WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols PDF Exercise Questions

„— WSSStudy Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 6.6 Flare-Groove Welds With the increasing use of hollow structural sections and circular or tubular profiles, the application of flare-groove welds has increased. There are two basic types of flare-groove welds; flare-bevel and flare-V. The weld symbols f...

„— WSSStudy Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 6.6 Flare-Groove Welds With the increasing use of hollow structural sections and circular or tubular profiles, the application of flare-groove welds has increased. There are two basic types of flare-groove welds; flare-bevel and flare-V. The weld symbols for these grooves also reflect the shape of the Jjoint that contains them (see Figure 40). There is no preparation involved for these grooves, as their curved configuration forms a natural Joint. 15(8)7 \_ - N 2 59] \ m Ø sã= (4) h : =S Radius of the bar rân B Group Industry Services - ai Flare-V and flare-bevel qroove welds ề N WSS d4 Guụide JS2.1 Ế Welding Symbols 7. Exercises Exercise 8 Draw the applicable welding symbol for the weld shown. Exercise 9 Draw the applicable welding symbol for the weld shown. 3⁄4 Page 47 Copyright © 2015 CWB Groùp Industry Services Y1 Ù 5/8 cwbgroup : CWBï WSS Study Guide JS2.1 SH) Welding Symbols Exercise 10 Draw the applicable welding symbol for the welds shown. h 21/8 Ỳ ~ =< ] 21/8 † Exercise 11 Draw the weld indicated by the welding symbol shown. 3⁄8 3⁄4 CWB Group Industry Services (ri soi nản WSS Study Guide JS2.1 | hi Welding Symbols Exercise 12 Draw the weld for the welding symbol shown. 11/4 "xu 3/8 1/4 (9/18) 1/4 (8/18) 3/8 Exercise 13 Select the applicable welding symbol for the groove weld shown. 60° Page 49 Copyright © 2015 ch Gröoup Industrv Services. cwbgroup WSS Study Guide JS2.1 - Welding Symbols Exercise 14 Select the applicable welding symbol for the groove welds shown. 3/8 a) 3/8 x 5/8 3/8 x 5/8 3/8 x 5/8 9) 5/8 x 3/8 3/8 x 5/8 d) 3/8 (5/8) 3/8 (5/8) Exercise 15 Draw the welding symbol for the weld shown. s Page 50 2015 CWB Group Industry Services ưng WSS li BI Gùide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Exercise 16 Select the applicable welding symbol for the groove welds shown. Exercise 17 Draw the applicable welding symbol for the welds shown. Radius S Page 51 Copyright Ø 2015 CWB Group Industry Services nn WSS Study Guide JS2.1 - CWBIï gui An Igitiatve of the Welding Symbols 8. Other Welds 8.1Plug Welds Plug welds are other types of welds produced by an electric arc welding process. Although not used as extensively as groove and fillet welds, they have found their own area of application in welded construction. A plug weld is a weld made in a circular hole in one member of a joint fusing that member to another member. Slot welds are made in an elongated hole and the hole may be open at one end. Fillet-welded holes do not conform to these definitions. Plug and slot welds share the same shape of weld symbol, which is represented by a rectangle, irrespective of whether the fusion faces inside the hole or slot are perpendicular or sloping. Arrow side holes to be plug welded are specified by placing the plug weld symbol below the reference line and other side holes are specified by placing the plug weld symbol above the reference line. +ợY.v.Ss.s$s.e Dimensions that must be identified are the: Diameter at the root Pitch (centre-to-centre distance) Angle of countersink Depth of fll The location of the elements of a plug welding symbol are shown in Figure 41. Page 52 L ] Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services WSS Study Guide JS2.1 cwbgroup Welding Symbols Plug diameter at the root Pitch (centre-to-centre distance) ˆ 7 Ø501201200 C ` 45 Angle of countersink trên Depth of filling when not complete Location oƒ the elements oƒ a plug welding symbol The plug welding symbol, dimensions and the finished plug weld are shown in Figure 42. Ø50| l G42 Group Industry S 200 l200 Z ` l Dimensioned plug weld and the finished weld TY nnn > ® WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Figures 43 shows the application of a plug weld symbol when combined with dimension lines and specified dimensions for diameter, depth of filling and the centre-to-centre spacing or pitch. In this example, the plug weld size is 40 mm diameter, the depth of ñill is 16 mm and the pitch is 160 mm. 1 \ 1600 9 @ 160 = 1440 ¬ Detail A Required welds ĐEEHA. 40) .- 18 Ø40 160 This note is optional —v œI. l=< c 25 | 100 : = 1800 ⁄ 1440 \ ` Lastplug ⁄ } mã 200 .—kk|Ÿ: Ậ Ầ : 100 GeIIIIIIIIIg Ạ gi G LÍ Ÿ DetailA Elevation Symbol and dimensioning mà roup Industry S: Plug weld example l« 9E L © | | WSS Study Guide JS2.1 ~ Welding Symbols 8.2 Slot Welds Slot Weld Example #1 What is the required depth of fill for this slot weld? 5@8=3-4" 4 1 —L-LI s 12L/T\ 1 |. E L 443.17... TY. vịiỊ| 1/2 v, Detail A trêm Page55 | Copyright © 2015 cứ Group Industry Services Slot weld depth of Fll + 3% | ị 3/4 SectionB-B — ¡ 1⁄2 Ậ cwbgroup WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols The depth of ñill for the slot weld is 1/2" as shown. 3⁄4 4 NA ự 12L/T\ II LỊ| 4.3 l | Ê 1 5@8z3-4' † | 3⁄4 — 3/4 YJ|i 1/2 ï ¬~ Detail A i45, Page 56 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Slot weld depth oƒ fill ønswer. ì Là SectionB-B WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Slot Weld Example #2 What is the pitch of these slot welds? Si HE ] Cu ag Detail A FG.46i Slot weld pitch Page 57 | Cdpyright © 2015 CB Grdup Industry Se 5@8z3-4" 4 -] ke: 4 —¬ 7-02)45 3/4 3⁄4 354 ị LI ĩ SectionB-B ¡ 1/2 WSS Study Guide JS2.1 S Welding Symbols The pitch is 8" and there are 5 spaces between the 3' 4" distance. 3/4 4 —t 5@8=3-4' 4 1/2 —¬*"ị 3/4 See Detail A 1 B 1. 121 cEEF UUTIIDTIO B | 4 Ÿ TL ị x l Detail A rân ® Page 8 58 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Slot weld pitch answer 427 ¬ ị hoi SectionB-B 1/2 on WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Slot Weld Example #3 What is the length of this slot weld? 4 5@8=3:-4" 4 L L⁄ S 3/4 1/2 —*"| =m- 3/4 See Detail A 1 L1, 15L/T\ B¬ 4 || 5 B † LỊ| L 1 ị † 34 3/4 ị Ý 172LV ï la p| Ắ Page 59 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services CÁ [z2 ) | ection B SectionBu Detail A riG.46| ( | Slot weld length - B ® WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols The length of the slot weld is 4” 3/4 4 Ỉ —¬5 5@8=3-4 4 1/2 mm 3/4 See Detail A 1 7¬ 1 = ⁄¬N mm l< NI Detail A FG45: ® Page 8 60 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Slot weld length answer SectionB- B ni WSS Study Guide JS2.1 cwbgroup Welding Symbols 8.3 Arc Spot Welds A spot weld is a weld made between or upon overlapping members in which coalescence may start and occur on the faving surfaces or may proceed from the outer surface of one member. The weld cross section (plan view) is approximately circular” This type of weld does not require a prepared hole or slot and can be made by several welding processes. +.s.ssse The welding information shown in an arc spot welding symbol includes: Weld symbol Weld size (diameter) Pitch (centre-to-centre distance) Number of spots The location of the elements of a spot welding symbol and the completed weld are shown in Figures 50 and 51. When arc spot welds are required in specific locations, they must be identified on the drawing. Diameter of the arc spot Ptoh Number of arc spots mm Locgtion oƒ the elements oƒ an arc spot welding symbol 2 WSSStudy Guide JS2.1 nusn, Welding Symbols 400 G.sii Completed arc spot weld 8.4 Stud Welds Stud welding is the joining of a metal stud or similar part to a workpiece. Welding may be accomplished by arc, resistance, friction or other process with or without external gas shielding. Arc stud welding is the most widely used process. The stud symbol is always placed below the reference line and the arrow of the welding symbol points to the surface to which the stud is to be welded. ^ The dimensions required in the welding symbol are the size, spacing and the number of studs, all placed on the same side of the reference line as the stud weld symboil. ~ The required diameter of the stud is specified to the left of the weld symboil. - The centre-to-centre pitch or spacing of stud welds in a straight line is specified to the right of the weld symbol. The spacing of welds in any configuration other than a straight line must be dimensioned on the drawing. WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols The number of required stud welds is placed in parentheses below the stud weld symbol. Size Spacing 3/8 DÔ 4 (6) , Number niG.52| Locotion oƒ the elements oƒ a stud welding symbol An example of the desired weld and the corresponding stud welding symbol is shown in Figure 53. The stud weld size or diameter is 12 mm, the pitch is 80 mm and seven studs are required. ml °r “Im la. 5| | | Z⁄ 60 Required welds riG.s3| Stud welding example Page 63 Copyright >ì 40 ⁄ | l Ạ I L I Symbol =— —, WSSStudy GuideJS2.1 Welding Symbols 8.5 Surfacing As Ïts name implies, a surfacing weld is applied to a surface. A build up of surfaces may be required for a number of reasons including: $ $ $ Correction of dimensions Providing a transition between different metals Providing corrosion- or wear-resistance The characteristics of a surfacing weld are shown in Figure 54. The area on which the surfacing weld is to be deposited is identified by the arrow pointing to ït with the surfacing symbol always placed below the reference line. The required thickness is specified to the left of the weld symboil. FRequired welds riG.54] 5 CWB Group Industry Services Surfacing weld symbol Symbol WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 8.6 Brazed Joints Brazing Ïs a process for joining solid metals in close proximity by heating them to the brazing temperature in the presence of the filler metal.” A brazing operation that involves no preparation except cleaning requires only the reference line, the arrow and the identification of the brazing process in the tail of the welding symbol as shown in Figure 55. N K5 > _¬ mu gam + ĩ The brazing process, in this case torch brazing (TB), must be shown in the tail of the symbol. Required brazing riG.55| rqup Industry Services Brdzing symbol Symbol WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 9. Nondestructive Examination The examination methods and their corresponding letter designation used on symbols are shown in Table 1. Examination methods Letter designation Acoustic emission AET Eddy current ET Leak lun Magnetic particle MT Neutron radiographic NRT Penetrant PT Proof PRT Radiographic ET Ultrasonic ùĩ Visual VT mm @ Page 66 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Examination method letter designations | | WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 10. Introduction to ISO 2553 The intent of this introduction to ISO 2553 is to present a basic outline of the ISO welding symbols, their features and applications. ISO 2553, Welding and gllied processes — Symbolic representation on drawings — Part 1: Welding, identifies two sụstems; system A and system B. The two systems should not be mixed. Both systerÉs have the same intent and that is to enable communication between the designer and others in the production chain (drafting, welding engineering, supervising, hands-on welding, examination and inspection personnel). However, the pathways to achieving that communication goal differ in some concepts and details. In system A, the reference line consists of two parallel lines: a continuous straight line and a dashed, identified line as shown in Figure 56 (a). The dashed line may be drawn above or below but parallel to the continuous line. The dashed line represents the other side of the joint to where the arrowhead is pointing. In system B as shown in Figure 56 (b), the reference line is a continuous straight line. Page 67 Copyright © 2015 cm Grolip Industry Services : CWBI WSS Study Guide JS2.1 An EEESHOEBEEEE cwbgroup Welding Symbols | / † a5 V m 4x 100 m J (200) ` rR .- | 4063-111 6b \ \ ; ⁄4Z/ANN —— ý .~ VY a5 đẳng 4063-111 4x 100 (200) 4...1 (a) System A welding symbol \\ 2 4 (b) System B welding symbol Key 1 Elementary symbol (fillet weld) 2 3 4 5 6a 6b Supplementary symbol (concave contour) Complementary indications (field weld, weld all-around, reference) Dimensions (fillet weld size, number and spacing) Tail Reference line (continuous line) Identification line (dashed line) - System A only FiG.56] Examples oƒ ISO 2553 welding symbols san WSS Study Guide JS2.1 iniie 0 cwbgroup Welding Symbols Both welding symbols shown designate the same weld: +.sŸ+ess.óso..ssse 5 mm throat thickness fillet welds with concave profile Welded on the arrow side of the joint 4 welds 100 mm in length 200 mm spacing between welds Welded-all-around Field welds Welded using process 111 in accordance with ISO 4063 Examples of how to designate welds on the arrow side and other side of the joint for systems A and B are shown in Figures 57 to 60. System A 2305 24M0 se. Illustration of welding symbol Arrow side System B welding symhol Ế IZ ủ; . 1. Fillet ] hanL øn : of side mm Arrow side and other side oƒ fillet welds System A .. vi 56 hong xe Page 69 Copyright © 2 Illustration of Z4: System B ng maạm. Other side rm Ti ¬ li Arrow side and other side oƒ butt welds oi mg ng ti| WSS Study GuideJS2.1 Welding Symbols System A _ ngàng Hlustration of System B welding symbol ng øØ Arrow side mm Arrow side and other side oƒ plug welds Weld type %P 4.Slot FG.60i Group Industry Services Arrow RE System A Illustrationi of welding symBol weld lo} g Arrow side and other side oƒ slot welds stem B welding symbol WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols For butt welds, when only the edge of one joint member is to be prepared, the arrow shall have a break and point toward that member as shown in Figure 61. The arrow need not be broken ïf ït is obvious which member is tơ be prepared. The arrow shall not be broken if there is no preference as to which member is to be prepared. System Á welding symbol NOTE: Illustration of weld Dashed reference line not required for symmetrical welds mm Examples oƒ the use oƒ broken qrrow lines System B welding symbol WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Asymmetrical Welds The elementary symbols shall be arranged symmetrically on the reference line when used to represent symmetrical welds. Examples of the use of welding symbols to designate asymmetrical welds are shown in Figure 62. Dimensions shall be specified on the same side of the reference line as the associated weld symbol. In general, letters are not to be included with dimensions on drawings unless otherwise stated, e.g. fillet welds and the symbols ạ (throat thickness), z (leg length) and s (deep penetration welds). System A Illustration of System B welding symbol" weld welding symbol sex TK in z3 mm * Asymmetrical welds are always to be dimensioned regarđless if they are partial or full penetration welds. tràn 5 CWB Group Industry Services Examples oƒ welding symbols for asymmetrical welds WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Fillet Weld Dimensioning The symbol ø, throat thickness, or z, leg length, shall be placed in front of the dimension to the left of the weld symboil. The throat thickness, a, is measured as the height of the largest isosceles triangle that can be inscribed in the section of the finalized weld measured from the joint root. For filiet welds with unequal leg lengths the symbols Z, and Z, are used where: Z, = leg length measured on the contiguous member of the joint Z, = leg length measured on the non-contiguous (cross) member of the Jjoint For fillet welds made on both sides of a joint, the dimensions of both welds shall be specified even ïf they are identical. Weld type IIlustration of kưôn Comments a, throat thickness = height of the largest isosceles triangle that can be inseribed in the section Fillet z, leg length = side of the largest Isosceles triangle that can be inscribed in the section Deep ¿ N Penetraiion fillet weld Sa| xe Có unequal tàn ĩ riG.G3| Page 73 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Serv Fillet weld dimensions penetration fillst weld Z., leg length measured on the contiguous member of the joint Eillet - leg lengths s, throat thickness of the deep A2 N 1 ] Z.leg length measured on the noncontiguous (cross) member of the joint WSS Study Guide JS2.1 A cwbgroup Welding Symbols For intermittent welds, the dimension of the spacing between the welds, (e), shall be placed in parentheses after the length dimension. The number of intermittent welds required, n, shall be placed in front of the length dimension. lf no number is specified, intermittent welds shall be made along the whole length of the Joint. Chaïn intermittent welds made on both sides of the Joint shall include information concerning the length, spacing and number of welds for both sides of the joint. Staggered intermittent welds made on both sides of the joint, shall be designated using the “Z” symbol across the reference line. In the absence of any information concerning the offset, the centres of the welds on one side of the joint shall correspond with the centres of the gaps on the Opposite side of the joint. Otherwise, the offset shall be specified in the tail or elsewhere. Welýd lllustrafion of type weld uc: si RE (te) (te) | |nx!(e) l Chain Intermittent nx:(e) m | = length of weld (without end craters) (e) = distance between weld elermnents 4 n = number of weld elernents NOTE: No dimension to the left of the . weld symbol indicates the welds shall be full penetration. Staggered Intermittent butl FiG.64: Intermittent fillet welds nxJ nx// ƒ (e) ĩ (e) WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Examples of how to dimension flare V butt welds are shown in Figure 65. Weld IIlustration of Mật ư Ệ ng Flare V s= throat thickness, the minimum distance from the surface of the part to the bottom of the penetration. h=distancs from point of tangency to top of member FiG.65| Flare V butt weld WB Grpup Industr WSS Study Guide JS2.1 se Welding Symbols Exercise 1 E - & › {] g ®j KÏ ® Answers w —+ w—— Zố s18 58D 5/16 Exercise 2 1/4 | | | | 3/8 1⁄4 3/8 3/8 1/4 oR N 3/8 1/4 Exercise 3 5/16 3/8 1/4 3/18 MU đ 3/8 516 Page 76 - Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Exercise 4 Exercise 7 Answers | THẦN 3 12 | l& Exercise 5 (a) Exercise 6 (d) Exercise 7 (b) Exercise 8 (1/2) ki Page 77 Copyright Ø 2015 CWB Group Industry Services J4 g M — (CWBi „ K> WSS Study GuideJS2.1 scorn Welding Symbols Exercise9 sE 9) Exercise Answers xe pin l¬—ro—-| Exercise 10 |<4—w›—>=~ ồ Exercise 11 Page 78 15 CWB Group Industry Services Y 25 21/8 cwbgroup WSS LuI |CWBIi Guide JS2.1 FS Welding Symbols Exercise 12 Exercise Ans 11⁄4 ers 3/6 1/4 (9/18) 1/4 (9/16) 3/8 3⁄8 3/8 1/4 ——* L N 9/16 Exercise 13 (a) Exercise 14 (d) Page 79 Copyright © 2015 T Grbup Industry Services 9/16 =— 1⁄4 ; i cwbgroup WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Exercise 15 rã ® : Exercise ` Answers Exercise 16 (d) Exercise 17 ⁄ xi. Radius S —.ị ® Page 80 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services =W¬Áâ 5 | WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols The following are sample multiple choice questions. The answer key is on page 87. CWB Group Industry 1. Choose the correct welding symbol for the weld shown. 2. Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. „. WSSStudy Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 3. Choose the correct welding symbol for the weld shown. 4. Choose the correct welding symbol for the weld shown. Exam = mi (3) c({c m ý. Exercise ˆ = Page32 @© 2015 CWB Group Industry Services a) ⁄ b) ⁄ 9 x : mm | WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 5. Exam Exercise | r ạ) ˆ BACKWELD GTSM ⁄ 6. Copyrig Choose the correct welding symbol for the weld shown. Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 7. Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. Exam 50 - 150 50- -1 150 8) Exercise S0 - 100 150mm _¡ L.50mm _¡ L.5ömm | b) | c) 150mm |] 150 50 150 150 mm ] Ỉ d) 8. s0 ⁄ NI 50- 150 Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. 10x16 a) 10x16 10x16 b) zỡ c) ⁄ d) ⁄^ 10x18 › ‹ : 4 16 (10) 10(16) 10(16) CWB Group Industry Services 10/6) > Welding Symbols HẠ 9. Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. 50 - 150 8) ⁄ L 50 150 150 50 g) 10. Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. 50- 300 a) 150mm 300 mm 50-300 Ị b) li 50 (300) 50 x 300 d) Page 85 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services 50x 300 WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Complete the answer sheet and compare the results with the answer key. lf you score less than 70%, we suggest you re-study the material. Please circle only ONE letter corresponding to the answer you think is Lại ch ơn X” 8M PB. Em ~ cm o mm E ©o m Hữ) ¬ cơ cm th Ô ơØ ơ ở x X T†©+> c Ln] correct. m most Page 86 Copyright Ø 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Mu G PS VPĐOUI ; DO ;m VPOS œ mm mm Lại lễ ơv V5 ơ hy ớ mm it m .o + ơi mơ 1O — [œ) 8ä .“- The answer sheet below is provided for your use in the event that you wish to retest yourself. WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols = o t‹@ mù << PO mổ CD TS Answer Key WSS Study CWBI SCori n Guide./s2.1 no — so OÁ Welding Symbols WSS Revision Log = Revision # Revision Date Revision Details Update 1.2 2018-06-05 In Welding Supervisor Steel books, the CWB logos have been updated to the new ones, some illustrations and text have been revised as follows: JS2.1 Intermediate Welding Symbols $ Page 53, Figure 41 was revised $ Page 54, Figure 43 was revised WD2.1 Intermediate Weld Discontinuities $ Page 33, Figure 26 was revised $ Page 68, Answer to #8 was changed to (a) Wwelding Supervisor Steel Course Background Material $ Page 20, 29 and 41 Figures were revised $ Page 50 was deleted as ït was the same as page 48 W47.1 Study Guide, Workshop and Procedure Guide WXE1.1 CSA Standard W47.1-09 (reaffirmed 2014) $ Page 57, the answer to question 34 was changed to “b” WXE1.2 CSA Standard W47.1-09 (regffirmed 2014) $ Page 2, three more Annexes were added WXE1.3 CSA Standard W47.1-09 (reaffirmed 2014) $ $ $ Page5,8,9,11, 13, ,22, 25, 29, 40 and 49 Figures were revised Page 20, minor text revision Page 31, 33, 35, 58 and 59 Figures were revised W59 Studv Guide & Workshop WXE2.1 CSA Standard W59-13 $ $ $ s Page 68 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Page 19 and 33 minor text additions Question #56, in Section 3 has been changed The answer to Question #56, in Section 4 has been changed to “a” WSS li Guide JS2.1 °: Welding Symbols cwbgroup WSS Revision Log Revision # Revision Date Revision Details Update 1.3 2018-09-4 In Welding Supervisor Steel books, some illustrations and text have been revised as follows: 1S2.1 Intermediate Welding Symbols $ Page 42, Figure 36; Page 46, Figure 40 and Figure on page 49 were revised WC2.1 Intermediate Quality Control and Inspection Methods $ Page 34, Figure 27 and Page 35 Figure 28 were revised WD2.1 Intermediate Weld Discontinuities $ Table 2, Figure 23, Figure 25 and Figure 32 were revised. Welding Supervisor Steel Course Background Material $ Figures on pages 20, 38 and 40 were revised. Page 40, minor text revision. $ Wa47.1 Study Guide, Workshop and Procedure Guide WXE1.3 CSA Standard W47.1-09 (reaffirmed 2014) $ Figures on pages 27, 31 and 34 were revised. W59-18 Study Guide 8 Workshop WXE2.1 CSA Standard W59-18 - Study Guide $ Page 19, 20, 28, minor text revisions. Page 30, answer 79f was revised WXE2.1 CSA Stundard W59-18 - Workshop CWB Group Industry Services $ Updated page number references to match W59-18 new Standard. $ Page 20, 22, 27 and 30, minor text revisions.