Information Sheet 3.2.2 - Digital Representation PDF

SANCHEZ, JORICH LYN E. GROUP 2 INFORMATION SHEET 3. 2.2 Obtain accurate measurements for job Within a computer, information is represented and stored in a digital binary format. The term bit is an abbreviation of binary digit and represent...

SANCHEZ, JORICH LYN E. GROUP 2 INFORMATION SHEET 3. 2.2 Obtain accurate measurements for job Within a computer, information is represented and stored in a digital binary format. The term bit is an abbreviation of binary digit and represents the smallest piece of data. Humans interpret words and pictures; computers interpret only patterns of bits. A bit can have only two possible values, a one digit (1) or a zero digit (0). A bit can be used to represent the state of something that has two states. For example, a light switch can be either On or Off; in binary representation, these states would correspond to 1 and 0, respectively. Computers use binary codes to represent and interpret letters, numbers and special characters with bits. A commonly used code is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII). With ASCII, each character is represented by a string of bits. For example: Capital letter: A = 01000001 Number: 9 = 00001001 Special character: # = 00100011 each group of eight bits, such as the representations of letters and numbers, is known as a byte. Codes can be used to represent almost any type of information digitally: computer data, graphics, photos, voice, video, and music. ALPHABET IN BINARY, CAPITAL LETTERS and LOWER CASE, number and symbol A 01000001 a 01100001 1 00000001 B 01000010 b 01100010 2 00000010 C 01000011 c 01100011 3 00000011 D 01000100 d 01100100 4 00000100 E 01000101 e 01100101 5 00000101 F 01000110 f 01100110 6 00000110 G 01000111 g 01100111 7 00000111 H 01001000 h 01101000 8 00001000 I 01001001 i 01101001 9 00001001 J 01001010 j 01101010 10 00001010 K 01001011 k 01101011 11 00001011 L 01001100 l 01101100 12 00001100 M 01001101 m 01101101 13 00001101 N 01001110 n 01101110 14 00001110 O 01001111 o 01101111 15 00001111 P 01010000 p 01110000 00100000 Q 01010001 q 01110001 & 00100110 R 01010010 r 01110010 $ 00100110 S 01010011 s 01110011 % 00100101 T 01010100 t 01110100 ! 00100001 U 01010101 u 01110101 # 00100011 V 01010110 v 01110110 * 00101010 W 01010111 w 01110111 X 01011000 x 01111000 Etc…… Y 01011001 y 01111001 Z 01011010 z 01111010 SANCHEZ, JORICH LYN E. GROUP 2 While a bit is the smallest representation of data, the most basic unit of digital storage is the byte. A byte is 8 bits and is the smallest unit of measure (UOM) used to represent data storage capacity. When referring to storage space, we use the terms bytes (B), kilobytes (KB), megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), and terabytes (TB). One kilobyte is a little more than one thousand bytes, specifically 1,024. A megabyte represents more than a million bytes or 1,048,576. A gigabyte is 1,073,741,824 bytes. A terabyte is 1,099,511,627,776. The exact number is gained by taking 2^n power. Quantities of bytes 1 bit (binary digit*) = the value of Abbreviations Size in "bytes" 0 or 1 8 bits = 1 byte 1 kilobyte = 1 k Kilobyte (KB) = 1,024 1024 bytes = 1 kilobyte 1 megabyte = 1 MB Megabyte (MB) = 1,048,576 1024 kilobytes = 1 megabyte 1 gigabyte = 1 GB Gigabyte (GB) = 1,073,741,824 Terabyte (TB) = 1024 megabytes = 1 gigabyte 1 terabyte = 1 TB 1,099,511,627,776 Petabyte (PB) = 1024 gigabytes = 1 terabyte 1 petabyte = 1 PB 1,125,899,906,842,624 1024 terabytes = 1 petabyte SANCHEZ, JORICH LYN E. GROUP 2 ACTIVITY SHEET 2.2 Obtain accurate measurements for job Group Activity: Decode the special message for you. 01000010 01100101 00100000 01110011 01110101 01110010 01100101 00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100100 01110010 01101001 01101110 01101011 00100000 01111001 01101111 01110101 01110010 00100000 01001111 01110110 01100001 01101100 01110100 01101001 01101110 01100101 00101110 Write the message here: SANCHEZ, JORICH LYN E. GROUP 2 EVALUATION SHEET 2.2 Name:_________________________ Date: ______________ Section: ___________________ Score: __________ ✓ Self Check 1. How many kilobytes are there in 2 gigabytes? _________________ 2. How many gigabytes are there in 1 terabyte? _________________ 3. Write this word in Binary digits. COMPUTER