Cognitive Neuroscience Lecture 5 PDF

Cognitive Neuroscience Cognitive neuroscience is a subfield of neuroscience that studies the biological processes that underlie human cognition, especially in regards to the relation between brain structures, activity, and cognitive functions. The purpose is to determine how the brain functions and...

Cognitive Neuroscience Cognitive neuroscience is a subfield of neuroscience that studies the biological processes that underlie human cognition, especially in regards to the relation between brain structures, activity, and cognitive functions. The purpose is to determine how the brain functions and achieves performance. The name was given by Michael Gazzaniga, considered the godfather of cognitive neuroscience, and George Miller, a founder of the field of Cognitive Psychology, coined the name “cognitive neuroscience” in 1977 while sitting in a cab… Why was this a new movement? Split brain research New technology becomes available to Psychologists EEG / ERP MEG PET fMRI, DTI, Computational modeling (fast computers) Neural networks Corpus Callosum Vicky: a split brain patient. Developments in Neuroscience: Hubel & Wiesel Responses of a directionally selective cell, striate cortex 9 This kind of research made a big difference Functions became more clear Pathways (connectivity) Testable (after some smart thinking) And… New ways to ‘look’ at the active brain EEG / ERP MRI and fMRI PET / CT MEG Practice Questions Which movement had its roots in animal research? Who is known as the discoverer of Classic Conditioning? Little Albert’s emotional response… what kind of conditioning was that, classic or operant? What was Thorndike’s puzzle box? Why was the Skinner box a big improvement? Who is seen as the most important person in the world of Operant Conditioning? Why was the rat Barnabus both a success as well as a problem for the behaviourists? What is meant by the Cognitive Revolution? What is meant by the Cognitive Neuroscience? Popper / Kuhn – how science works Noam Chomsky fMRI scanning Gestalt Psychology Medicine ß---------------Behaviorism------------à Functioinalism Structuralism Edwin Smith Papyrus - Imhotep Discovery of ventricles 3-cell doctrine Gall/Spurzheim: Phrenology Broca/Wernicke Fechner/Weber /Psychophysics 1860 Wundt / First lab / introspection 1879 Bishop Berkely John Locke Descartes Ibn al-Haytham Greeks Plato/Aristotle Physics trepanation Time line.. Psychology (as a science) 2000 1950 1900 1800 1000 0 Pre-hist. -3000 philosophy