5_ life of serfs and women .pdf

s f r e S f o e f i L an d Wo men Majority of the people in medieval Europe were not lords, ladies, or knights. They were peasants or commoners (common people). Most peasants were serfs who lived on the manor and worked for a lord. Some peasants chose to work freely and not serve a lord. J_° If...

s f r e S f o e f i L an d Wo men Majority of the people in medieval Europe were not lords, ladies, or knights. They were peasants or commoners (common people). Most peasants were serfs who lived on the manor and worked for a lord. Some peasants chose to work freely and not serve a lord. J_° If a manor estate was taken over by a new lord, the serfs had to remain there to serve the new lord. € raised livestock o grew crops work wooden house - o house . Life of a Serf ' IE food bread ' vegetables ale or beer - . ::%É¥ vocabulary ale = a type of beer made from malt Q where countryside Fo outside of the manor A serf went to a city from countryside ÷ why ☐ @ How was life in a medieval city different from life on a manor estate? sell things and bring money back ☆ many churches many thieves and beggars full of shops - tailors, barbers, furriers, grocers, carpenters, cobblers, leather tanners, and bakers - market stalls ÷¥÷¥÷ " ←E peoples’ jobs - shopkeepers - clerks - each type of business is organized into a guild very bad smells - people dump waste from animals and people into open drains and ditches - people throw their unsold rotting foods, meat and fish into the streets - the river is filled with all kinds of garbage (and also dead animals!) dirty streets - rainy weather has turned the dirt streets to stinky mud tracks - dogs and pigs are finding foods from the garbage on the streets : E .¥¥ vocabulary guild = a group of businessmen who control a certain craft a person who taws skins Guild There are guilds for shoemakers, carpenters, hat makers, tailors, clock makers, and jewelers. The leading members of each guild, called master craftsmen. (some were women as well). The guilds set standards for things like product quality and training. - Guilds required would-be members to train for a certain number of years with a guild member. Most start out as apprentices when they were children, helping their master at work. When an apprentice proved himself/herself to be skillful in the craft, he/she would be promoted to journeyman. A journeyman was allowed to practice the trade in+he community and earn wages. A journeyman would work in this way for many years to prove himself/herself to be highly skilled in his/her craft and a reliable member of the guild. Finally, the journeyman could request that the guild raise him/her to the status of master. Farriers - the craftsmen who trimmed and maintained horses’ feet and fastened crude metal horseshoes É÷÷¥¥J LA ag•% , ÷¥É••%÷..÷•É vocabulary ( Part of the process of becoming a master require that the journeyman produce a masterpiece. ÷ - apprentice = a person who is learning a trade from a master craftsman - journeyman = a guild member who is considered qualified to work for wages in a particular trade - masterpiece = a perfect example of a finished product of some craft Women in the Mi ddle Ages Most men and women of this time were peasants and serfs. Women had the same hard lives as their fathers, husbands, and brothers. They had to haul water, plant crops, and care for animals. Although women had fewer job options than men, it was possible for women to go into business with their husbands. If their husbands died, they were allowed to continue to work. There were also some women who managed to start up their own businesses, even though it was not common. The creation of universities The first ones were started in Italy, England, and France. However, women were not allowed to attend. This made it impossible for women to be officially trained for careers in law or medicine. Women in convents, though, continued to learn and share knowledge. Certain convents trained women to teach young children and others trained women to provide health care and help families. Convent Leaders In the religious world of the Middle Ages, sending a daughter to a convent was considered an act of religious devotion. These girls who lived in convents were called nuns. ?_? During times of conflict, they helped to arrange peace agreements between warring nobles. Women in convents devoted their lives to prayer and to helping people. Frg Abbess who was the leader what did they do Convent Who could join? Girls, no matter they were from what kinds of family. ☐ However, their lives were different from the girls who came from wealthier families. The poorer girls worked in the kitchens and in the fields. interesting things — music composers - Hildegard of Bingen