WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols PDF

WSS Study Guide JS2.1 BI An ò Welding Symbols Table of Contents Intermediate Welding Symbols Introduction 4 Lesson 1 Objectives 5 1. Fundamental Concepts 5 1.1 6 2. 1.2 Supplementary Weld Symbols 10 Welding Symbols 11 Types of Joints and Welds 14 2.1 Types of Joints 14 2.2:...

WSS Study Guide JS2.1 BI An ò Welding Symbols Table of Contents Intermediate Welding Symbols Introduction 4 Lesson 1 Objectives 5 1. Fundamental Concepts 5 1.1 6 2. 1.2 Supplementary Weld Symbols 10 Welding Symbols 11 Types of Joints and Welds 14 2.1 Types of Joints 14 2.2: Types of Welds 16 2.2.1. 16 Copyright 5 CWE Group Industry Services Groove Weld 2.2.2. Fillet Weld 2.2.3 Plugand Slot Welds °. 20 20 2.2.4 Surfacing Weld 21 3. Arrow 5ide/Other Side 22 4. Fillet Welds 24 4.1 Equal Leg Size 25 4.2 Unequal Leg Size 25 5. ® WeldSymbols 1.3 4.3 Intermittent Fillet Welds 27 4.31 Basiclntermittent Fillet VWelds 28 4.3.2 Chain Intermittent Fillet Welds 28 4.3.3 Staggered Intermittent Fillet Welds 29 Exercises Initiative of thẻ cwbgroup 30 WSS Study Guide JS2.1 - Welding Symbols cwbgroup Table of Contents Intermediate Welding Symbols Lesson 2 Objectives 35 6. 35 Groove Welds 6.1 Backgouging 37 6.2 Partial Joint Penetration Groove Welds 6.3 Combined Welding Symbols 38 42 44 45 46 6.4 Bevel Edge Preparations 6.5 6.6 Multiple Reference Lines Flare-Groove Welds 7 Exercises 47 8. Other Welds 52 8.1 Plug Welds 52 8.2 SlotWelds 55 8.3 Arc Spot Welds 61 8.4 Stud Welds 62 8.5 Surfacing 64 8.6. Brazed Joints 65 9... Nondestructive Examination 10. Introduction to ISO 2553 67 Exercise Answers 76 Exam 81 Exercise Answer Key Page 3 Copyright Ø© 2015 CWB Group Industry Services 66 87 5 WSS Study Guide1s2.1 cwbgroup Welding Symbols Introduction This publication has been prepared primarily to assist personnel qualify as welding supervisors under the provisions of CSA Standard W47.1, Certification oƒ companies for the ƒusion welding oƒ steel. Other personnel, such as welding inspectors, engineers and those responsible for quality will find this publication beneficial. lt contains background information on welding symbols referenced in Canadian and International Standards. This document is not intended to replace study courses, reference books or other pertinent technical literature that supervisors are encouraged to read. 15 CWBE Group Industrv Services WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Objectives Lesson 1 2ợsossee®e After completing this lesson you should be able to: Identify the different types of joints and welds Describe the key elements of a welding symbol Explain the concept of the arrow side and other side of a joint Describe the symbols used for continuous and intermittent fillet welds 1. Fundamental Concepts Welding symbols are a universal system of signs, rules and conventions for conveying and placing information on drawings. They are intended to facilitate communication between the designer, fabrication and inspection personnel and provide the means for graphical representation of welds, brazes and nondestructive examination on drawings. The symbols do not eliminate the need for appropriate interaction between the design, drafting and production personnel and any issues should be resolved before production starts. To avoid costly redesign and/ Or repairs, symbols must be understood and used. It is important that all relevant personnel in the manufacturing chain be trained and familiarized with the concepts and application of welding symbols. Kêm Typical welding symbol There are three standard terms in welding symbols terminology that need to be clearly understood. They are: IE Group Industry Services. $ Weldsymbols $ $ Supplementarv symbols Welding symbols An Iniiative of the WSS Study Guide JS2.1 cwbgroup Welding Symbols 1.1 Weld Symbols Weld symbols designate and graphically identify each type of weld. The shape of the weld symbol is drawn to reflect the configuration of the fusion faces, as seen in vertical cross section of the Joint. This is illustrated for fillet, plug and groove welds in Figure 2. Filiet weld : LT `N Plug or slot weld V-groove weld Back or backing weld KrÊm Page 6 ) 2015 CWB Group Industry Services &.W.. Weld symbols for fillet, plug or slot, V-groove and back or backing welds WSS Study Guide JS2.1 cwbgroup Welding Symbols The weld symbols and corresponding welds for bevel-groove, square-groove, U-groove and J-groove welds are shown in Figure 3. Single-bevel-groove weld 1 200) Bevel groove Single-square-groove weld Square groove Weld symbols ƒor bevel, square, Single-U-groove weld Single-J-groove weld U- and J-groove welds ninigatlve öf the WSS Study GuideJS2.1 Welding Symbols The weld symbols and corresponding welds for flare-groove, surfacing and arc spot welds are shown in Figure 4. ni: Single-Flare-V- la | | groove weld Single-flare-bevelgroove weld ẵ ) Surfacing welds Arc spot weld Weald symbols for flare-qroove, surfacing and arc spot welds There ïs one important convention that must be observed for welding symbols containing one vertical line. This line must always be on the left-hand side of the weld symbol. The weld symbols shown in Figure 5 are incorrect because the vertical line is to the right of weld symbol. 4a : Kê 015 CWB Group Industi Incorrect weld smbols WSS Stud ỳ Guide JS2.1 l2 Welding Symbols cwbgroup The types of welds covered by AWS A2.4, Standard Symbols ƒor Welding, Brazing and Nondestructive Examindtion and the corresponding basic weld symbols are shown ïn Figure 6. Groove Welds Scarf* Bevel -K° U J Flare-V .x.I..Y.L.¬z= z. ; Fillet .R. Plug Flare-Bevel .-iz. ⁄ZV' ] IV Slot Spotor Priggtgn gl__. ø_Í. Back or Backing u.HR r7: Surfacing x¬@ * Used predominantly in brazed joints G6] 4| Grobp Industry Services Bqsic weld symbols An initiative of the WSS Study Guide JS2.1 cwbgroup Welding Symbols 1.2 Supplementary Weld Symbols Supplementary symbols are always used in conjunction with a welding symbol and provide additional information to complete the weld. Examples are shown in Figures 7 and 8. Weld-all-around f È Page 10 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry N Field weld Supplementary symbols for weld-ali-around, fillet weld and melt-through | WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Backing Contour - flat . HH —mx: x= Contour - convex Km Supplementary symbols ƒor backing and ƒor ƒlot, convex and concave weld contours. 1.3 Welding Symbols Welding symbols provide information with respect to the geometry of preparation, fit-up and welding of joints. There are three key elements; the arrow, the reference line and the tail (see Figure 9). However, only the reference line and the arrow are required elements, as the welding information may be conveyed by other means sụch as drawing notes or details, specifications, standards, codes or other drawings. These other means eliminate the need to include the corresponding elements in the welding symbol. Page 11 Cepyright © 2015 CV Group Industry Servi co WSS Study Guide JS2.1 . An migative of the cwbgroup Welding Symbols Reference line N ⁄ ArrOw < Pà Arrowhead Kê Key elements oƒ a welding symbol $2$.+vss$ The tail of the symbol is typically used for specifving: Welding, brazing and cutting process Specification Procedure Supplementary information The process data may include filler metal, backgouging, peening or other operations and other pertinent data that should be known. The notation placed in the tail dealing with this data is normally established by the user. All the basic elements of a typical welding symbol, including reference to supplementary symbols and their specific, designated locations are shown in Figure 10. The reference to a designated location does not imply mandatory use in every welding symbol. The arrow of the welding symbol must point to a line, location or area that specifically identifies the joint, location, or area to be welded. ® Page 12 Copyright Ø2: CWB Group Industry Services WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Finish symbol Contour symbol Effective throat depth of flling for plug and slot welds . Groove angle; included angle of countersink for plug welds Depth of preparation; size or strength for certain welds — "ong ghgg Pitch (centre-to-centre /⁄x of welds / ` /fs ⁄] =% 8 } VN T Tail Weld-all-around symbol Ñme NA lm uế Field weld symbol Specification, process, Or other HH (omitted when reference not used) Root opening; “ {§ Basic weld symbol or detail reference | Reference line ! ÑN Arrow connecting reference line to arrow Ngôber of sgối, ghùả, arrow side of joint Ạ or projection welds side member of joint or Elements in this area remain as shown when tail and arrow are reversed mm Page 13 Copyright Ø 2015 CWB Group Industry Standard location oƒ the elements oƒ a welding symbol — WsSS Study h Khi GuideJs2.1 Welding Symbols Anialiusvr sĩ te cwbgroup ; 2. Types of Joints and Welds 2.1 Types of Joints In order to khow how to apply and read welding symbols, ït is necessary to understand the meaning of joints, their types and the applicable welds. AWS A3.0, Welding Terms and Definitions, define a joint as the ]unction of members or the edges of members that are to be or have been joined. The junction of members describes the area of common contact between the two members as shown in Figure 11. The assembly on the right-hand side of Figure 11 consists of three plates. How many joints are there? Select your answer from the following and then read below for the correct answetr: m ra Page 14 Copyright © 2015 CWE Group Industn $ $ Onejoint only Twöojoints $ $ Three]oints Fourjoints WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Answers and comments on the answers One Joint only - No. You are thinking of one assembly that after welding will form one weldment. A weldment is an assembly whose component parts are joined by welding. Two Joints - This answer is correct. The three plates form two joints. The actual joint is the faying area in contact with the centre plate. Three Joints - No. You are considering three plates, which form part of the assembily. Four Joints - No. Perhaps you are considering each side of the joint. For example, there are four sides where fillet welds could be made. However, these are only two areas of faying surfaces. There are five basic joints, although many variations of these result from the manner of preparation and assembly. These five joints shown ïn Figure 12, are termed butt joint, corner joint, T-joint, lap joint and edge Joint. Corner joint Butt Joint Lap Joint Edgs joint ràn The ƒive basic joints „-, WSSStudy Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols - 2.2 Types of Welds The three basic types of welds are: $ Grooveweld $ $ Fillet weld Plugand slot welds 2.2.1 Groove Weld A groove weld is defined as a weld made in the groove between two members to be joined. There are many different shapes of grooves. Figure 13 shows one type of groove weld. T- G13 A groove weld Groove welds can be classified as shown in Figure 14: In terms of efficiency: $ complete joint penetration groove welds (CJP) $ partal joint penetration groove welds (PJP) In terms of shape: $ $ $ $ $ $ $ E Page 16 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Square Bevel JFlare-bevel Flare —V WSS Study Guide JS2.1 nang sre cwbgroup Welding Symbols 1. Groove welds Shape Double Single Square lu Sợ." "52 0/98 Efficiency .—_ 1. Complete joint penetration 2. Partial joint penetration v J- Flare V- mm Page 17 Copyright © 2( Grdup Industry Se 593 '0/%e, gup 4/98 đi PL Classification of groove welds Pa An iniiapve of thế WSS Study Guide JS2.1 : cwbgroup' Welding Symbols Groove welds may be single- or double-sided as shown in Figures 15A and 15B. Single-square-groove weld Single-bevel-groove weld Single-V-groove weld Single-V-groove weld (with backing) Single-J-groove weld Single-U-groove weld Single-flare-bevel groove weld Single-flare-V-groove weld rằm Group Indust Single-sided groove welds WSS Studv Guide JS2.1 An Ininarive of the cwbgroup Welding Symbols Double-square-groove weld Double-bevel-groove weld Double-V-groove weld Double-J-groove weld Double-U-groove weld Double-flare-bevel-groove weld trêm Double-sided groove welds Double-flare-V-groove weld WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 2.2.2 Fillet Weld Afillet weld is a weld of approximately triangular cross-section joining two surfaces approximately at right angles to each other in a lap Jjoint, T-Joint or corner joint as shown in Figure 16. Corner joint EG.16] Fillet welds 2.2.3 Plug and Slot Welds A plug weld is a weld made in a circular hole in one member of a joint fusing that member to another member. A slot weld is similar to a plug weld except that the hole is elongated (see Figure 17). In preparation for plug and slot welds, holes or slots are made ïn the upper plate. On thinner material, welds can be made without holes or slots and are called arc spot and arc seam welds. In these welds the upper sheet is melted and fused to the lower sheet. roup Industry Services WSS Studÿ Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Plug weld FiG.17| Plug and slot welds 2.2.4 Surfacing Weld All welds are composed of one or more weld beads, a bead being a single run or pass of weld metal. A weld bead or beads may be applied to a surface, as opposed to making a joint, to obtain the desired properties or dimensions. These surfacing welds are shown in Figure 18. Loader bucket Drill collar nG. 18) Surfocing welds Post Hole Auger Teeth _- WSs Study GuideJs2.1 Welding Symbols 3. Arrow Side/Other Side When reviewing a welding symbol, the first step is the locate the joint. This is the area of common contact between the members to be welded and is identified by the arrow. The second step is to look for the information connected to the reference line. The arrow side of the joint is the side to which the arrow points. The opposite side is the other side of the Joint. Figure 19 illustrates the arrow side and the other side of a fillet weld. Other side Arrow side ng WB Group Industry Services s Illustrgon of the arrow side and the other side oƒ a ƒiliet weld WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols The other side of a joint is determined by following the joint line from the arrow side to the other side as shown in Figure 20. Arrow side Other side Arrow side Other side ri. 20, Arrow side and other side oƒ a butt and lap joint Another example of the arrow side and the other side of a joint with weld dimensions is shown in Figure 21. TYP tim Page 23 Copyright © 2015 CWB Grơi Example oƒ the arrow side and other side oƒ a joint TYP An ininative of the WSS Study GuideJS2.1 cwbgroup Welding Symbols 4. Fillet Welds The fillet weld size must be shown for each weld symbol on the same side of the reference line as the weld symbol. The size must appear to the left of each weld symbol. When the fillet welds are on both sides of the joint, their sizes must be specified whether the dimensions are identical or different. FiG.22. 15 CWB Group Industry Services Fillet weld size WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 4.1 Equal Leg Size When the weld size is indicated on the welding symbol both leg sizes are equal. _ mm s 12mm Equdl leg fillet welds 4.2 Unequal Leg Size Designers may require the leg sizes to be different and this must be identified on the welding symbol. The size of the fillet weld, S, with unequal legs is also specified to the left of the welding symboil. For clarity, the weld orientation is shown on the drawing and not the symbol. tâm Page 25 Cdpyright © 201: Unequdl leg filiet welds 15 B An tniiarive øÍ up WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols II —“Á Required weld Symbol (a) Fillet weld in hole (or slot) 1/4 3⁄16 FRequired welds Symbol (b) Double-fillet weld symbol for one Joint 1/4 3⁄16 3/8 5/16 FRequired welds Symbol (c) Double-fillet weld symbols for two joints riG.25] Application oƒ filiet weld symbols A A thị | | WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 4.3 Intermittent Fillet Welds There are three types of intermittent filiet welds, with the last two being double fillet welds: 1. 2. 3. Basicintermittent fillet welds, applicable to a single line of fillet welds Chain intermittent fillet welds Staggered intermittent fillet welds lf a fillet weld extends for the full length of the joint there is no need to specify the length on the welding symbol. The lengths and position of the fillet welds are placed next to the filiet weld symbol - the size to the left and length or pitch to the right. The pitch of intermittent fillet welds is defined as the distance between the centres of adjacent weld segments on one side of the joint and is specified to the right of the length dimension on the symbol. If the arrow side and the other side of the joint are to be welded using Iintermittent filiet welds, a pitch must be designated for each side or line ofwelds. The symbols and dimensions for intermittent fillet welds are shown in Figure 26. Weld size 10. 75150. Z 10 N ⁄2 75-150 Weld length G26] ) 2015 4| Grobp Indus ⁄ Intermittent ƒiliet weld symbols Âu, pitch WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 4.3.1 Basic Intermittent Fillet Welds The basic intermittent fillet weld has one line of welds. 4.3.2 Chaïn Intermittent Fillet Welds The distinguishing characteristic of chain intermittent fillet welds is the alignment of weld segments, which must be opposite one another across the Jjoint as shown in Figure 27. rèm Chain intermittent ƒillet welds ni WSS Study Guide JS2.1 VI Welding Symbols nininutie g cwbgroup 4.3.3 Staggered Intermittent Fillet Welds Staggered intermittent fillet welds also involve double-fillet welds in two lines; however, the centres of weld segments on each side of the joint are offset in relation to one another. This is reflected in the fillet weld symbols, which are offset on opposite sides of the reference line. The dimensions of staggered intermittent fillet welds are specified on both sides of the reference line. There is no significance attached to the onset of staggering, as to whether ¡t should commence on the arrow side or on the other side of the joint. Figure 28 shows a typical joint to illustrate this concept. 10 |" 75-150 10 rằm Page 29 Capyright © 2015 CWB Grdup Industry Services |⁄75-150 Stqggered intermittent fillet welds „+ là CWBI ? JS2.1 WSSStudy Guide ng Lễ se, Welding Symbols 5, Exercises Complete the following exercises. The answers are provided at the end of the study guide. Exercise 1 Draw the applicable welding symbol for the weld shown. —-*#iị <—W—¬ 516 5/16 Exercise 2 Draw the applicable welding symbol for the welds shown. 1/4 3/8 3/8 1/4 là Page 30 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services | WSS Study Guide JS2.1 - Welding Symbols Exercise 3 Draw the applicable welding symbols for the welds shown. 3ö 3/16 5/18 1/4 Exercise 4 Draw the applicable welding symbol for the weld shown. 3 Page 31 Copyright Ø© 2015 T Group Industry Services. 12 cwbgroup rĩ . CWBI WSS Study GuideJS2.1 % Welding Symbols Exercise 5 Select the applicable welding symbol for the fillet welds shown. 2 2 2 [esEz] Iszizdl| [Zhs] 6 6 3) b) ⁄ c) Page 32 s Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services ⁄ 2-6 d) 2-4 " cwbgroup WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Exercise 6 Select the applicable welding symbol for the fillet welds shown. 1 Page 33 | 3 2015 của Grdup Industry Services 6 J Ea] KP] |Ees5%| |5zssgje| 2 2 2 2-6. 2 (6) 2 (6) Cøp 1 le=-] a) c) 6 b) d) 2 6 6 2 2-6 2-6 . ~ WSS Study GuideJS2.1 Welding Symbols Exercise 7 Select the applicable welding symbol for the fillet welds shown. | 6 2 12 3 a) 2-12 2 b) 2-12 e) 2(12) 2(2) Page 34 s Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services 2 2= 12 9-15 d) 2x12 2x12 kê | WSS l Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Objectives After completing this learning unit you should be able to: $ Describe the symbols used for complete and partial joint penetration groove welds $ Explain the use of combined symbols and multiple reference lines $ Describe the symbols used for arc spot welds, plug welds, slot welds and stud welds $ Identify the welding symbols referenced in ISO 2553 6. Groove Welds The elements that define groove welds are: $ The depth of preparation or depth of chamfer on each side of the joint and designated by the capital letter, S $ The bevel or groove angle, the angle between the groove faces prior to welding $ Theroot opening, the space required for proper fitting of the two members in the joint, with the primary objective to provide adequate access for welding and proper fusion in the root area In the example shown in Figure 29, the depth of preparation is 9mm, the groove angle is 60 degrees and the root opening is 3 mm. Note the location of dimensions in relation to the symbol. Page 35 Copyright Ø 2015 CWB Group Indu: An iniiative of the WSS Study Guide JS2.1 cwbgroup Welding Symbols 60° 9mm 12mm _I râm ,„ 3mm ] Location oƒ the elements oƒ a groove weld symbol The completed weld for the welding symbol is shown in Figure 30. hàn mm —— Completed groove weld v... Kk WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 6.1 Backgouging When backgouging is required, the welding symbol must include a reference to backgouging in the tail as shown in Figure 31. For nonsymmetrical double-groove welds, the symbol needs to show the required groove depth for each side of the joint and include the required groove angles. For both single-groove welds and symmetrical double-groove welds without root faces, the welding symbol does not need to show the depth of groove dimensions. Reference to notes can be included in the tail NỤIN > > oï the welding symbol. ⁄ Back N gouge GTSM LAN Backgouging AN (Gouge to sound metal) See note 1. ^^. WSSStudy Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 6.2 Partial Joint Penetration Groove Welds When used, the depth of preparation (S) and groove weld size (E) are placed to the left of the weld symbol as shown in Figure 32. The groove weld size (E) may have different terms associated with ït. Itused to be called the throat of a groove weld. CSA Standard W59 refers to it as jJoint penetration. In a practical sense, achievement of the groove weld size depends largely on the root geometry of the joint, the welding process, and the parameters of the welding procedure. ` ⁄ 9(6⁄ 45° —lÍ< sm rà © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Welding symbols for the depth oƒ prepargtion and groove weld size WSS StudyIRRGuide JS2.1 mm cebgroup Welding Symbols The application of the depth of groove and groove weld size is iliustrated in Figures 33 and 34. The groove weld size (E) is measured from the top of the plate to the Turthest point where the weld penetrates the joint. The value of (E) may be less than S (see Figure 33); however, it may also be greater than § (see Figure 34). mm CWB Group Industr Application oƒ the depth oƒ preparation and groove weld size ƒor (E) less thơn S nh WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 1/4 (3/8) . LI I 3/6 Groove weld size Required weld Symbol 14 (7/16) Groove weld size 7/16 - I 1/4 ii Groove weld size 7/16 —¬ Reaquired weld FG.34 4 L $ 1/4 Symbol Application oƒ the depth of preparation and groove weld size for (E) greqter thøn S The depth of preparation and groove weld size will apply equally to single- and double-groove welds and are typically found in partial joint penetration groove welds. Examples of double-sided welds and the corresponding welding symbols are snown in Figure 35. 5 CWB Grcup Industr' WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 12đ40) < 12(14) vn Ú4) 12 (10) Required weld Symbol 3/4 (7/8) 1(3/4) 1 (3/4) 3/4 (7/8) Required weld mm CWB Group Industry S Symbol Double-groove welds with partial Joint penetrotion ‹ z È Ầ : WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols The joints may have partial or complete joint penetration, depending on the thickness and penetration characteristics of the welding process used. Another area of potential application of this type of symbol on shop drawings is for grooves welded mainly from one side and requiring only a one-pass weld from the other side. This latter weld may be a squaregroove weld, ïf the fusion faces in the root are the remaining parts of the original square-cut preparation. 10(12) 18 (20) 18 (20) 10(12) Required weld Symbol 1/2 (3/8) (3/8) Square-groove weld shows the 3/8 tạp .- 15 groove weld size only since (38) M ki u P. 1/2 (3/8) Required weld rG.36i Symbol Applicdtion oƒ double-groove welds 6.3 Combined Weld Symbols Depending on their complexity, joints may require one or more than one type of weld symbol. For joints requiring more than one type of weld, a symbol must be used to specify each weld. This rule is illustrated by the welding symbols in Figure 37. Page 42 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services ch. WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols . — tu Required weld Symbol (a) Backing, single-J-groove and fill stweld symbols Required weld Sympbol (b) Double-bevel-groove and fillet weld symbols r—¬—¬ FRequired weld Symbol (c) Single-bevel-groove and double-fi llet weld symbols G57: 5Symbols for combined groove and ƒillet welds A triHaive gi the cwbgroup ~ An inigative of the WSSStudy Guide JS2.1 cwbgroup Welding Symbols - 6.4 Bevel Edge Preparations Would you accept the joint preparations shown in Figure 38, based on the welding symbols shown? (a) _ (b) mà s 12mm Bevel edge prepargtions Figure 38 (a) - No, the arrow of the welding symbol should point to the edge that is to be prepared. The other plate should have been bevelled. _ Figure 38 (b) - Yes, in this case ït is apparent that only one of the two plates can be bevelled (the vertical plate) and the arrow does not have to point to the edge that is to be bevelled. B Group Industry Services. WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Ehn Welding Symbols innanve l ti cwbgroup 6.5 Multiple Reference Lines The objective of multiple reference lines is to provide the welding symbol with the capability to specify the sequence of welding operations, as well as to provide additional information related to the examination of welds 0r other operations. The rule that applies to sequencing states that the first operation is shown on the reference line closest to the arrow. All subsequent operations follow the same sequencing order as the reference lines move away from the arrow. In the example shown in Figure 39, the first operation is the welding of the single-bevel-groove weld on the arrow side, then the fillet weld on the other side and lastly the fillet weld reinforcement on the arrow side. ra Page 45 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Ind Multiple reference lines „— WSSStudy Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 6.6 Flare-Groove Welds With the increasing use of hollow structural sections and circular or tubular profiles, the application of flare-groove welds has increased. There are two basic types of flare-groove welds; flare-bevel and flare-V. The weld symbols for these grooves also reflect the shape of the Jjoint that contains them (see Figure 40). There is no preparation involved for these grooves, as their curved configuration forms a natural Joint. 15(8)7 \_ - N 2 59] \ m Ø sã= (4) h : =S Radius of the bar rân B Group Industry Services - ai Flare-V and flare-bevel qroove welds ề N WSS d4 Guụide JS2.1 Ế Welding Symbols 7. Exercises Exercise 8 Draw the applicable welding symbol for the weld shown. Exercise 9 Draw the applicable welding symbol for the weld shown. 3⁄4 Page 47 Copyright © 2015 CWB Groùp Industry Services Y1 Ù 5/8 cwbgroup : CWBï WSS Study Guide JS2.1 SH) Welding Symbols Exercise 10 Draw the applicable welding symbol for the welds shown. h 21/8 Ỳ ~ =< ] 21/8 † Exercise 11 Draw the weld indicated by the welding symbol shown. 3⁄8 3⁄4 CWB Group Industry Services (ri soi nản WSS Study Guide JS2.1 | hi Welding Symbols Exercise 12 Draw the weld for the welding symbol shown. 11/4 "xu 3/8 1/4 (9/18) 1/4 (8/18) 3/8 Exercise 13 Select the applicable welding symbol for the groove weld shown. 60° Page 49 Copyright © 2015 ch Gröoup Industrv Services. cwbgroup WSS Study Guide JS2.1 - Welding Symbols Exercise 14 Select the applicable welding symbol for the groove welds shown. 3/8 a) 3/8 x 5/8 3/8 x 5/8 3/8 x 5/8 9) 5/8 x 3/8 3/8 x 5/8 d) 3/8 (5/8) 3/8 (5/8) Exercise 15 Draw the welding symbol for the weld shown. s Page 50 2015 CWB Group Industry Services ưng WSS li BI Gùide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Exercise 16 Select the applicable welding symbol for the groove welds shown. Exercise 17 Draw the applicable welding symbol for the welds shown. Radius S Page 51 Copyright Ø 2015 CWB Group Industry Services nn WSS Study Guide JS2.1 - CWBIï gui An Igitiatve of the Welding Symbols 8. Other Welds 8.1Plug Welds Plug welds are other types of welds produced by an electric arc welding process. Although not used as extensively as groove and fillet welds, they have found their own area of application in welded construction. A plug weld is a weld made in a circular hole in one member of a joint fusing that member to another member. Slot welds are made in an elongated hole and the hole may be open at one end. Fillet-welded holes do not conform to these definitions. Plug and slot welds share the same shape of weld symbol, which is represented by a rectangle, irrespective of whether the fusion faces inside the hole or slot are perpendicular or sloping. Arrow side holes to be plug welded are specified by placing the plug weld symbol below the reference line and other side holes are specified by placing the plug weld symbol above the reference line. +ợY.v.Ss.s$s.e Dimensions that must be identified are the: Diameter at the root Pitch (centre-to-centre distance) Angle of countersink Depth of fll The location of the elements of a plug welding symbol are shown in Figure 41. Page 52 L ] Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services WSS Study Guide JS2.1 cwbgroup Welding Symbols Plug diameter at the root Pitch (centre-to-centre distance) ˆ 7 Ø501201200 C ` 45 Angle of countersink trên Depth of filling when not complete Location oƒ the elements oƒ a plug welding symbol The plug welding symbol, dimensions and the finished plug weld are shown in Figure 42. Ø50| l G42 Group Industry S 200 l200 Z ` l Dimensioned plug weld and the finished weld TY nnn > ® WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Figures 43 shows the application of a plug weld symbol when combined with dimension lines and specified dimensions for diameter, depth of filling and the centre-to-centre spacing or pitch. In this example, the plug weld size is 40 mm diameter, the depth of ñill is 16 mm and the pitch is 160 mm. 1 \ 1600 9 @ 160 = 1440 ¬ Detail A Required welds ĐEEHA. 40) .- 18 Ø40 160 This note is optional —v œI. l=< c 25 | 100 : = 1800 ⁄ 1440 \ ` Lastplug ⁄ } mã 200 .—kk|Ÿ: Ậ Ầ : 100 GeIIIIIIIIIg Ạ gi G LÍ Ÿ DetailA Elevation Symbol and dimensioning mà roup Industry S: Plug weld example l« 9E L © | | WSS Study Guide JS2.1 ~ Welding Symbols 8.2 Slot Welds Slot Weld Example #1 What is the required depth of fill for this slot weld? 5@8=3-4" 4 1 —L-LI s 12L/T\ 1 |. E L 443.17... TY. vịiỊ| 1/2 v, Detail A trêm Page55 | Copyright © 2015 cứ Group Industry Services Slot weld depth of Fll + 3% | ị 3/4 SectionB-B — ¡ 1⁄2 Ậ cwbgroup WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols The depth of ñill for the slot weld is 1/2" as shown. 3⁄4 4 NA ự 12L/T\ II LỊ| 4.3 l | Ê 1 5@8z3-4' † | 3⁄4 — 3/4 YJ|i 1/2 ï ¬~ Detail A i45, Page 56 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Slot weld depth oƒ fill ønswer. ì Là SectionB-B WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Slot Weld Example #2 What is the pitch of these slot welds? Si HE ] Cu ag Detail A FG.46i Slot weld pitch Page 57 | Cdpyright © 2015 CB Grdup Industry Se 5@8z3-4" 4 -] ke: 4 —¬ 7-02)45 3/4 3⁄4 354 ị LI ĩ SectionB-B ¡ 1/2 WSS Study Guide JS2.1 S Welding Symbols The pitch is 8" and there are 5 spaces between the 3' 4" distance. 3/4 4 —t 5@8=3-4' 4 1/2 —¬*"ị 3/4 See Detail A 1 B 1. 121 cEEF UUTIIDTIO B | 4 Ÿ TL ị x l Detail A rân ® Page 8 58 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Slot weld pitch answer 427 ¬ ị hoi SectionB-B 1/2 on WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Slot Weld Example #3 What is the length of this slot weld? 4 5@8=3:-4" 4 L L⁄ S 3/4 1/2 —*"| =m- 3/4 See Detail A 1 L1, 15L/T\ B¬ 4 || 5 B † LỊ| L 1 ị † 34 3/4 ị Ý 172LV ï la p| Ắ Page 59 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services CÁ [z2 ) | ection B SectionBu Detail A riG.46| ( | Slot weld length - B ® WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols The length of the slot weld is 4” 3/4 4 Ỉ —¬5 5@8=3-4 4 1/2 mm 3/4 See Detail A 1 7¬ 1 = ⁄¬N mm l< NI Detail A FG45: ® Page 8 60 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Slot weld length answer SectionB- B ni WSS Study Guide JS2.1 cwbgroup Welding Symbols 8.3 Arc Spot Welds A spot weld is a weld made between or upon overlapping members in which coalescence may start and occur on the faving surfaces or may proceed from the outer surface of one member. The weld cross section (plan view) is approximately circular” This type of weld does not require a prepared hole or slot and can be made by several welding processes. +.s.ssse The welding information shown in an arc spot welding symbol includes: Weld symbol Weld size (diameter) Pitch (centre-to-centre distance) Number of spots The location of the elements of a spot welding symbol and the completed weld are shown in Figures 50 and 51. When arc spot welds are required in specific locations, they must be identified on the drawing. Diameter of the arc spot Ptoh Number of arc spots mm Locgtion oƒ the elements oƒ an arc spot welding symbol 2 WSSStudy Guide JS2.1 nusn, Welding Symbols 400 G.sii Completed arc spot weld 8.4 Stud Welds Stud welding is the joining of a metal stud or similar part to a workpiece. Welding may be accomplished by arc, resistance, friction or other process with or without external gas shielding. Arc stud welding is the most widely used process. The stud symbol is always placed below the reference line and the arrow of the welding symbol points to the surface to which the stud is to be welded. ^ The dimensions required in the welding symbol are the size, spacing and the number of studs, all placed on the same side of the reference line as the stud weld symboil. ~ The required diameter of the stud is specified to the left of the weld symboil. - The centre-to-centre pitch or spacing of stud welds in a straight line is specified to the right of the weld symbol. The spacing of welds in any configuration other than a straight line must be dimensioned on the drawing. WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols The number of required stud welds is placed in parentheses below the stud weld symbol. Size Spacing 3/8 DÔ 4 (6) , Number niG.52| Locotion oƒ the elements oƒ a stud welding symbol An example of the desired weld and the corresponding stud welding symbol is shown in Figure 53. The stud weld size or diameter is 12 mm, the pitch is 80 mm and seven studs are required. ml °r “Im la. 5| | | Z⁄ 60 Required welds riG.s3| Stud welding example Page 63 Copyright >ì 40 ⁄ | l Ạ I L I Symbol =— —, WSSStudy GuideJS2.1 Welding Symbols 8.5 Surfacing As Ïts name implies, a surfacing weld is applied to a surface. A build up of surfaces may be required for a number of reasons including: $ $ $ Correction of dimensions Providing a transition between different metals Providing corrosion- or wear-resistance The characteristics of a surfacing weld are shown in Figure 54. The area on which the surfacing weld is to be deposited is identified by the arrow pointing to ït with the surfacing symbol always placed below the reference line. The required thickness is specified to the left of the weld symboil. FRequired welds riG.54] 5 CWB Group Industry Services Surfacing weld symbol Symbol WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 8.6 Brazed Joints Brazing Ïs a process for joining solid metals in close proximity by heating them to the brazing temperature in the presence of the filler metal.” A brazing operation that involves no preparation except cleaning requires only the reference line, the arrow and the identification of the brazing process in the tail of the welding symbol as shown in Figure 55. N K5 > _¬ mu gam + ĩ The brazing process, in this case torch brazing (TB), must be shown in the tail of the symbol. Required brazing riG.55| rqup Industry Services Brdzing symbol Symbol WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 9. Nondestructive Examination The examination methods and their corresponding letter designation used on symbols are shown in Table 1. Examination methods Letter designation Acoustic emission AET Eddy current ET Leak lun Magnetic particle MT Neutron radiographic NRT Penetrant PT Proof PRT Radiographic ET Ultrasonic ùĩ Visual VT mm @ Page 66 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Examination method letter designations | | WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 10. Introduction to ISO 2553 The intent of this introduction to ISO 2553 is to present a basic outline of the ISO welding symbols, their features and applications. ISO 2553, Welding and gllied processes — Symbolic representation on drawings — Part 1: Welding, identifies two sụstems; system A and system B. The two systems should not be mixed. Both systerÉs have the same intent and that is to enable communication between the designer and others in the production chain (drafting, welding engineering, supervising, hands-on welding, examination and inspection personnel). However, the pathways to achieving that communication goal differ in some concepts and details. In system A, the reference line consists of two parallel lines: a continuous straight line and a dashed, identified line as shown in Figure 56 (a). The dashed line may be drawn above or below but parallel to the continuous line. The dashed line represents the other side of the joint to where the arrowhead is pointing. In system B as shown in Figure 56 (b), the reference line is a continuous straight line. Page 67 Copyright © 2015 cm Grolip Industry Services : CWBI WSS Study Guide JS2.1 An EEESHOEBEEEE cwbgroup Welding Symbols | / † a5 V m 4x 100 m J (200) ` rR .- | 4063-111 6b \ \ ; ⁄4Z/ANN —— ý .~ VY a5 đẳng 4063-111 4x 100 (200) 4...1 (a) System A welding symbol \\ 2 4 (b) System B welding symbol Key 1 Elementary symbol (fillet weld) 2 3 4 5 6a 6b Supplementary symbol (concave contour) Complementary indications (field weld, weld all-around, reference) Dimensions (fillet weld size, number and spacing) Tail Reference line (continuous line) Identification line (dashed line) - System A only FiG.56] Examples oƒ ISO 2553 welding symbols san WSS Study Guide JS2.1 iniie 0 cwbgroup Welding Symbols Both welding symbols shown designate the same weld: +.sŸ+ess.óso..ssse 5 mm throat thickness fillet welds with concave profile Welded on the arrow side of the joint 4 welds 100 mm in length 200 mm spacing between welds Welded-all-around Field welds Welded using process 111 in accordance with ISO 4063 Examples of how to designate welds on the arrow side and other side of the joint for systems A and B are shown in Figures 57 to 60. System A 2305 24M0 se. Illustration of welding symbol Arrow side System B welding symhol Ế IZ ủ; . 1. Fillet ] hanL øn : of side mm Arrow side and other side oƒ fillet welds System A .. vi 56 hong xe Page 69 Copyright © 2 Illustration of Z4: System B ng maạm. Other side rm Ti ¬ li Arrow side and other side oƒ butt welds oi mg ng ti| WSS Study GuideJS2.1 Welding Symbols System A _ ngàng Hlustration of System B welding symbol ng øØ Arrow side mm Arrow side and other side oƒ plug welds Weld type %P 4.Slot FG.60i Group Industry Services Arrow RE System A Illustrationi of welding symBol weld lo} g Arrow side and other side oƒ slot welds stem B welding symbol WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols For butt welds, when only the edge of one joint member is to be prepared, the arrow shall have a break and point toward that member as shown in Figure 61. The arrow need not be broken ïf ït is obvious which member is tơ be prepared. The arrow shall not be broken if there is no preference as to which member is to be prepared. System Á welding symbol NOTE: Illustration of weld Dashed reference line not required for symmetrical welds mm Examples oƒ the use oƒ broken qrrow lines System B welding symbol WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Asymmetrical Welds The elementary symbols shall be arranged symmetrically on the reference line when used to represent symmetrical welds. Examples of the use of welding symbols to designate asymmetrical welds are shown in Figure 62. Dimensions shall be specified on the same side of the reference line as the associated weld symbol. In general, letters are not to be included with dimensions on drawings unless otherwise stated, e.g. fillet welds and the symbols ạ (throat thickness), z (leg length) and s (deep penetration welds). System A Illustration of System B welding symbol" weld welding symbol sex TK in z3 mm * Asymmetrical welds are always to be dimensioned regarđless if they are partial or full penetration welds. tràn 5 CWB Group Industry Services Examples oƒ welding symbols for asymmetrical welds WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Fillet Weld Dimensioning The symbol ø, throat thickness, or z, leg length, shall be placed in front of the dimension to the left of the weld symboil. The throat thickness, a, is measured as the height of the largest isosceles triangle that can be inscribed in the section of the finalized weld measured from the joint root. For filiet welds with unequal leg lengths the symbols Z, and Z, are used where: Z, = leg length measured on the contiguous member of the joint Z, = leg length measured on the non-contiguous (cross) member of the Jjoint For fillet welds made on both sides of a joint, the dimensions of both welds shall be specified even ïf they are identical. Weld type IIlustration of kưôn Comments a, throat thickness = height of the largest isosceles triangle that can be inseribed in the section Fillet z, leg length = side of the largest Isosceles triangle that can be inscribed in the section Deep ¿ N Penetraiion fillet weld Sa| xe Có unequal tàn ĩ riG.G3| Page 73 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Serv Fillet weld dimensions penetration fillst weld Z., leg length measured on the contiguous member of the joint Eillet - leg lengths s, throat thickness of the deep A2 N 1 ] Z.leg length measured on the noncontiguous (cross) member of the joint WSS Study Guide JS2.1 A cwbgroup Welding Symbols For intermittent welds, the dimension of the spacing between the welds, (e), shall be placed in parentheses after the length dimension. The number of intermittent welds required, n, shall be placed in front of the length dimension. lf no number is specified, intermittent welds shall be made along the whole length of the Joint. Chaïn intermittent welds made on both sides of the Joint shall include information concerning the length, spacing and number of welds for both sides of the joint. Staggered intermittent welds made on both sides of the joint, shall be designated using the “Z” symbol across the reference line. In the absence of any information concerning the offset, the centres of the welds on one side of the joint shall correspond with the centres of the gaps on the Opposite side of the joint. Otherwise, the offset shall be specified in the tail or elsewhere. Welýd lllustrafion of type weld uc: si RE (te) (te) | |nx!(e) l Chain Intermittent nx:(e) m | = length of weld (without end craters) (e) = distance between weld elermnents 4 n = number of weld elernents NOTE: No dimension to the left of the . weld symbol indicates the welds shall be full penetration. Staggered Intermittent butl FiG.64: Intermittent fillet welds nxJ nx// ƒ (e) ĩ (e) WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Examples of how to dimension flare V butt welds are shown in Figure 65. Weld IIlustration of Mật ư Ệ ng Flare V s= throat thickness, the minimum distance from the surface of the part to the bottom of the penetration. h=distancs from point of tangency to top of member FiG.65| Flare V butt weld WB Grpup Industr WSS Study Guide JS2.1 se Welding Symbols Exercise 1 E - & › {] g ®j KÏ ® Answers w —+ w—— Zố s18 58D 5/16 Exercise 2 1/4 | | | | 3/8 1⁄4 3/8 3/8 1/4 oR N 3/8 1/4 Exercise 3 5/16 3/8 1/4 3/18 MU đ 3/8 516 Page 76 - Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Exercise 4 Exercise 7 Answers | THẦN 3 12 | l& Exercise 5 (a) Exercise 6 (d) Exercise 7 (b) Exercise 8 (1/2) ki Page 77 Copyright Ø 2015 CWB Group Industry Services J4 g M — (CWBi „ K> WSS Study GuideJS2.1 scorn Welding Symbols Exercise9 sE 9) Exercise Answers xe pin l¬—ro—-| Exercise 10 |<4—w›—>=~ ồ Exercise 11 Page 78 15 CWB Group Industry Services Y 25 21/8 cwbgroup WSS LuI |CWBIi Guide JS2.1 FS Welding Symbols Exercise 12 Exercise Ans 11⁄4 ers 3/6 1/4 (9/18) 1/4 (9/16) 3/8 3⁄8 3/8 1/4 ——* L N 9/16 Exercise 13 (a) Exercise 14 (d) Page 79 Copyright © 2015 T Grbup Industry Services 9/16 =— 1⁄4 ; i cwbgroup WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Exercise 15 rã ® : Exercise ` Answers Exercise 16 (d) Exercise 17 ⁄ xi. Radius S —.ị ® Page 80 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services =W¬Áâ 5 | WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols The following are sample multiple choice questions. The answer key is on page 87. CWB Group Industry 1. Choose the correct welding symbol for the weld shown. 2. Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. „. WSSStudy Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 3. Choose the correct welding symbol for the weld shown. 4. Choose the correct welding symbol for the weld shown. Exam = mi (3) c({c m ý. Exercise ˆ = Page32 @© 2015 CWB Group Industry Services a) ⁄ b) ⁄ 9 x : mm | WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 5. Exam Exercise | r ạ) ˆ BACKWELD GTSM ⁄ 6. Copyrig Choose the correct welding symbol for the weld shown. Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols 7. Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. Exam 50 - 150 50- -1 150 8) Exercise S0 - 100 150mm _¡ L.50mm _¡ L.5ömm | b) | c) 150mm |] 150 50 150 150 mm ] Ỉ d) 8. s0 ⁄ NI 50- 150 Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. 10x16 a) 10x16 10x16 b) zỡ c) ⁄ d) ⁄^ 10x18 › ‹ : 4 16 (10) 10(16) 10(16) CWB Group Industry Services 10/6) > Welding Symbols HẠ 9. Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. 50 - 150 8) ⁄ L 50 150 150 50 g) 10. Choose the correct welding symbol for the welds shown. 50- 300 a) 150mm 300 mm 50-300 Ị b) li 50 (300) 50 x 300 d) Page 85 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services 50x 300 WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols Complete the answer sheet and compare the results with the answer key. lf you score less than 70%, we suggest you re-study the material. Please circle only ONE letter corresponding to the answer you think is Lại ch ơn X” 8M PB. Em ~ cm o mm E ©o m Hữ) ¬ cơ cm th Ô ơØ ơ ở x X T†©+> c Ln] correct. m most Page 86 Copyright Ø 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Mu G PS VPĐOUI ; DO ;m VPOS œ mm mm Lại lễ ơv V5 ơ hy ớ mm it m .o + ơi mơ 1O — [œ) 8ä .“- The answer sheet below is provided for your use in the event that you wish to retest yourself. WSS Study Guide JS2.1 Welding Symbols = o t‹@ mù << PO mổ CD TS Answer Key WSS Study CWBI SCori n Guide./s2.1 no — so OÁ Welding Symbols WSS Revision Log = Revision # Revision Date Revision Details Update 1.2 2018-06-05 In Welding Supervisor Steel books, the CWB logos have been updated to the new ones, some illustrations and text have been revised as follows: JS2.1 Intermediate Welding Symbols $ Page 53, Figure 41 was revised $ Page 54, Figure 43 was revised WD2.1 Intermediate Weld Discontinuities $ Page 33, Figure 26 was revised $ Page 68, Answer to #8 was changed to (a) Wwelding Supervisor Steel Course Background Material $ Page 20, 29 and 41 Figures were revised $ Page 50 was deleted as ït was the same as page 48 W47.1 Study Guide, Workshop and Procedure Guide WXE1.1 CSA Standard W47.1-09 (reaffirmed 2014) $ Page 57, the answer to question 34 was changed to “b” WXE1.2 CSA Standard W47.1-09 (regffirmed 2014) $ Page 2, three more Annexes were added WXE1.3 CSA Standard W47.1-09 (reaffirmed 2014) $ $ $ Page5,8,9,11, 13, ,22, 25, 29, 40 and 49 Figures were revised Page 20, minor text revision Page 31, 33, 35, 58 and 59 Figures were revised W59 Studv Guide & Workshop WXE2.1 CSA Standard W59-13 $ $ $ s Page 68 Copyright © 2015 CWB Group Industry Services Page 19 and 33 minor text additions Question #56, in Section 3 has been changed The answer to Question #56, in Section 4 has been changed to “a” WSS li Guide JS2.1 °: Welding Symbols cwbgroup WSS Revision Log Revision # Revision Date Revision Details Update 1.3 2018-09-4 In Welding Supervisor Steel books, some illustrations and text have been revised as follows: 1S2.1 Intermediate Welding Symbols $ Page 42, Figure 36; Page 46, Figure 40 and Figure on page 49 were revised WC2.1 Intermediate Quality Control and Inspection Methods $ Page 34, Figure 27 and Page 35 Figure 28 were revised WD2.1 Intermediate Weld Discontinuities $ Table 2, Figure 23, Figure 25 and Figure 32 were revised. Welding Supervisor Steel Course Background Material $ Figures on pages 20, 38 and 40 were revised. Page 40, minor text revision. $ Wa47.1 Study Guide, Workshop and Procedure Guide WXE1.3 CSA Standard W47.1-09 (reaffirmed 2014) $ Figures on pages 27, 31 and 34 were revised. W59-18 Study Guide 8 Workshop WXE2.1 CSA Standard W59-18 - Study Guide $ Page 19, 20, 28, minor text revisions. Page 30, answer 79f was revised WXE2.1 CSA Stundard W59-18 - Workshop CWB Group Industry Services $ Updated page number references to match W59-18 new Standard. $ Page 20, 22, 27 and 30, minor text revisions.