3.OB.Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology. Female and Male 1.pdf

MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA-EJERCITO child nursing NURSING CHILD maternal eview ...

MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA-EJERCITO child nursing NURSING CHILD maternal eview  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO HUMAN SEXUALITY encompasses the complex behaviors, attitudes, reproductive During emotions and preferences that are years, the nurse related to sexual self and performs as resource eroticism person on human sexuality. Sex – basic and dynamic aspect of life  M MAATTEER R NNAL Sexuality A LA NADN C biologic male or female status. Sometimes referred to a specific behavior of being boy or girl, DH C sexual behavior such as sexual I LHDI LND male or female, man/ intercourse. woman. U RNS U - developed at the moment of Gender Identity I NRGS IBNYGC A conception. sense of femininity or masculinity B RYMCI AP RO M 2-4 yrs/3 yrs gender identity develops R TI APJ O Role Identity gender identity ADRA T -AEJJ A sexuality role identity attitudes, behaviors and ER sex sex definition attributes that differentiate D CAI -TEOJ E R C I T O reproductive years sexuality definition roles CONCEPTS DEFINITION MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO PHYSIOLOGY ANATOM Y a nd FEMALE MALE The reproductive organs (present at birth) fully develop by the end of puberty. Those visible on the outside of the body are termed external genitalia, genital organs, or genitals, while those contained within the body are termed internal genitalia or internal reproductive organs. Review of Anatomy and Physiology of Female Reproductive System  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL called the vulva or pudendum , include the following structures: mons pubis labia majora labia minora vestibule perineum  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO known as the mons veneris, a pad of fatty tissues that lies over the symphysis pubis covered by skin and at puberty covered by pubic hair that serves as cushion or protection to the symphysis pubis. S ta ges of P ubic Ha ir De ve lopme nt Ta n n e r S c a le t ool - u s e d t o d e t e r min e s e xu al m a t u rit y r a t in g. Stage 1. Stage 3. Stage 5. Pre-adolescence. No pubic Occurs between ages 12 and Sexual maturity- normal adult- hair. Fine body hair only 13 appear inner aspect of upper – darker & curlier at labia thigh. Stage 2. Occurs between ages 11 and Stage 4. 12 – sparse, long, slightly Occurs between ages 13 and 14, hair assumes the normal pigmented & curly hair at appearance of an adult but is not so thick and does not appear to pubis symphysis the inner aspect of the upper thigh. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO large lips longitudinal fold, extends symphysis pubis to perineum their chief function is to protect the structures lying between them. they are covered by stratified squamous epithelium containing hair follicles & sebaceous glands with underlying adipose & muscle tissue FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO are rich in sebaceous glands, which lubricate & waterproof the the vulvar skin & provide bactericidal secretions. are also composed of erectile tissue & involuntary muscle tissue increase in size at puberty & decrease after menopause due to changes in estrogen level. clitoris clitoris - anterior, pea-shaped frenulum erectile tissue with lots of sensitive urethral orifice nerve endings labia majora - sight of sexual arousal (Greek-key) labia minora fourchette - posterior, tapers vaginal orifice posteriorly of the labia minora hymen -sensitive to manipulation, vestibulum -torn during delivery. fossa varmicularis FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO URINARY MEATUS SKENES GLANDS HYMEN VAGINAL ORIFICE BARTHOLENES GLAND an almond shaped area that contains the hymen, vaginal orifice and bartholene’s glands Urinary Meatus small opening of urethra, serves for urination Skenes glands or Paraurethral gland mucus secreting subs for lubrication Hymen covers vaginal orifice, membranous tissue Vaginal Orifice external opening of vagina Doderleins Bartholene’s glands, Paravaginal gland or alkaline – neutraliZe bacillus acidity of vagina Carumculae Vulvo vaginal gland mystiformes 2 small mucus secreting substance pH of vagina ACIDIC FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO muscular structure Loc: lower vagina & anus FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL include the following structures: vagina uterus ovaries fallopian tube  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL a muscular & membranous tube that connects the external genitals with the uterus also referred to as the birth canal female organ of copulation, passageway of menstruation & fetus 3 – 4 inches or 8 – 10 cm long, dilated canal Rugae – permits stretching without tearing  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL organ of menstruation facts a hollow, thick walled muscular organ parts it varies in size, shape and weights. muscular composition size shape PREGNANT uterus NON PREGNANT Left ovary weight PREGNANT NON PREGNANT involution of uterus 4th stage of LABOR 2 weeks after DELIVERY 3 weeks after DELIVERY 5-6 weeks after DELIVERY  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL facts parts muscular composition upper upper LOWER uterus cylindrical TRIANGULAR cylindrical Left ovary layer layer layer ISTHMUS - lower uterine segment during pregnancy CORNUA - junction between fundus & interstitial  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL there are three main muscle layers facts which make expansion possible in every parts direction. muscular composition inside uterus, LINES the uterus muscle layer for menstruation sloughs during menstruation  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL facts parts muscular composition thick layer Endometriosis diagnostic: -proliferation of BIOPSY endometrial lining outside LAPAROSCOPY uterus. meds: common site: OVARY 1. Danazole (Danocrene) a. to stop menstruation signs & symptoms: b. inhibit ovulation 2. Lupreulide (Lupron) DYSMENNORHEA inhibit FSH / LH LOW BACK PAIN production  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL facts parts muscular composition LARGEST part of the uterus, for delivery process its smooth muscles are considered to be perimetrium the living ligature of the body protects power of labor, responsible for entire uterus contraction  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL almond uterus two -shaped glandular structures just below the pelvic brim. one ovary is located on each side of the ovaries pelvic cavity. each ovary weighs 6-10 g & is 1.5 – 3 cm long, & 1 – 1.5 cm thick. ext- vestibule ; int – ovaries function: 1. ovulation 2. Production of hormones MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO OVARIES  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL 2-3 inches long that serves as: passageway of the sperm from the uterus to the ampulla or the passageway of the mature ovum Fallopian tube Tubal ligation or fertilized ovum from the ampulla to the uterus.  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO OVARIES FOUR SIGNIFICANT SEGMENTS 1. Infundibulum – distal part of FT, trumpet or funnel shaped, swollen at ovulation 2.Ampulla – outer 3rd or 2nd half, site of fertilization 3.Isthmus– site of sterilization – bilateral tubal ligation 4.Interstitial– site of ectopic pregnancy – most dangerous  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL to support & protect the pelvic contents to form the relatively fixed axis of the birth passage.  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO considered accessories of the reproductive system are specialized sebaceous glands. to provide nourishment & protective maternal antibodies to infants through the lactation process. they are also source of pleasurable sexual sensation.  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EXTERNAL INTERNAL The primary reproductive functions of the male genitals are to produce & transport the male sex cells (sperm) through & eventually out of the genital tract into the female genital tract. The male reproductive system consists of the external & internal genitals. penis scrotum  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO the male organ of COPULATION 3 Cylindrical Layers and URINATION. 2 corpora cavernosa 1 corpus spongiosum it contains of a body of at its tip is the MOST SENSITIVE area a shaft consisting of 3 comparable to that of the clitoris in the cylindrical layers and female – the glans penis. erectile tissues.  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO apouch hanging below the pendulous penis, with a medial septum dividing into two sacs, each of which contains a testes. COOLING mechanism of testes < 2 degrees C than body temp. Leydig cell – release testosterone  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO The Process of Spermatogenesis – maturation of sperm Testes – 900 coiled (½ meter long at age 13 onwards) hypothalamus (Seminiferous tubules) Epididymis – 6 meters coiled GnRH tubules site for maturation of sperm Vas Deferens – conduit for spermatozoa anterior or pathway of sperm pituitary gland Seminal vesicle – secretes: 1.) Fructose – glucose has nutritional value. FSH LF 2.) Prostaglandin – causes reverse contraction of uterus Ejaculatory duct – conduit of semen Fx: Fx: Hormones for Sperm Testosterone Prostate gland- secrets alkaline Maturation Production substance Cowpers gland secrets alkaline substance Urethra  MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING BY CARMI PORTAJADA -EJERCITO Male and Female Homologues Male Female Penile glans --------------------------- Clitoral glans Penile shaft --------------------------- Clitoral shaft Testes --------------------------- Ovaries Prostate glands --------------------------- Skene’s gands Cowper’s gland --------------------------- Bartholin's glands Scrotum --------------------------- Labia Majora