Development of Democracy in England PDF

The Development of Democracy in England Warm-up Question; Why do you think the idea democracy began to develop in England? Class Agenda for April 15, 2024 1. Review Warm-up Question 2. Learning Objective: SWBAT understand how democracy developed in England 3. Essential Question: Why do you think the...

The Development of Democracy in England Warm-up Question; Why do you think the idea democracy began to develop in England? Class Agenda for April 15, 2024 1. Review Warm-up Question 2. Learning Objective: SWBAT understand how democracy developed in England 3. Essential Question: Why do you think the people in England wanted to have a democracy? 4. Meme/Thought of the Day 5. Academic Vocabulary and definitions 6. Homework: Please read the Textbook Reading on, Parliament limits the Monarchy, read pp. 180-183 and the assessment (1-8) “Your representative owes you, not their industry only, but their judgment; and they betray you instead of serving you if they sacrifice it to your opinion. - Edmund Burke (MP 1766-1794) King John of England (r. 1199-1215) - The Barons (lords) complained about the King’s heavy taxation and the harsh punishments for not paying the taxes, for the wars they were losing in France. - In January of 1215, the barons tried to appeal to the king and have him address their grievances. - He ignored them--He appealed to Pope Innocent III. (The king was a papal vassal) In the Summer of 1215, the Barons gained more numbers to force the king’s to listen. - The 1215 Magna Carta is created and had 63 clauses - It failed as a peace treaty, (The Pope said it was invalid) - Magna Carta was reissued under Henry III (1216-1272) and Edward I (1272-1307) became part of English Law - Magna Carta stated that the rule of Law could overrule the king Magna Carta is the major source of traditional English respect for individual right and liberties; - It was a contract between the King (King John) and the Nobles - It limited the power the monarch 63 clauses 12. “Taxes shall be levied in our kingdom only by the common consent of our kingdom” 39. “No man shall be arrested or imprisoned … except by the lawful judgement of his peers or by the ;law of the land.” Development of English Parliament By 1254, the Shire reeves (sheriffs) sent elected representatives to consult with the king on issues related to taxation. In 1258, at Oxford, the noblemen called for regular meetings with the King: a new legislative body: Parliament. In 1295, Under Edward I, Parliament evolved to include nobles, bishops, and two representatives from each county. (no commoners) Edward I (1272-1307) called the Model Parliament 1295, to support his war with France, he called Nobles, knights and Burgesses (commoner from a village or burgh) - House of Commons was created in the 1300s by burgesses, knights, and leading citizens - House of Lords Nobles and Bishops - In 1327 (under Edward III) County Representatives (knights of the shire) and of the towns (burgesses) or commons became a permanent part of Parliament. Three Conflicts with Monarch and Parliament 1. Puritans wanted a more fundamental version of the English Church against King James I (1603-1625) 2. King James I used his private court (Star Chamber) ignored parliamentary court system of Common Law 3. King James wanted more money for wars and a more extravagant life. Both Houses met in the House of Commons; they grew in strength The House of Commons controlled the Power of the Purse, to raise taxes for the government, for wars. King Charles I (1625-1649) Conflict with Monarch and Parliament in the 1600s Absolute rule and the Divine Right of Kings (present in France) this is what Charles I wanted, Parliament didn’t Charles I (1625-1649) wanted more money, forced to sign the Petition of Right No taxation without parliament’s consent or imprisoning citizens illegally King Charles ignored his promises. Charles dismissed Parliament in 1629 He called them back in 1640 when Scotland invaded. 1642-1649 Civil War; royalists and anti-royalists 1649 Charles I was executed. Oliver Cromwell (1649-1653) Commonwealth of England, Lord Protector The Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660, Charles II (1660-1685), parliament continued to limit the power of monarchy; Habeas Corpus King James II (1685-1688) A Roman Catholic, divine right of kings… Parliament was not going to allow a Catholic to inherit the throne Glorious Revolution of 1688 Parliament asked William and Mary of Orange to become the King and Queen of England Constitutional Monarchy English Bill of Rights 1689, limits monarchy’s power and parliament’s supremacy