS Chapter 4 – Structural Concrete Chapter 5 – Structural Steel Chapter 6 – Wood Chapter 7 - Masonry PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE (PEC) 2017 Philippine Electrical Code The first NEC was developed in 1897, eighteen years after the invention of incandescent light bulb by Thomas A. Edison. Regularly revised (every three years) to reflect the evolution of products, materials, and installation techniques. The 2017 PEC used the 2017 Edition of the National Electrical Code as referenced Code. Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction Chapter 1 General Article 1.0 Introduction  FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES 2008 (RA 9514)  Fire Code of the Philippines Pursuant to the provision of Section 14 in relation to Section 5 of Republic Act No. 9514, entitled “AN ACT ESTABLISHING A COMPREHENSIVE FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPEALING PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1185, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES”, the following Rules and Regulations are hereby adopted in order to carry out the provisions of this Code. Approved on December 19, 2008  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 2 “It is the policy of the State to ensure public safety, promote economic development through the prevention and suppression of all kinds, of destructive fires, and promote the professionalization of the fire service as a profession. Towards this end, the State shall enforce all laws, rules and regulations to ensure adherence to standard fire prevention and safety measures, and promote accountability in the fire protection and prevention service.”  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 4 Applicability of the Code The provisions of the Fire Code shall apply to all persons and all private and public buildings, facilities or structures erected or constructed before and after its effectivity.  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 5 Responsibility for the Enforcement of this Code This code shall be administered by the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP), under the direct supervision and control of the Chief of the BFP a. Issue implementing rules and regulations, and prescribe standards, schedule of fees/charges and administrative penalties b. Reorganize BFP as may be necessary c. Support fire volunteers, practitioners, and fire volunteer organizations  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 5 Responsibility for the Enforcement of this Code d. Enter into a long-term agreement for acquisition of fire protection, fire prevention, and firefighting equipment e. Enter into memoranda of agreement with other departments of the government as well as private institutions in order to define areas of cooperation and delineate responsibilities of common concern f. Call on other law enforcement agencies government units to render necessary assistance g. Designate a fire safety inspector  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 5 Responsibility for the Enforcement of this Code h. Inspection of buildings, structures for dangerous or hazardous conditions i. Order the owner/occupant of any building to summarily abate such hazardous conditions j. Require the submission of any pertinent documents to ensure compliance with codes and standards k. Issue written notices to stop work or portions of the work due to absence or in violation of approved plans and specifications  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 7 Inspections, Safety Measure, Fire Safety, Constructions and Protective and/or Warning Systems As may be defined and provided in the rules and regulations, owners, administrators or occupants of buildings, structures and their premises or facilities and other responsible persons shall be required to comply with the following, as may be appropriate:  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 7 Inspections, Safety Measure, Fire Safety, Constructions and Protective and/or Warning Systems A. Inspection Requirements - A fire safety inspection shall be conducted for: 1. Use and occupancy of buildings and structure including the installation of fire protection and safety equipment, and electrical system 2. Storage, handling and/or use of explosives or of hazardous, toxic, flammable, combustible materials  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 7 Inspections, Safety Measure, Fire Safety, Constructions and Protective and/or Warning Systems B. Safety Measures for Hazardous Materials – safety measure are required for manufacture, storage, use, and handling involving: 1. Cellulose nitrate plastics of any kind 2. Combustible fibers 3. Cellular materials 4. Flammable or combustible liquids and gases 5. Flammable paints, varnishes, coatings, and stains 6. High-piled or widely spread combustible stock  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 7 Inspections, Safety Measure, Fire Safety, Constructions and Protective and/or Warning Systems 7. Metallic magnesium 8. Corrosive liquids, oxidizing materials, organic peroxides, nitromethane, ammonium nitrate or any amount of highly toxic, pyrophoric, hypergolic, or cryogenic materials or poisonous gases 9. Blasting agents and explosives 10. Firework materials 11. Matches in commercial quantities  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 7 Inspections, Safety Measure, Fire Safety, Constructions and Protective and/or Warning Systems 12. Hot ashes, live coals, and embers 13. Mineral, vegetable or animals oil and its derivatives and byproducts 14. Combustible waste material for recycling or resale 15. Explosive dusts and vapors 16.Agriculture, forest, mineral, marine products which undergo spontaneous combustion 17. Any other substances with the potential to cause harm  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 7 Inspections, Safety Measure, Fire Safety, Constructions and Protective and/or Warning Systems C. Safety Measures for Hazardous Processes – safety measure are required for the following processes: 1. Welding or soldering 2. Industrial baking and drying 3. Waste disposal 4. Pressurized/forced-draft burning equipment 5. Smelting and forging 6. Motion picture projection using electrical arc lamps 7. Refining, distillation, and solvent extraction  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 7 Inspections, Safety Measure, Fire Safety, Constructions and Protective and/or Warning Systems D. Provisions on Fire Safety Construction, Protective and Warning Systems - Owners, Occupants, and Administrators shall incorporate and provide the following: Fire Protection features such as sprinkler system Fire alarm system Fire Walls Provisions for confining the fire at its source Termination of all exits affording safe passage to a public way or safe dispersal area  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 7 Inspections, Safety Measure, Fire Safety, Constructions and Protective and/or Warning Systems Means of egress sealed from smoke and heat Fire exit plan for each floor showing the routes from each room to exit points displayed prominently on the door of such rooms Self-closing fire resistive doors leading to corridors Fire dampers on centralized air conditioning ducts Roof vents Properly marked and lighted exits with emergency lights  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 8 Prohibited Acts The following are declared as prohibited act and omission: Obstruction of the exit ways Constructing gates, entrances, walkways on public ways Prevention, interference, or obstruction of any operation of the fire service Obstructing designated fire lanes or access to fire hydrants Overcrowding Locking fire exits when people are inside the building  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 8 Prohibited Acts Prevention or obstruction of automatic closure of fire door Use of fire protection or firefighting equipment other than for firefighting Giving false fire alarms Smoking in prohibited areas Abandoning of a building or structure by the owner without appropriate safety measures  Fire Code of the Philippines Section 8 Prohibited Acts Removing, tampering, vandalizing authorized marks, seals, sign or tag Use of jumpers or tampering of electrical wiring or overloading the electrical system Republic Act No. 1378 AN ACT TO REGULATE THE TRADE OF MASTER PLUMBER Professional Regulation Commission adopted the Revised Plumbing Code of 1999 which President Estrada approved last December 21, 1999 pursuant to Sec. 4 of RA1378. The Board shall, from time to time, look into conditions affecting the trade of master plumber in the Philippines, and whenever necessary, recommend to the President of the Philippines the adoption of such rules and regulations as may be deemed proper for the maintenance of good ethics and standards in the trade and for the protection of public welfare, life, health, and property  Basic Principles  Plumbing fixtures, devices & appurtenances shall be supplied with water in sufficient volume and at pressure adequate to enable them to function satisfactorily and without undue noise under all normal conditions of use.  Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the minimum quantity of water consistent with proper performance and cleaning.  Each family dwelling unit on premises abutting on a sewer or with a private sewer-disposal system shall have at least one water closet and one kitchen-type sink. Further, a lavatory and bathtub or shower shall be installed to meet the basic requirements of sanitation and personal hygiene.  Basic Principles  Plumbing fixtures shall be made of smooth non- absorbent material, free from concealed fouling surfaces & shall be located in ventilated enclosures.  All piping of plumbing systems shall be of durable NAMPAP- APPROVED materials, free from defective workmanship, designed and constructed by Registered Master Plumbers to ensure satisfactory service.  Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system shall be equipped with a water-sealed trap. Basic Principles  The drainage piping system shall be designed to provide adequate circulation of air free from siphonage, aspiration or forcing of trap seals under ordinary use.  Plumbing systems shall be subjected to such tests to effectively disclose all leaks and defects in the workmanship.  Proper protection shall be provided to prevent contamination of food, water, sterile goods & similar materials by backflow of sewage. When necessary, the fixture, device or appliance shall be connected indirectly with the building drainage system.  No water closet shall be located in a room or compartment, which is not properly lighted & ventilated. 1. GRADE OF HORIZONTAL PIPING Drainage pipes shall be run in practical alignments & at a uniform slope between manholes of not less than 20mm/m or 2% toward the point of disposal. If it is impracticable to obtain such slope due to the following conditions: - Excessive depth of the proposed drainage line - Structural and/or geological features of the terrain - Existing adverse in arrangements of building structure Any such pipe or piping 102mm or larger in diameter may have a slope of 10mm/m or 1% provided it is approved by Administrative Authority 4. PROTECTION OF PIPING, MATERIALS & STRUCTURES No building sewer or other drainage pipings or part thereof, constructed of materials other than that approved for use under or within the building, shall be installed under or within 0.6m of any building or structure, nor less than 0.3m below the finish ground surface. 5. SPECIAL FIXTURES & SPECIALTIES Wastewater drain for “Sacrarium” cupsink at church altar & baptisteries font outlet shall discharge direct to the ground & not connected to any sanitary or drainage system. 5. INSTALLATION No water closet or bidet shall be set closer than 0.375m from its center to any side of the wall or obstruction or closer than 0.75m center to center to any similar fixture. No urinal shall be set closer than 0.6m center to center. 6. SHOWER STALLS The finished floor of the receptor shall slope uniformly from sides towards the drain not less than 2% or 20mm/m or more than 4% or 40mm/m. 559mm min. width of threshold. 1.2m min. distance between the door or entry to the drain. 0.6m2 min. finished interior area of shower stalls (any shape) & shall be capable of encompassing a 762mm dia. circle. 7. MINIMUM RATIO of PLUMBING FACILITIES 1 laundry tray & 1 automatic washer standpipe per 1 dwelling unit 2 laundry trays & 2 automatic washer standpipes per 10 apartments 1 kitchen sink per 1 dwelling unit or 1 apartment 1 lavatory per 5 persons (where there is exposure to skin contamination with poisonous, infectious, or irritating materials) 1 laundry tray per 50 persons 7. MINIMUM RATIO of PLUMBING FACILITIES 1 slop sink per 100 persons 1 water closet & 1 urinal per 30 workmen (for temporary workingmen facilities) 1 drinking fountain per occupied floor in schools, theaters, auditoriums, dormitories offices or public building total no. of water closets required for females shall be at least equal for the total no. of water closets & urinals required for males. 7. MINIMUM RATIO of PLUMBING FACILITIES For assembly areas (theaters, auditoriums, dormitories, offices, of public buildings) used by more than 6 persons: 1 drinking fountain for the first 75 persons & additional of 1 drinking fountain for the next 150 persons. 4. SEPTIC TANK CONSTRUCTION Septic tanks shall have a min. of 2 compartments Inlet compartment of any septic tank shall not be less than 2/3 of the total capacity of the tank. Secondary compartment of any septic tank shall have a min. capacity of 1m3 & max. capacity of 1/3 the total capacity of the tank. 0.9m x 1.5m Min. dimension 0.6m min & 1.8m max. depth 4. SEPTIC TANK CONSTRUCTION Septic tanks having over 6m3 capacity, secondary compartment of such septic tank shall have a min. 1.5m length. Septic tanks shall have a min. of 2 manholes with 508mm min. dimension Whenever a first compartments exceeds 3.7m in length, additional manhole shall be provided. 11. TYPES OF WATER CLOSET 11. TYPES OF WATER CLOSET Code on Sanitation of the Philippines (PD No. 856) Code on Sanitation of the Philippines Presidential Decree No. 856 CODE ON SANITATION Signed by President Ferdinand E. Marcos on December 23, 1975 Objective: Improvement of the way of the Filipinos by directing public health services towards the protection and promotion of the health of our people. Chapter II Water Supply Section 9: Prescribed Standards and Procedures – the treatment of drinking water must conform to the criteria set by the National Drinking Water Standards Section 10: Jurisdiction of the Department a. Sites of water sources before their construction b. Delivery of water toconsumers from new or recently repaired water systems c. Operation of a water system after an order of closure was issued by the Department d. Plansandspecifications of water systems and subdivisions and projects prior to the construction of housing units thereat e. Certification of potability of drinking water Chapter II Water Supply Section 11: Types of Water Examinations Required a. Initial Examination – physical, chemical, bacteriological examinations b. Periodic Examination– examinations of at least six month- interval Section 12: Examining Laboratories and Submission of Water Samples – examination of water samples shall be performed only in private or government laboratories. Chapter II Water Supply Section 13: Other Protective Measures a. Washing clothes or bathing within 25-meter radius from well or any source of drinking water is prohibited b. No artesian, deep or shallow well shall be constructed within 25 meters from any source of pollution c. No radioactive sources or materials within 25-meter radius from any source of drinking water unless the radioactive source is adequately enclosed d. No physical connection between distribution system and any water supply unless regularly examined to its quality and found to be safe and potable. e. Installation of booster pumps connected to the main distribution line is prohibited. Chapter II Water Supply Section 15: Health Certificates – no one shall be employed in any food establishment without a Health Certificate issued by the Local Health Authority, after the required physical and medical examinations. Chapter III Food Establishments Section 21: Toilet and Washing Facilities a. Adequate and clean toilet facilities for male and female customers and personnel shall be provided in properly located areas b. Toilet rooms shall not be open directly into food preparation spaces c. Adequate hand-washing facilities must be provided within or adjacently d. Hot and cold running water, toilet paper, soap, and drying devices must be included in facilities Chapter IV Markets and Abattoirs Section 34: Prescribed Standards of Construction 1. Suitability of site insofar as elimination of nuisance conditions and prevention of contamination are concerned 2. Availability of ample water supply for cleaning 3. Accessibility of adequate drainage facilities 4. Durability of construction to protect vendors and customers from any hazard and exposure to the elements 5. Facilities for sanitation maintenance, such as cleaning and elimination of harbourages of vermin Chapter XXII Final Provisions Section 103: Penal Provision a. Any violation, disobedience, refusal, omission or neglect under this code shall be imprisoned for at most 6 months or pay a fine not exceeding P1000.00, or both depending upon discretion of the court b. Same penalty with the preceding paragraph shall be given to any person who would interfere with, oppose an officer or agent in the performance of its duties