Biology LAB 5 - Connective Tissue PDF

Alhusain ‫ُزبدة طب االسنان‬ 5 Stage 1 / college of dentistry Biology LAB 5 Al-Bayan university Connective tissue)gug, 6 Y, = S-...

Alhusain ‫ُزبدة طب االسنان‬ 5 Stage 1 / college of dentistry Biology LAB 5 Al-Bayan university Connective tissue)gug, 6 Y, = S- X-  8.5-61 Connective Tissue 25: Connective tissue is diverse in structure and function. Even so, - ① ② all types have three components: specialized cells, ground > 2b) ③ ==ed = v substance, and protein fibers. The ground substance is851 a non s - & - : 25 , cellular material that separates 3 the cells. It varies in consistency jx - from solid (bone) to semifluid (cartilage) to fluid (blood). The fibers are of three possible types. Types of connective tissue - 0.6d?:[proper connective tissue Fibrous connective Special connective tissue tissue ⑤ -, 91 I Loose Dense Supportive Fluid connective Fibers create Fibers are connective tissue tissue li loose, open framework I densely packed -5 Bone- Blood Cartilage Solid and rigid Contained in Solid yet - matrix blood Lymph flexible matrix vessels Contained in lymphatic Fibers: `vessels 3-x55131) I White collagen fibers contain collagen, a protein thats gives them -S I -- 2 = -flexibility and strength. Reticular fibers are very thin collagen Ess Is $3 -- fibers, highly branched proteins 3. that form delicate supporting S. - -I I 3 networks. Yellow elastic fibers contain elastin, a protein that is 51 - not as strong as collagen but is more elastic (meaning that it can II 35 E. return to its original shape; elastic fibers may stretch over 100 - ⑪5:11 - times their relaxed size without damaging the proteins).  Cells of connective tissue - -12. ② Fibrous Connective Tissue e. i. Fibrous tissue exists in two forms: loose fibrous tissue and dense , · fibrous tissue. Both loose11fibrous s - and dense fibrous connective - aninthe tissues have cells called fibroblasts located some distance from 5 95$1 - - - - one another and separated by a jellylike ground substance b S. containing white collagen fibers and yellow elastic fibers. Matrix Els is a term that includes ground substance and fibers. Wiring - bi) -b5 E Loose fibrous connective tissue, supports epithelium and many 90yIts presence in lungs, x i jess -xsg - ! I internal organs. -1 arteries, and the urinary - Ed bladder⑦40 & ② I allows these organs to expand. It forms a protective sig 3S- covering enclosing many internal organs, such as muscles, blood vessels, and nerves. Dense fibrous connective tissue contains many collagen fibers " packed together. This type of tissue has more specific functions than does loose connective tissue. For example, dense fibrous Est jst -b connective tissue is found in tendons, Iwhich connect muscles to bones, S and in ligaments, Iwhich connect bones to other bones at joints. I  joy 5) S 3. · -immed Adipose tissue is a - special type of -- > loose connective tissue in which the cells enlarge and store fat. Adipose tissue has little - - is - , extracellular matrix. Its cells are g crowded, and each is filled with 1 ,bs I ·5 ·.0 ② J liquid fat. The body uses this stored fat for energy, insulation, and ③ ③ organ protection. Adipose tissue also releases a hormone called 3611399 be s 51 - s leptin, which regulates appetite-control centers in the brain. 5 -x - 13 - - Adipose tissue is primarily found beneath the skin, around the kidneys. 88  Tissue dipose A I 961 2. ② Specialized Connective Tissue -s (s) There are several types of specialized connective tissue. Cartilage K - and bone are supportive connective tissues. In both tissues, the -......... extracellular matrix is solid. In fluid connective tissues, such as blood and lymph, the matrix surrounding the cells is a liquid. I: Blood - ,162 matrix -s II, 951J-matrix (1 sl -I S & Blood represents a fluid connective tissue. Blood, which consists =5651 jY - -5 =-s of formed elements and plasma, is located in blood vessels. Blood (g)1 516 , - 2- 351 transports nutrients and oxygen to tissue fluid. Tissue fluid 5 bathes the body’s cells↓and removes carbon dioxide and other - ③ 193 wastes. Blood helps distribute heat and also plays a role in fluid, -:j's ion, and pH balance.  93 - - Blood smear Connective tissue types Stage 1 / college of dentistry Biology LAB 5 Al-Bayan university  Connective Tissue Connective tissue is diverse in structure and function. Even so, all types have three components: specialized cells, ground substance, and protein fibers. The ground substance is a non cellular material that separates the cells. It varies in consistency from solid (bone) to semifluid (cartilage) to fluid (blood). The fibers are of three possible types. Types of connective tissue Fibrous connective Special connective tissue tissue Loose Dense Supportive Fluid connective Fibers create Fibers are connective tissue tissue loose, open framework densely packed Bone Blood Cartilage Solid and rigid Contained in Solid yet matrix blood Lymph flexible matrix vessels Contained in lymphatic `vessels Fibers: White collagen fibers contain collagen, a protein that gives them flexibility and strength. Reticular fibers are very thin collagen fibers, highly branched proteins that form delicate supporting networks. Yellow elastic fibers contain elastin, a protein that is not as strong as collagen but is more elastic (meaning that it can return to its original shape; elastic fibers may stretch over 100 times their relaxed size without damaging the proteins).  Cells of connective tissue Fibrous Connective Tissue Fibrous tissue exists in two forms: loose fibrous tissue and dense fibrous tissue. Both loose fibrous and dense fibrous connective tissues have cells called fibroblasts located some distance from one another and separated by a jellylike ground substance containing white collagen fibers and yellow elastic fibers. Matrix is a term that includes ground substance and fibers. Loose fibrous connective tissue, supports epithelium and many internal organs. Its presence in lungs, arteries, and the urinary bladder allows these organs to expand. It forms a protective covering enclosing many internal organs, such as muscles, blood vessels, and nerves. Dense fibrous connective tissue contains many collagen fibers packed together. This type of tissue has more specific functions than does loose connective tissue. For example, dense fibrous connective tissue is found in tendons, which connect muscles to bones, and in ligaments, which connect bones to other bones at joints. Adipose tissue is a special type of loose connective tissue in which the cells enlarge and store fat. Adipose tissue has little extracellular matrix. Its cells are crowded, and each is filled with liquid fat. The body uses this stored fat for energy, insulation, and organ protection. Adipose tissue also releases a hormone called leptin, which regulates appetite-control centers in the brain. Adipose tissue is primarily found beneath the skin, around the kidneys. Specialized Connective Tissue There are several types of specialized connective tissue. Cartilage and bone are supportive connective tissues. In both tissues, the extracellular matrix is solid. In fluid connective tissues, such as blood and lymph, the matrix surrounding the cells is a liquid. Blood Blood represents a fluid connective tissue. Blood, which consists of formed elements and plasma, is located in blood vessels. Blood transports nutrients and oxygen to tissue fluid. Tissue fluid bathes the body’s cells and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes. Blood helps distribute heat and also plays a role in fluid, ion, and pH balance.  Blood smear Connective tissue types