Complement Cascades
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San Lorenzo Ruiz College of Ormoc, Inc.
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Summary
This document provides a visual representation on the classical and alternative pathways of the complement cascade. It includes the various components and factors involved, along with their functions.
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36 b. Produced by immunizing mouse with specific antigen, combining mouse spleen cells with myeloma cells (plasma cells fuse wi.th @ REMEMBER!...
36 b. Produced by immunizing mouse with specific antigen, combining mouse spleen cells with myeloma cells (plasma cells fuse wi.th @ REMEMBER! ~ myeloma cells forming a hybridoma). Hybridoma can Complement produce monoclonal antibodies for indefinite period of time. lfl. Cascades Complement Cascades Ant igen + Antibody (lgG or lgM) Polysacharride CLASSICAL ~ Cl C3 k Components Activated by Immune Complexes ✓~ l ½ c3a (lgG.,lgM) C3b Bind in Numerical Order Except at the Beginning (Cl, C4, C2, C3, etc.) c,, : r ~Ob Usually " a" fragments go into C4b2a plasma, "b" fragments attach to cell (exception: C2a & C2b) C3a~rC3a C3 ~. S b C4b2.a3b ✓~ C3bBb3b ~✓ C5a f-- C5 -t C5b C6 ~ C7 C5b67 Factors r es Activated by Lipopolysaccharides, C5b678 Polysaccharides r C5b6789 C9 Involves C3 at 2 Points in Cascade Involves Factors B & D and Control COMPLEMENT Factors H&I 1. Approximately 21 chemically distinct proteins (14 effector, 7 contr ol) 3. Cascades (pa thways) - require calcium and magnesium 2. Functions to control inflammation a. Classical pathway a. Activates phagocytes (chem otaxis) b. Alternative pathway b. Lyses target cell (foreign organism) c. Opsonization - enhances phagocytic 4. Control proteins binding by coating foreign organism a. Cl esterase inhibitor and attaching to complement b. C4 binding p1;otein receptors on neutrophils and c. Factor I (degrades C3b) monocytes d. Factor H (competes with Factor B)
