312-Module01.pdf

Module1: INTRODUCTION 2024 bb-mcc  OBJECTIVES Describe the world wide web and how it works Describe the architecture of the world wide web and the associated technologies that support this architecture Describe web applications and the tasks involved...

Module1: INTRODUCTION 2024 bb-mcc  OBJECTIVES Describe the world wide web and how it works Describe the architecture of the world wide web and the associated technologies that support this architecture Describe web applications and the tasks involved in the development of web-based applications 2024 bb-mcc  EVOLUTION OF THE WEB The first website The birth of the Web | CERN Websites then 2024 bb-mcc Before eBay 2024 bb-mcc eBay in 1999 2024 bb-mcc  World Wide Web (WWW) WWW / web ○ distributed, collaborative , hypermedia information system that runs on top of the infrastructure provided by the Internet ○ “information space in which its resources are identified by global identifiers called Uniform Resource Identifiers / URI” [W3C] 2024 bb-mcc  World Wide Web (WWW) Internet ○ network of networks defined by the TCP/IP standards ○ global system of interconnected computer networks that communicate and interchange data through TCP/IP ○ provides a variety of resources and services such as: WWW documents and applications, email, file sharing, etc. 2024 bb-mcc  World Wide Web (WWW) Tim Berners-Lee ○ invented at European Organization of Nuclear Research (CERN) in 1989 ○ Developed: HTTP, URL and HTML ○ founded the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) one of the leading organizations in the development of technology standards for the web develop protocols and guidelines pertaining to the web 2024 bb-mcc  WWW Core Components Web resources ○ web page HTML document that delivers various information and hyperlinks to other pages and resources ○ scripts, stylesheets, multimedia content ○ may be static or dynamic static resource: accessed “as-is” dynamic resource: generated “on-the-fly ” 2024 bb-mcc  WWW Core Components Web resources ○ website related web resources under a common domain name e.g., news website, website of an academic institution ○ web application website that implements application logic in order to deliver a specific functionality e.g., media streaming service, online banking, online shopping 2024 bb-mcc  WWW Core Components Web Servers ○ applications that are used to host web resources ○ capable of hosting multiple websites and / or web applications ○ application server: web server that primarily hosts web applications web servers: Apache’s HTTP Server, Microsoft’s IIS application servers: Oracle’s WebLogic, IBM’s WebSphere 2024 bb-mcc  WWW Core Components Web Clients ○ software applications used to access web resources ○ most common type is the browser ○ also include end-user tools and applications that access web protocols and resources (desktop or mobile) e.g., mobile weather app Uniform Resource Locator (URL) ○ unique reference to a web resource 2024 bb-mcc  WWW Core Components Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) ○ communication protocol between client and server clients send HTTP request messages servers send HTTP response messages ○ payload resource included in the HTTP response by the server such as an image or HTML page data sent by the client to the server for processing such as input data or uploads 2024 bb-mcc The WWW Now 2024 bb-mcc The WWW Now 2024 bb-mcc  The WWW Now applications 2024 bb-mcc  The WWW Now web applications ○ search engines, banking, e-commerce, e- governance, social networks, entertainment and media streaming, learning management systems, scientific research, website builders, etc. ○ alternative platform for desktop / mobile applications such as productivity tools ○ portable and platform-independent 2024 bb-mcc  The WWW Now web platform ○ consumption of web APIs and services by non-web applications ○ led to innovative applications and new possibilities for various industries ○ creation of new career opportunities online jobs, content creators, social media managers, influencers, etc. ○ challenges: connectivity, security, scalability 2024 bb-mcc  The WWW Now web application development ○ application logic is divided into those that run on the client-side environment and those that run on the server-side environment ○ front-end developers ○ back-end developers ○ full-stack developers 2024 bb-mcc