4th Grade SS Unit1 PDF

Assessment: Chapter 1—“Early Humans and the Paleolithic World” A. On your own paper, write the letter that provides the best answer. 1. What was most likely the regular diet of the earliest hunter-gatherers? Select the two correct answers. (4.9) a) crops they planted b) domestic...

Assessment: Chapter 1—“Early Humans and the Paleolithic World” A. On your own paper, write the letter that provides the best answer. 1. What was most likely the regular diet of the earliest hunter-gatherers? Select the two correct answers. (4.9) a) crops they planted b) domesticated farm animals c) small animals they could find d) large animals they caught in traps e) wild plants they could pick 2. What climate conditions do scientists believe caused the earliest humans to migrate during the Paleolithic period? (4.10) a) ice ages b) warm winters c) severe floods d) intense storms 3. What occurred about sixty thousand to ninety thousand years ago? (4.1, 4.10) a) Humans began settling in large civilizations. b) Humans began migrating from Africa. c) Humans created rafts and boats. d) Herto Man lived. 4. Use the map to answer the question. ARCTIC OCEAN EUROPE 25,000 40,000 ASIA 100,000 70,000 PACIFIC AFRICA OCEAN INDIAN ATLANTIC 200,000 OCEAN 30,000 OCEAN N 50,000 Homo sapiens AUSTRALIA W E S 0 2,000 miles 1,500 Where did the first humans live? (4.6, 4.10) a) Australia b) Arabia c) Africa d) Asia TEACHER RESOURCES 35 5. What enabled early humans to come together and solve problems? (4.3) a) language b) bartering c) scavenging d) settling in villages 6. Why were human hunter-gatherers nomadic? (4.9) a) They scavenged. b) They were escaping ice storms. c) They followed migrating animals. d) They did not know how to build permanent homes. 7. Use the image to answer the question. How did hunter-gatherers use the tools shown in this image? (4.9) a) to travel long distances b) to make cave drawings c) to pick wild vegetation d) to hunt large animals 8. What kind of natural disaster pushed the first migrants to leave Africa? (4.10) a) There was a heat wave. b) There was an earthquake. c) There was extreme drought. d) There was widespread flooding. 36 PREHISTORY AND THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION 9. Use the map to answer the question. Which continent did humans reach by a now nonexistent land bridge? (4.6, 4.10) a) North America b) Australia c) Europe d) Asia 10. Use the image to answer the question. What does the photo of a Paleolithic cave painting suggest about how early humans lived? (4.2, 4.2.a, 4.9) a) They depended on animals for survival. b) They lived in caves with animals. c) They had advanced artistic skills. d) They spent all their time in caves. B. On your own paper, write a well-organized paragraph in response to the following prompt: Hunter-gatherers lived a nomadic lifestyle. Explain how this lifestyle led to migration out of Africa. Use evidence from the chapter to support your response. (4.3, 4.9. 4.10) TEACHER RESOURCES 37 Assessment: Chapter 2—“The Agricultural Revolution” A. On your own paper, write the letter that provides the best answer. 1. Where did the first permanent human settlements form? (4.11) a) India b) China c) Egypt d) Mesopotamia 2. Why did early humans find crops growing in the camps they returned to? (4.11) a) Grains were found in the wild everywhere. b) They had dropped seeds of grains the previous year. c) They had developed a system of agriculture to grow grains. d) Grains had naturally grown there without human involvement. 3. What was one effect of settling in one place? (4.11) a) Humans did not need tools for agriculture anymore. b) Humans lived in smaller communities. c) Humans built permanent homes. d) Humans had fewer children. 4. According to the chapter, “The Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, lasted from 10,000 BCE to 3000 BCE. This was a period of significant change for the people who lived during these times, as their entire way of life shifted.” How can the changes that happened during the Neolithic period be characterized? (4.11) a) People transitioned from agricultural societies to nomadic life. b) People transitioned from nomadic life to agricultural societies. c) People transitioned from not having language to having language. d) People transitioned from many civilizations to one global civilization. 5. What developed during the Neolithic period? Select the two correct answers. (4.11) a) large settlements b) migration across continents c) bartering and trade d) hunting with tools e) architecture 38 PREHISTORY AND THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION  Use the map to answer questions 6 and 7. 6. By which geographic feature were wild grains most likely to grow? (4.6) a) mountains b) deserts c) oceans d) rivers 7. Which happened first? a) specialization of society b) domestication of animals c) development of large civilizations d) domestication of plants and grains 8. What was one effect of the domestication of animals? (4.11) a) It led to the extinction of many species. b) It had no significant effect on human societies. c) It provided humans with reliable milk, food, and labor. d) It led to a decrease in human population due to the spread of disease from the animals. 9. What happened when farmers grew more crops than they could use in a season? (4.11) a) They burned the surplus. b) They built ways to store the surplus. c) They planted less the following year. d) They gave the surplus to their neighbors. TEACHER RESOURCES 39 10. Use the image to answer the question. What conclusion can we draw about the Neolithic people who created this vessel? (4.2, 4.2.a) a) They worshipped birds. b) They had longer, beak-shaped noses. c) They were advanced engineers who used modern technology to create pottery. d) They had a specialized society that allowed for the development of pottery and art. B. On your own paper, write a well-organized paragraph in response to the following prompt: How did the surplus of food, tools, weapons, and beads help spread ideas and knowledge? Make a claim and support it with relevant evidence from your reading and chapter activities. (4.5, 4.5.a, 4.5.c, 4.11) 40 PREHISTORY AND THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION Assessment: Chapter 3—“The Characteristics of Civilization” A. On your own paper, write the letter that provides the best answer. 1. Which of the following are characteristics of civilizations? Select the three correct answers. (4.12) a) tools b) infrastructure c) division of labor d) nomadic lifestyle e) organized government f) absence of specialization 2. Use the image to answer the question. This image shows cuneiform, or the characters used in ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia. What conclusion can be made about the people of Mesopotamia from this image? a) They sang many songs as part of their harvest celebrations. b) They had complex architecture. c) They had a shared language. d) They followed the same laws. TEACHER RESOURCES 41 3. Why do civilizations need a form of communication? (4.3, 4.12) a) People need communication to eat. b) Communication helps people play games. c) Communication allows for leaders to rule over civilizations. d) Communication allows people to work with one another and solve problems. 4. Use the image to answer the question. This Mesopotamian figure shows a person playing a harp. What conclusion can be made about the Mesopotamian civilization? (4.12) a) There were distinct social classes. b) They bartered for what they needed. c) There was a common language. d) They had a specialized civilization. 5. Why was it important for humans to domesticate plants? (4.3, 4.12) a) Domesticating plants allowed humans to develop new architecture. b) Domesticating plants allowed humans to develop reliable sources of food. c) Domesticating plants allowed humans to control poisonous plants to use as weapons. d) Domesticating plants helped humans control natural disasters like extreme weather. 42 PREHISTORY AND THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION 6. Use the map to answer the question. What geographical feature was common to the earliest civilizations? (4.6, 4.7) a) wood or oil for fuel b) level ground for buildings c) nearby rivers and floodplains d) nearby mountains with caves 7. What makes early civilizations unique compared to those that followed later? (4.4) a) Early civilizations were all similar. b) Early civilizations did not have a model to follow. c) Everyone grew their own food and had enough to eat. d) People came together from many different backgrounds. 8. How did early civilizations control floodwaters? (4.7, 4.12) a) waterfalls b) rainforests c) dams and canals d) seasonal migration 9. What advancement in technology allowed farmers to practice larger-scale agriculture? (4.3, 4.12) a) public transportation b) pottery wheel c) irrigation d) writing TEACHER RESOURCES 43 10. Use the image to answer the question. This carved stone from Mesopotamia records a gift of land from a king. What were early forms of writing like this used for? (4.2.a) a) land and other property records b) fiction stories c) report cards d) recipes B. On your own paper, write a well-organized paragraph in response to the following prompt: Which key characteristic of civilization was the most important in the development of civilization in the Fertile Crescent? Use evidence from the chapter to support your claim. 44 PREHISTORY AND THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION