30536.1 PGD SG Study Guide PDF

Electrical Apprenticeship 30536.1 ed 1.0 Study Guide Demonstrate knowledge of the regulatory framework for plumbing, gasfitting, and drainlaying US 30536 | Level 4 | Credits 5 Name (First/Last): Unit Standard 30536 People credited with this unit standard are able to demonstrate understanding of: the structure of the regulatory framework of the plumbing, gasfitting, and drainlaying sector; and the impact of the regulatory framework for practitioners in the plumbing, gasfitting and drainlaying sector. The best way to use this Study Guide is: 1. Read through the following information step by step. 2. Where other resources are mentioned (such as websites), find those and read them as well. 3. Complete the practice exercises, then check your answers. Te Pūkenga acknowledges the content and images provided by WorkSafe New Zealand to aid in the development of this resource. 30536.1 Contents Unit Standard 30536............................................................................................................... 1 Legislation and standards....................................................................................................... 1 Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Act 2006................................................................. 2 The Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Board............................................................... 3 Competence, registration, and licencing.......................................................................... 3 Classes of licence............................................................................................................... 5 Annual licencing requirements......................................................................................... 7 Benefits to being registered and licenced........................................................................ 7 Discipline and prosecution............................................................................................... 7 Gazette notices................................................................................................................ 9 The Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Arrangement................................................... 10 Activity 1............................................................................................................................ 11 Gasfitting and legislation................................................................................................... 13 The Plumbing, Gasfitting, and Drainlaying regulations 2010......................................... 13 Gas Act 1992................................................................................................................. 13 Gas (Safety and Measurement) Regulations 2010........................................................ 14 Building Act 2004.............................................................................................................. 14 Building regulations....................................................................................................... 15 The New Zealand Building Code....................................................................................... 16 Complying with the New Zealand Building Code.............................................................. 18 Acceptable Solutions and verification methods............................................................. 18 Alternative solutions....................................................................................................... 18 Other compliance pathways.......................................................................................... 19 Summary........................................................................................................................... 20 Activity 2............................................................................................................................ 21 Activity 3............................................................................................................................ 22 Activity 4............................................................................................................................ 23 Other relevant legislation................................................................................................... 24 The Resource Management Act.................................................................................... 24 New Zealand Standards.................................................................................................... 26 AS/NZS 3500 Plumbing and drainage........................................................................... 26 AS/NZS 1596:2014 The storage and handling of LP Gas............................................. 27 AS/NZS 5261:2003 Gas Installation.............................................................................. 27 AS/NZS 5262:1997 Gas appliance safety..................................................................... 27 AS/NZS 5601 Gas installations..................................................................................... 28 NZS 3604 Timber-framed buildings............................................................................... 28 NZS 4219 Seismic performance of engineering systems in buildings........................... 29 Accessing standards......................................................................................................... 29 Activity 5............................................................................................................................ 30 Key Stakeholders.............................................................................................................. 31 Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment (MBIE)........................................... 31 Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) and the Ministry for the Environment (MfE).......... 31 Health and Safety at Work.................................................................................................... 33 Roles, Rights, Responsibilities.......................................................................................... 34 PCBUs........................................................................................................................... 34 Officers.......................................................................................................................... 35 Workers......................................................................................................................... 35 Other persons................................................................................................................ 36 Activity 6............................................................................................................................ 37 Practical ways of reducing your health and safety risk...................................................... 38 Worksite safety.............................................................................................................. 38 Personal protective equipment (PPE)............................................................................ 38 Workplace practices...................................................................................................... 38 Lifting............................................................................................................................. 38 Back / spine / shoulder protection.................................................................................. 38 Manual and power tools................................................................................................. 39 Hazardous substances.................................................................................................. 39 Biohazards..................................................................................................................... 39 Working at heights......................................................................................................... 39 Activity 7............................................................................................................................ 40 Glossary and websites.......................................................................................................... 42 Words and terms............................................................................................................... 42 Useful websites................................................................................................................. 43 Activity answers.................................................................................................................... 44 Page 1 of 50 Legislation and standards New Zealand, like many other countries, uses legislation to regulate plumbing, gasfitting and drainlaying work. Legislation is basically a set of rules that make up the New Zealand Law. You don’t need to know all the rules by heart before you practice your trade, but you do need to know what laws affect you, the overarching aim of the laws so you know what you can and can’t do, and where to find specific information on how to comply with the law in specific circumstances. For example, Joe needs to find out some details of where Mark lives because Mark needs some work done in the kitchen. Joe knows that it’s illegal under the Privacy Act to sell Mark’s details to a marketing company. If Joe needed to, he can find out which specific clause in the Privacy Act applies, but generally he doesn’t need to know the law at this level of detail. Laws in New Zealand include: Acts. These are laws established under authority by the government. Regulations. These support the Acts by going into further detail on how the Act can be complied with. Codes. These are often formed under regulations and provide a model of how an Act or regulation can be complied with. Standards. Standards provide potential solutions to issues, resolve problems, and provide ways to comply with legislation. Legislation specific to plumbers, gasfitters, and drainlayers includes: Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Act 2006 Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Act 1997 Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Regulations 2010 Gas Act 1992 Gas (Safety and Measurement) Regulations 2010 Building Act 2004 New Zealand Building Code Other legislation that applies to work in these trades include: Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 Resource Management Act 1991 30536.1 Page 2 of 50 Standards that may apply include: AS/NZS 5601.1:2013 Gas installations - Part 1: General installations AS/NZS 5601.2:2013 Gas installations - Part 2: LP Gas installations in caravans and boats for non-propulsive purposes 1596:2014 The storage and handling of LP Gas 5262:1997 Gas appliance safety 5261:2003 Gas installation AS/NZS 3500.1 Plumbing and drainage – Water services AS/NZS 3500.2 Plumbing and drainage – Sanitary plumbing and drainage NZS 3604:2011 Timber-framed buildings NZS 4219:2009 Seismic performance of engineering systems in buildings Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Act 2006 There are two main reasons for the Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers Act 2006 (PGD act): 1. to protect the health and safety of the public (i.e. make sure people who do this work can do it properly), and 2. to make sure people doing the work are registered and licenced. The Act is broken into four parts. Part 1 Part 2 Part 1 of the Act covers preliminary and key Part 2 of the Act covers registration and provisions including; licensing, including: Interpretations and meanings of terms Classes of registration The restrictions on doing or assisting How to become registered with sanitary plumbing, gasfitting, and How to become licensed drainlaying. Duration and renewal of practising licence Competence Cancellation and suspension Employer licences in respect of gasfitting Register of plumbers, gasfitters, and drainlayers 30536.1 Page 3 of 50 Part 3 Part 4 Part 3 of the Act covers discipline and Part 4 of the Act covers administration, offences including: appeals, and miscellaneous provisions including: Who it applies to and the offences covered by the Act The Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayer’s Board, (Schedule 1 of the Who can make a complaint and what act outlines provisions applying to complaints are covered, or not members) covered Appeals The disciplinary process includes investigations, considerations, Regulations and suspensions, disqualification, Transitional provisions (e.g., for disciplinary powers, procedures, and persons holding provisional licences) offences Like all Acts, there is also subparts to cover amendments to the Act and so on. The Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Board The Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Board (“the Board” or “PGDB”) is the statutory body established under the PGD Act to regulate these trades and to promote the health and safety of the public. Broadly speaking, the Board’s powers and functions can be categorised into: competence; registration and licensing discipline and prosecution. Competence, registration, and licencing Competence means you have the knowledge, understanding, and skills to do your job. You show your competency by: achieving your New Zealand Certificate at Level 4 (in plumbing, gasfitting, or drainlaying), and passing the PGDB exam for your trade. You can then apply for registration as a tradesman. You do this by completing a form from the PGDB website and attaching evidence of your competence (a copy of your NZ Certificate, and exam results). You will also need to provide a copy of your criminal record, to show that any criminal conviction in the past (if any) doesn’t affect your ability to do your job. In addition, there is a section for your supervisor to complete that verifies you have the competence to do your job. Once registered, you will need to apply for your annual licence to practice. You can apply for this at the same time as registration (using the same form) if you are going to start working in the trade straight away. 30536.1 Page 4 of 50 The chart below shows this process. Get a job as an apprentice with a PGDB registered and certifying employer Sign a training agreement Gain knowledge, understanding, and skills Off-job On-job Learn theory and practice at block Learn under supervision at work and get signed course. off as competent by a supervisor (verification). Complete theory and practical assessments at block course Meet requirements (competent) of all Not yet competent theory and practical assessments Discuss options with training provider Apply to sit PGDB exam Sit exam on set date No Pass Pass Apply for next exam sitting. Study! New Zealand Certificate Level 4 Apply for registration and attach NZ Apply for licence to practice Level 4 Certificate, record of Exam (you can apply for your licence at pass and criminal record the same time as registration) Approved You are now a registered and licenced tradesman. 30536.1 Page 5 of 50 Classes of licence There are five different classes of licence: certifying, tradesman, limited certificate, exemption under supervision, and journeyman. There is also the provisional licence for overseas qualified persons. These are described briefly below. Class Level of responsibility A Certifier A Certifier is the highest qualification available. A Certifier is responsible for ensuring both their own work, and the work of anyone they supervise is done competently. They are also the only people that can verify work for official purposes (e.g. producer statements). Tradesman A Tradesman is qualified but must be supervised by a Certifying person who is ultimately responsible for ensuring the work is done competently. Limited Limited Certificate Trainees are working towards becoming qualified. Certificate They can do sanitary plumbing and/or gasfitting work and/or drainlaying Trainees work, but a Certifying person must ensure it is done competently. Exemption These people are not registered and don't have a full qualification. They Under can do sanitary plumbing and/or gasfitting work and/or drainlaying work Supervision provided they are supervised by a Certifying person - who must ensure that the work is done competently. The certifier is responsible for notifying the Board and paying the required fee for all exempt workers they supervise. NB: Exemption gasfitting under supervision workers must not work on any appliance connected to a gas supply. Their work must be tested and certified by a Certifying gasfitter before being connected to the gas supply. Journeyman The Journeyman class is for those plumbers, gasfitters and drainlayers who have not passed the Boards relevant licensing exam but have completed one of the following qualifications: the National Certificate (this came into effect in 1998) Trade Practice Certificate (this applied before 1998) or the 3rd stage block course (this applied before 1998) A journeyman has the same level of responsibility as a tradesman and therefore must be supervised by a Certifying person who is ultimately responsible for ensuring the work is done competently. Provisional A provisional licence is normally issued to an overseas qualified person licence holder while their application for registration and licencing is considered. Under the provisional licence, the person is authorised to carry out the work under that licence level as outlined above. 30536.1 Page 6 of 50 Supervision A Certifier is responsible for ensuring both their own work, and the work of anyone they supervise is done competently. They are also the only people that can verify work for official purposes (e.g. producer statements). Supervision ensures: that the work is performed competently; and that while the work is being undertaken, appropriate safety measures are adopted; and that the completed work complies with the requirements of relevant regulations (Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Act 2006, Building Act, Gas Act). Quick reference guide The following chart provides a quick reference. You can see this and find out more on the PGDB website. 30536.1 Page 7 of 50 Annual licencing requirements You have to renew your licence each year on or before 1 April, so you can continue to practice your trade. As a condition you also need to complete Continued Professional Development (CPD). This is how you maintain your knowledge and skills, for example, learning about updates and changes to legislation, codes, and standards. After 2 years practicing as a tradesperson, you can apply for the certifying licence. This is the second and more senior class of registration and involves sitting and passing the PGDB certifying exam in the relevant trade. Certifying plumbers, gasfitters, and drainlayers are able to test and certify their own work and are responsible for the work of those they supervise. Benefits to being registered and licenced When the public engage a registered tradesperson, who holds a current practising licence, they can have confidence that the tradesperson is appropriately qualified and able to carry out work safely and effectively. The Board’s often advertises with the slogan ‘sort the pros from the cons’ which reminds people what’s at stake and that only authorised tradespeople can safely carry out the work. Screenshots from http://www.pgdb.co.nz Discipline and prosecution Anyone, except the Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Board, a Board member, or the Registrar, can complain to the Board about the conduct of a plumber, gasfitter or drainlayer. The Board can only consider complaints about conduct that might be a disciplinary offence as set out in section 89 of the Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Act 2006. That conduct mainly relates to poor, unsafe, and improper or incompetent plumbing, gasfitting, or drainlaying. The chart on the next page outlines the process. 30536.1 Page 8 of 50 Beginning Complaint received In the correct Yes No jurisdiction? Is it frivolous or No Yes vexatious? Registrar appoints investigator Investigator initially Investigator initially Investigator carries out decides complaint decides complaint investigation and shouldn’t be should be considered drafts initial report considered Initial report sent to complainant and tradesperson for comment Investigator considers Investigator initially Investigator initially any comments decides complaint decides complaint received and finalises should be heard shouldn’t be heard report Prosecutor drafts notice of disciplinary proceedings Notice of disciplinary proceedings served on tradesperson Teleconference held Disciplinary hearing on liability held Found Not Found Guilty Penalty hearing Guilty End End Tradesman complies with orders Complaint dismissed or appeals decision 30536.1 Page 9 of 50 Where a complaint leads to the Board finding a plumber, gasfitter, or drainlayer guilty of a disciplinary offence, the Board can make orders such as: censuring the person requiring the person to do some further training fining the person (the fine is not paid to the complainant) cancelling, suspending, or restricting the person’s registration and/or practising licence, or provisional licence disqualifying the person from doing plumbing, gasfitting, or drainlaying work The Board has no powers to order a plumber, gasfitter, or drainlayer to fix work or pay a consumer money. After receiving a complaint, the Registrar writes to the person complained about, gives them a copy of the complaint, and asks for their side of what happened. After a set time, the Registrar decides whether the complaint is something the Board might be able to consider, meaning: it is a disciplinary offence of the type we cover, and it is not frivolous or vexatious (non-serious/pointless complaints) If the complaint fits these criteria, the Registrar appoints an investigator. The investigator's job is to decide whether the Board should consider the complaint at a disciplinary hearing. The whole process can take months from beginning to end, depending on how complex the issue is. You can download the Board’s complete guide, A guide to disciplinary proceedings from their website. Publication of disciplinary action and offences It is possible for details of the Board’s decisions to be published in the Gazette (see below) or news media, or for the Board’s decision to be made available to the public. In addition, the Board publishes information about the last three years of disciplinary proceedings on its public register. Gazette notices A Gazette is another name for a newsletter, journal, newspaper, etc. In New Zealand a gazette is an official publication of a government organisation or institution to communicate official notifications, and notices. Once published, a gazette becomes a public record. The Board issues Gazette notices that set out: the minimum standards for registration and the competencies required for each registration class the registration fees and ‘disciplinary and prosecution’ levy These notices are on the PGDB website, and also from the NZ gazette website; gazette.govt.nz. 30536.1 Page 10 of 50 The Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Arrangement The Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Arrangement (TTMRA) is a non-treaty arrangement between New Zealand and Australia's commonwealth, state and territory governments. The arrangement means that someone registered to practise an occupation in one country is entitled to practise an equivalent occupation in the other country, without further testing or examination. New Zealanders moving to Australia Australian regulatory authorities recognise the New Zealand qualifications(s) held by certifying or licensed plumbers, gasfitters and drainlayers and will issue registration for the equivalent category. If you are applying for registration in any Australian state, you may be required to produce a verified copy of your registration certificate as well as a current New Zealand licence in support of your application. The Australian regulatory authority will contact the New Zealand Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers Board to verify your details. Australians moving to New Zealand The New Zealand Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers Board recognises Australian qualifications held by registered plumbers, gasfitters and drainlayers under the provisions of the Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Act (TTMRA) 1997 and will issue the equivalent registration. 30536.1 Page 11 of 50 Activity 1 1. What are the two main reasons for the Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Act 2006? 2. Who is responsible for setting the minimum standards for registration of plumbers, gasfitters, or drainlayers? 3. Aside from being registered, what else do you need before you can legally carry out plumbing, gasfitting, or drainlaying work? 4. How often do you need to apply for a licence? 5. Does a qualified tradesman need supervising? 6. What work can a Limited Certificate Trainee do? 30536.1 Page 12 of 50 7. How can you prove you are competent in order to become registered as a tradesperson? 8. Who carries out discipline and prosecution for any people who operate in the plumbing, gasfitting, or drainlaying trades without a licence? 9. How does the Board communicate official information such as the registration and licencing requirements of plumbers, gasfitters, and drainlayers? 10. What does the Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Act mean for a registered plumber, gasfitter, or drainlayer? 11. Can the PGD Board accept an anonymous complaint about a tradesperson? Yes No 12. What type of complaints can be considered by the PGD Board? 13. If someone makes a complaint about you, and the Board accepts it, do you have an opportunity to defend yourself? Yes No Check your answers at the back of this Study Guide. 30536.1 Page 13 of 50 Gasfitting and legislation Gasfitters, in addition to the PGD Act, must also comply with the following legislation. The Plumbing, Gasfitting, and Drainlaying regulations 2010 These regulations were developed to ensure that gasfitters: are competent to carry out the range of work for which they are employed; and receive the supervision and training that is necessary to ensure that the work is carried out - safely and competently; and - complies with the requirements of the Gas Act 1992 and any regulations made under section 54 of that Act. The regulations also set requirements for licenced employers in terms of how they operate their business in relation to gasfitting. This includes information about the gasfitting that can be undertaken under the licence, employee details and work safety procedures. The regulations also outline the requirements for those responsible for certifying the business’s operations. Gas Act 1992 The Gas Act, like the PGD Act, aims to protect the health and safety of the public and to prevent damage to property. It does this by regulating the industry, and the supply and use of gas, in New Zealand. The Act: sets out the functions and powers of WorkSafe and its administrator, the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) to carry out enquiries, tests, audits or investigations to determine compliance with the Gas Act and to ensure the safe supply and use of gas grants owners, operators and other relevant persons powers such as rights of entry, and sets out any conditions relating to that sets out duties, such as requirements to inform MBIE of key gas activities, especially gas operators and other owners of gas fittings allows for industry codes of practice to be issued includes various arrangements for governing the gas industry, including authorisation of the co-regulatory model (both WorkSafe and Gas Industry Company Limited (Gas Industry Co) regulate the industry) dictates various requirements in respect of gas safety, including a requirement for all owners or operators of gas supply systems to have a safety management system that addresses requirements includes broad regulation-making powers, and establishes various offences for breaches of the Gas Act In addition to the provisions in the Gas Act itself, there is a variety of regulations and rules which sit under the umbrella of the Gas Act. The main one that applies to Gasfitters is the Gas (Safety and Measurement) Regulations 2010. 30536.1 Page 14 of 50 Gas (Safety and Measurement) Regulations 2010 These regulations apply to anyone who designs, or supervises the design of, installs, manufacturers, maintains, owns, supplies, sells, hires, or operates a gas distribution system, gas installation or part installation, gas appliance, or fitting to ensure they are safe when used and remain safe when turned off or decommissioned. They include: generic rules and requirements for safety the point of supply for the delivery of gas requirements for safety management systems (SMS) the third party certification regime for gas appliances the joint New Zealand/Australian gas appliance label offences Notifying WorkSafe of danger The regulations place an obligation on gasfitters to notify the owner or occupier, and WorkSafe, as soon as they can of any gas installation or gas appliance they believe is dangerous to life or property. Under this Act there is also an obligation to notify the Secretary of danger as soon as is practicable, as well as the owner or occupier of the property where the danger exists. Building Act 2004 The Building Act 2004 sets out the rules for the construction, alteration, demolition and maintenance of new and existing buildings in New Zealand. It is the primary legislation governing the building industry. Its purpose is that: people can use buildings safely and without endangering their health buildings have attributes that contribute appropriately to the health, physical independence and wellbeing of the people who use them people who use a building can escape from the building if it is on fire buildings are designed, constructed and able to be used in ways that promote sustainable development. Its aim is to improve control of and encourage better practices in building design and construction to provide greater assurance to consumers. This includes: setting clear expectations of the standards buildings should meet (Building Code) guidance on how to meet those standards more certainty that capable people are undertaking design, construction and inspection scrutiny of the building consent and inspection process protection for homeowners through mandatory warranties It also contains provision to ensure existing buildings are incrementally improved, including means of escape from fire, sanitary facilities, access and facilities for people with disabilities and in relation to buildings deemed most vulnerable in an earthquake. 30536.1 Page 15 of 50 The Building Act has five parts: Part 1 The purpose and principles of the Building Act, together with an overview, and commencement dates for various provisions and definitions. These sections provide an important reference point for reading and interpreting the Building Act. Part 2 (and Matters relating to the Building Code and building work (for Schedules 1 example, building consents). and 2) Part 3 Sets out the functions, duties and powers of the chief executive of the government department responsible for administration of the Building Act (currently Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment), territorial authorities, regional authorities and building consent authorities. It also deals with the accreditation of building consent authorities and dam owners, and product certification. Part 4 (and Matters relating to the licensing and disciplining of building Schedule 3) practitioners (Licenced Building Practitioners – LBPs) Part 5 (and Miscellaneous matters including: Schedule 4) offences and criminal proceedings implied terms of contracts for residential building work regulation-making powers amendments to other enactments the repeal of the Building Act 1991 transitional provisions from the Building Act 1991 to the Building Act 2004. Building regulations Building Regulations are made to support the Building Act. The only part of the 1992 Regulations still in force is Schedule 1 containing the New Zealand Building Code. 30536.1 Page 16 of 50 The New Zealand Building Code The Building Code is made up of general and technical clauses. These are grouped and described by a letter as shown below. Within each of these are further clauses described by the letter, then a number. For example: B Stability B1 Structure B2 Durability These clauses outline the minimum performance standards that all building work must meet, even if it doesn't need a building consent. Below is a list of all these clauses and their intent. Some of these are going to be more relevant to your work than others but it’s a good idea to know about all of them. Clause Purpose A General This clause covers general provisions for interpretation: classifies provisions buildings into seven categories, provides definitions and importance levels for fire. These provisions apply when interpreting the Building Code. B Stability B Stability contains Clause B1 Structure and Clause B2 Durability. B1 Structure requires buildings, building elements and sitework to withstand the combination of loads and physical conditions they are likely to experience during construction, alteration and throughout their lives. Loads and physical conditions include self-weight, temperature, water, earthquakes, snow, wind, and fire. B2 Durability must always be considered when demonstrating compliance with each of the clauses of the Building Code. It ensures that a building throughout its life will continue to satisfy the performance of the Building Code. It confirms the use of materials that will remain functional throughout the specified intended life of the building. C Protection There are six Building Code clauses related to protecting people in from fire and around buildings, limiting fire spread and helping firefighting and rescue. D Access D Access contains D1 Access routes and D2 Mechanical installations for Access. These provisions safeguard people from injury during movement into, within and out of buildings. 30536.1 Page 17 of 50 Clause Purpose E Moisture E Moisture provides for buildings to manage water. It contains Building Code clauses E1 Surface water, E2 External moisture and E3 Internal moisture. These provisions ensure conditions for healthy, safe and durable buildings. They protect people and other property from the adverse effects of surface water, from penetration by water, and the accumulation of moisture from both the outside and inside. F Safety of F Safety of Users safeguards people from injury or illness. The Users clauses cover hazards from construction, demolition, building materials, substances, processes, safety from falling, and ensure visibility in escape routes and that buildings have warning systems and signs. There are provisions that safeguard people from a loss of amenity (services/facilities) as well as ensuring people with disabilities can carry out normal activities and processes in buildings. G Services and Building Code clauses G1–G15 confirm the adequate and safe facilities provision of sanitary fixtures and services such as gas, electricity and water. The clauses ensure buildings have attributes that contribute appropriately to the health of people who use them, without loss of amenity or hazard to other people or property. Sanitation addresses the risks of illness due to unsanitary conditions caused by exposure to human or domestic waste, consumption of contaminated water, or inadequate facilities for personal hygiene, laundering and food preparation. Wellbeing and physical independence are influenced by factors such as indoor climate, space, protection from noise, light, connection to the outdoors, and access. The clauses ensure that people with disabilities are able to carry out normal activities within certain buildings. H Energy This provision requires many buildings, such as housing, to achieve efficiency an adequate degree of energy efficiency to modify temperature, humidity, ventilation, the provision of hot water and artificial lighting. It does not apply to all buildings. 30536.1 Page 18 of 50 Complying with the New Zealand Building Code You must comply with the Building Code, but you are free to choose how to meet the performance requirements. One way is to use an Acceptable Solution. Acceptable Solutions and verification methods Acceptable Solutions and Verification Methods provide information about materials, construction details and calculation methods. If followed, any work will comply with the related Building Code provisions and so will be accepted by the Building Consent Authority (BCA). Acceptable Solutions Specific construction methods that when followed are deemed to comply with the Building Code. Verification Methods Methods of testing, calculations and measurements that when followed are deemed to comply with the Building Code. Alternative solutions Sometimes buildings (e.g. complex projects or renovations) rely on alternative solutions to demonstrate compliance with clauses of the Building Code. Alternative solution Where all, or part, of the building design differs from an Acceptable Solution or Verification Method, another means of showing how the building work still complies with the Building Code is used. 30536.1 Page 19 of 50 Other compliance pathways There are other pathways to ensure that building work complies with the Code, as shown below. The Act provides for a voluntary product certification scheme that enables product manufacturers to have their products certified as meeting nominated performance requirements of Product certificates the Building Code. Building products or methods used in accordance with a product certificate must be accepted as complying with the Building Code. Energy work is defined as gasfitting work or prescribed electrical work. An energy work certificate certifies that energy Energy work work complies with either the Electricity Act 1992 or the Gas Act certificates 1992. An energy work certificate must be accepted as establishing compliance under the Building Code. The Act specifies that NZS 4121: 2001, the code of practice for design for access and use of buildings by persons with disabilities (and any modification of that Standard), is to be NZS 4121 taken as a Compliance Document. Any work that meets the requirements of this standard must be accepted as establishing compliance under the Building Code. A determination is a binding decision made by MBIE. It provides a way of solving disputes or questions about Building Code matters and territorial authority, BCA or regional authority decisions under the Act. Many matters can be determined e.g.: Determinations whether a building or building work complies with the Building Code a BCA’s decision on a building consent. 30536.1 Page 20 of 50 Summary Compliance with the Building Code can be demonstrated using various pathways. Understanding the New Zealand building control framework will help building practitioners decide which pathways are most appropriate when designing and constructing building work. The diagram below shows the hierarchy of New Zealand building controls, including the various compliance pathways. The dark grey area at the top (the Building Act and Building Regulations) shows the building legislation that must be followed. The diagram also shows the pathways that may be used to demonstrate compliance with the Building Code. Compliance with the Building Code must be demonstrated using one or more of these pathways. A building practitioner can choose which pathways to follow. 30536.1 Page 21 of 50 Activity 2 1. The Plumbing, Gasfitting, and Drainlaying regulations 2010 outline the requirements for gasfitters. Licenced employers must develop and maintain a manual. What are three things that need to be included in the manual? 2. Under the Gas Act, there are two organisations responsible for regulating the gas industry. Who are these two organisations? 3. Name at least three people or organisations that the Gas (Safety and Measurement) Regulations 2010 apply to: 4. If you notice any gas installation or gas appliance that you believe is dangerous to life or property, what are you obliged to do? 5. The purpose of the Building Act is to regulate building work and to set performance standards so that buildings are: Safe and healthy, _____________, and _____________ Check your answers at the back of this Study Guide. 30536.1 Page 22 of 50 Activity 3 Download a copy of clause E2. 1. Go to the website https://www.building.govt.nz/ 2. Click the tab ‘Building code compliance’, then click on ‘E' 3. Go to the menu and select E2 Surface moisture 4. Scroll down until you see a pdf symbol and ‘Current version’ then click the symbol. This will start a download process. 5. Open the document (you will need Acrobat reader on your computer) and find the section for Acceptable solution 1 (AS1). This is widely used for weathertight designs. 30536.1 Page 23 of 50 Activity 4 Now that you know how to access the NZBC clauses, look up each of the following and fill in the missing information. Note. Building Code clauses are updated regularly. If any of the following clauses are different to the latest version on the website, it means that the clause has been updated since this activity was written. If this is the case, check your answer with your tutor. 1. Clause G6/AS1, 1.0.1 Sound transmission through building elements, shall be minimised by using one or more of the following construction techniques: Avoidance of rigid service connections (e.g. in plumbing) where… 2. Clause E3/AS1 3.3.6 Urinals Impervious wall shall extend horizontally at least … and … 3. Clause E2/AS1, 4.2 Selection of flashing materials Flashing materials shall take into account the following factors: 4. Clauses C1-C6 Protection from fire, C2.2 The maximum surface temperature of combustible building materials close to fixed appliances using controlled combustion and other fixed equipment when operating at their design level must … Check your answers at the back of this study guide. 30536.1 Page 24 of 50 Other relevant legislation Other legislation you need to know about is: The Resource Management Act The Health and Safety at Work Act (Note. We will look at this act in the next section) The Resource Management Act The Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA) protects land and the environment. Ownership of land doesn’t mean the owner can do whatever they want on it or with it. They have to comply with the RMA. The RMA recognises that neighbours and others in our communities can be affected by the use of a piece of land and other resources. By protecting the environment, the RMA also ensures the interests of the community and future generations of Kiwis. Regional and district plans Under the RMA, regional councils prepare regional plans that focus on the management of air, water, land and soil. City or district councils prepare district plans that focus on managing aspects of subdivision and land use that can affect the environment, such as the height, appearance and location of buildings and signs, and the noise, glare and odour associated with the activities that take place in and around buildings. Every district or regional plan is different and reflects the desires and aspirations of the local community. Resource consent The plans councils prepare set out which activities will require a resource consent. A resource consent is a formal approval for such things as: the use or subdivision of land the taking of water the discharge of contaminants in water, soil or air the use or occupation of coastal space It’s not just new buildings that may require resource consent. A new use of an existing building may also require a resource consent. Just as council plans vary, the need for resource consents varies from one area to another. Different consent authorities for different types of resource consents The table on the next page lists the different types of resource consents and the consent authorities responsible for issuing them, with examples of when resource consents might be required. 30536.1 Page 25 of 50 Consent authority Consent type Examples responsible Land-use To erect a building. consent Regional councils To convert a garage in a residential and/or district and neighbourhood into a shop. city councils To establish papakainga housing. Subdivision consent District and city To divide a property into two or more new titles, councils using fee simple or unit title mechanisms. Coastal permit To build a wharf on the coast below the mean Regional councils high water springs mark. To discharge stormwater into coastal waters. Water permit To take water from a stream for an irrigation Regional councils scheme. To build a dam in the bed of a river. Discharge permit To discharge stormwater from a service station through a pipe directly into a lake. Regional councils To discharge exhaust fumes from a wood curing kiln into the air. More information You can find out more information on the RMA at the website for the Ministry for the Environment http://www.mfe.govt.nz/rma 30536.1 Page 26 of 50 New Zealand Standards Standards are produced by Standards New Zealand, and in other countries by approved Standards organisations. They cover many subjects and are developed by independent committees of volunteers nominated by national bodies with an interest in a particular subject. Standards are generally voluntary, but can be mandatory when cited in Acts, regulations, or other legislative instruments. Standards may also be referenced in regulations as one means of compliance or as an acceptable solution under those regulations, without being mandatory. Standards are a successful way to bridge government regulation and industry self-regulation. Standards relevant to plumbing, gasfitting, and drainlaying include: AS/NZS 3500.1 Plumbing and drainage – Water services AS/NZS 3500.2 Plumbing and drainage – Sanitary plumbing and drainage AS/NZS 5601.1 Gas installations - Part 1: General installations AS/NZS 5601.2 Gas installations - Part 2: LP Gas installations in caravans and boats for non-propulsive purposes NZS 3604 Timber-framed buildings NZS 4219 Seismic performance of engineering systems in buildings AS/NZS 3500 Plumbing and drainage This Standard comes in three parts: Part 1: Water services Part 2: Sanitary plumbing and drainage Part 3: Stormwater drainage Here we will look at parts 1 and 2. AS/NZS 3500.1 Plumbing and drainage - Part 1: Water services This specifies requirements for the design, installation and commissioning of cold water services from a point of connection to the points of discharge, and non-drinking water from a point of connection to the points of discharge. It applies to new installations as well as alterations, additions and repairs to existing installations. AS/NZS 3500.2 Plumbing and drainage - Part 2: Sanitary plumbing and drainage This specifies the requirements for the design and installation of sanitary plumbing and drainage from the fixtures to a sewer, common effluent system or an on-site wastewater management system, as appropriate. It applies to new installations as well as alterations, additions or repairs to existing installations. 30536.1 Page 27 of 50 AS/NZS 1596:2014 The storage and handling of LP Gas This Standard covers the location, design, construction, commissioning, and operation of installations for storage and handling of LPG. It also provides technical and procedural requirements for safe storage and handling. This Standard covers from the regulator to the meter, Standards 5601.1, 4645, and 5258 cover the remaining sections. Standard 1596:2014 also covers hazardous substances and general hazard management such as first aid, emergency preparation and planning, fire drills, and access control. ERP’s, or Emergency Response Plans, are also a major requirement of hazardous substance management for substances that are explosive, flammable, oxidising, toxic, corrosive, or harmful to the environment. These are covered at length on the following websites: WorkSafe, Fire and Emergency New Zealand’s (FENZ), Site Safe, and Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment NZ (MBIE) and will be covered more thoroughly in study guide 21900. AS/NZS 5261:2003 Gas Installation This Standard outlines the mandatory requirements for compliance for the design, installation, and commissioning of gas installations that are associated with the use or intended use of fuel gases as defined by the Gas Act 1992. This covers installations downstream of the outlet of the consumer billing meter installation, the first regulator on a fixed gas installation where LPG cylinders are installed, or the first regulator on site where LPG is reticulated from offsite storage, and where the gas supply doesn’t exceed 700 kPa. This Standard has three parts: Part 1 covers mandatory performance criteria for design, installation, and commissioning of gas installations. Part 2 covers a means of compliance for gas installations with appliances and equipment generally under 250 MJ/h (70 KW). Part 3 covers means of compliance for gas installations with appliances and equipment over 250 MJ/h (70 kW) and may be used as a base for the design of one-off gas appliances and large installations in compliance with Part 1. The appendices outline approximate pipe length for gas volume, acceptable pressure drops in existing installations, test instruments suitable for varying pressure ranges, and a comprehensive gas installation checklist. AS/NZS 5262:1997 Gas appliance safety 5262 covers the appliances within installations, outlining the safety requirements for all gas appliances intended for installation or use in NZ. The requirements protect persons, domestic animals, and property from fire, explosion, release of noxious gases, and physical injury hazards but are not intended to be used as a design code or matters of performance, appearance, or durability. It covers the safety of gas appliances and all components supplied with them. Section 4.1 stipulates that the design should be suitable for use in a New Zealand home taking into consideration children, elderly and the infirm to ensure no hazards are presented to them or to domestic animals. Section 5 outlines the marking and identification of gas appliances. All gas appliances must be clearly marked with the name/manufacturer/supplier mark, the type and model, gas types suitable for use with the appliance, minimum and maximum gas supply pressures for safe operation, the input rating (value and units) and the maximum overpressure and burner 30536.1 Page 28 of 50 pressures if relevant. Any instructions critical to the safe use of these appliances must also be displayed clearly on the appliance. These must all be displayed in English and/or in graphic form. AS/NZS 5601 Gas installations This Standard comes in two parts: Part 1: General installations Part 2: LP Gas installations in caravans and boats for non-propulsive purposes Since 1992 inspection and certification of gas installations is the responsibility of a person authorised under the Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers Act 2006. Gas installations must be undertaken only by persons authorised under the Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers Act 2006. AS/NZS 5601.1 Gas installations - Part 1: General installations This provides the mandatory requirements and means of compliance for the design, installation and commissioning of gas installations associated with the use or intended use of fuel gases such as natural gas, LP Gas, or biogas. AS/NZS 5601.2 Gas installations - Part 2: LP Gas installations in caravans and boats for non-propulsive purposes This standard provides essential requirements and deemed-to-comply solutions, to promote uniform standards of gas installation and to provide a stand-alone standard for LP Gas installations in caravans and boats for non-propulsive purposes. NZS 3604 Timber-framed buildings During residential work, you are likely to refer to New Zealand Standard 3604:2011 Timber Framed Buildings (NZS 3604). The Standard provides ‘suitable methods and details for the design and construction of timber framed buildings up to 3 storeys high’ that do not require specific engineering design. NZS 3604 is referenced in Acceptable Solution for Building Code clause E2 External Moisture, E2/AS1. It provides design details with drawings and tables for: roof framing building envelope – roof and wall claddings You can follow: NZS 3604 for structure, and E2/AS1 for the roof and wall claddings. Work that follows NZS 3604: 2011 automatically complies with Building Code requirements (for some Building Code Clauses such as Structure). 30536.1 Page 29 of 50 NZS 4219 Seismic performance of engineering systems in buildings This Standard sets out the criteria for the seismic performance of building services or engineering systems in buildings, and the requirements for the design, construction, and installation of seismic restraints for engineering systems in buildings. It helps prevent loss of life and provides protection of property for all New Zealanders by ensuring engineering systems in buildings are securely restrained for an earthquake. Where the engineering system supports critical lifesaving functions, the use of the Standard will help ensure the system continues to function during and after an earthquake. The Standard has been written to assist both users carrying out non-specific engineering design (sections 1, 2, 3, and 5), and users carrying out specific structural engineering design (sections 1, 2, 4, and 5). Appendix D of the Standard provides useful examples for calculating and selecting the appropriate anchors and bracing design for common engineering services. NZS 4219:2009 provides a means of compliance with the New Zealand Building Code, Clause B1 Structure; Clause G10 Piped services; and Clause G14 Industrial liquid waste. Accessing standards Standards New Zealand All the standards listed above can be purchased from the Standards New Zealand Website; https://www.standards.govt.nz/. My Skills As a trainee, you also have access to these from your My Skills portal. 1. Login 2. Select Training 3. Then link to Industry Standards. These are available while you have a login to My Skills. 30536.1 Page 30 of 50 Activity 5 1. Which Act oversees the management of our air, water, land and soil in NZ? Resource Management Act 1991 Conservation Act 1987 Reserves Act 1977 Public Works Act 1981 2. Who prepares the regional plans for the management of our air, water, land and soil in New Zealand? The Ministry for the Environment The Regional Council The District or City Council The local IWI 3. Identify whether the following statements are true or false by crossing out the incorrect answer. Resource consents only apply to new buildings True False Compliance with New Zealand Standards is generally voluntary True False If a standard is sited in an Act, regulation or other legislative True False instrument, it still remains a voluntary option for compliance. An acceptable solution outlined in a standard becomes mandatory True False if referenced in a regulation 4. Write the number of the standard that relates to each of the following subjects. Choose from; 3500.1, 3500.2, 3604, 4219, 5601 Standard Subject Timber-framed buildings Sanitary plumbing and drainage Gas Installations Seismic performance of engineering systems in buildings Water services Check your answers at the back of this study guide. 30536.1 Page 31 of 50 Key Stakeholders All the acts of legislation, the regulations that come under them, and the standards and codes that provide solutions for compliance that we have covered are administered and regulated by government agencies and organisations (stakeholders). Below is a list of how these stakeholders relate to each other and on the following page is a chart to illustrate some of these stakeholders. Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment (MBIE) MBIE was formed in July 2012 and it oversees New Zealand’s built environment and accordingly, oversees a range of Acts and legislation including: Building Act 2004 and the New Zealand Building Code Gas Act 1992 Formed under the Gas Act are: - Gas (Safety and Measurement) Regulations 2010 - Gas Industry Co (GIC) develops and makes recommendations to the Minister of Energy and Resources under the co-regulatory governance arrangements applying to the downstream gas industry. - Energy Safety, part of WorkSafe, responsible for the administration and development of parts of the Gas Act, and for regulations and Codes of Practice relating to safety, quality and measurement of gas. Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA) Formed under HSWA are: - Worksafe Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Act 2006 Formed under the Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Act are: - Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Board Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Act 1997 Standards New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) and the Ministry for the Environment (MfE) DIA is responsible for Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Regulations 2010 Gazette Notices Ministry for the Environment is responsible for the Resource Management Act 1991. 30536.1 Page 32 of 50 Ministry of Ministry for Business, Department of the Innovation, and Internal Affairs Environment Employment (DIA) (mfE) (MBIE) Plumbers, Health and Plumbers, Trans-Tasman Gasfitters, and Resource Building Act Safety at Gasfitters, and Mutual Standards Gazette Gas Act 1992 Drainlayers Management 2004 Work Act Drainlayers Recognition New Zealand Notices Regulations Act1991 2015 Act 2006 Act 1997 2010 Gas (Safety Plumbers, The New and AS/NZS 3500 Gasfitters, and Zealand Measurement) Worksafe set, AS/NZS Drainlayers Building Code Regulations 5601 set Board 2010 Gas Industry Energy Safety Co (GIC) 30536.1 Page 33 of 50 Health and Safety at Work On 4 April 2016, the Health and Safety at Work Act (HSWA) came into force, replacing the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992. In New Zealand, too many people die or are seriously hurt while working. Our statistics show that every year; 52 people die on the job, hundreds more are seriously injured, and 600-900 die from work-related diseases. On 19 November 2010 an explosion at the Pike River coal mine resulted in the deaths of 29 men. The Government established the Royal Commission to report on what had happened and to recommend changes to prevent similar tragedies occurring. The report was a serious wake-up call for us all. The legacy we leave to the Pike River 29 is to ensure such a tragedy never happens again. Common injuries in the plumbing, gasfitting and drainlaying industry Injury type Consequence Example of how the injury happened Ear injuries Number of claims: 410 “I have had continuous exposure to loud Injury cost: $316,998 noise in the work environment over the last Days lost: 0 20 years, and now have poor hearing and tinnitus.” Lower back / Number of claims: 401 “I was lifting a toilet pan and had sudden spine injuries Injury cost: $706,607 onset of pain in the right side of my back Days lost: 4,819 which spread down the right leg as far as the ankle.” Finger / thumb Number of claims: 274 “I was pulling iron guttering, the gutter hit in injuries Injury cost: $338,516 on the right hand, cutting my finger.” Days lost: 2,188 Hand / wrist Number of claims: 186 “I was putting up spouting at work which injuries Injury cost: $354,635 caused an old injury to split open on my right Days lost: 2,212 hand.” Knee injuries Number of claims: 182 “I was walking on a pipe while drainlaying Injury cost: $562,767 and my left leg slipped and my left knee Days lost: 3,356 became trapped between the pipe and the trench.” Shoulder / Number of claims: 167 “I was breaking up concrete on the footpath clavicle injuries Injury cost: $793,811 with a sledge hammer, swinging the hammer Days lost: 3,672 back, I had a sudden onset of pain in my shoulder.” The information in the table above was calculated by ACC using data from 2014. Note: Because of ‘near misses’ / lack of reporting, incidents within the industry are likely to be much higher. 30536.1 Page 34 of 50 Roles, Rights, Responsibilities Everyone at work has a duty to do what they possibly and reasonably can to eliminate or minimise the likelihood of certain consequences (death, injury, or illness) occurring when a person is exposed to a hazard. There are four duty holders under HSWA: 1. PCBUs 2. Officers 3. Workers, and 4. Other persons at workplaces. PCBUs A PCBU is a ‘person conducting a business or undertaking’. While a PCBU may be an individual person (e.g. a sole trader) or an organisation, in most cases the PCBU will be an organisation (e.g. a business entity such as a company). A PCBU must do what they possibly and reasonably can to ensure the health and safety of workers (e.g. employees or contractors, including their subcontractors or workers) while they are at work and that other persons are not put at risk by the work of the business. The primary duty of care is a broad overarching duty. It includes, but is not limited to: providing and maintaining a work environment that is without risks to health and safety providing and maintaining safe plant and structures providing and maintaining safe systems of work ensuring the safe use, handling and storage of plant, structures and substances providing adequate facilities for the welfare at work of workers in carrying out work for the business or undertaking, including ensuring access to those facilities providing any information, training, instruction, or supervision that is necessary to protect all persons from risks to their health and safety arising from work carried out as part of the conduct of the business or undertaking monitoring the health of workers and the conditions at the workplace for the purpose of preventing injury or illness of workers arising from the conduct of the business PCBUs must also maintain any worker accommodation they provide so the worker is not exposed to health and safety risks. They cannot contract out their duties but can enter reasonable agreements with other PCBUs to meet their duties. 30536.1 Page 35 of 50 Officers An officer includes, for example, company directors and chief executives. Officers must exercise due diligence to make sure that the PCBU complies with its health and safety duties. This means they need to: Acquire, and keep up to date, knowledge of work health and safety matters. Gain an understanding of the nature of the operations and generally of the hazards and risks associated. Ensure that the PCBU has available for use, and uses, appropriate resources and processes to eliminate or minimise risks to health and safety from work carried out. Ensure that the PCBU has, and implements, processes for complying with any duty or obligation under HSWA. Ensure that the PCBU has appropriate processes for receiving and considering information regarding incidents, hazards, and risks and for responding in a timely way to that information. Workers Workers include employees, contractors, subcontractors, labour hire workers, apprentices and trainees, and volunteer workers. Workers have their own health and safety duties. They must: take reasonable care for their own health and safety take reasonable care that what they do or do not do does not adversely affect the health and safety of other persons co-operate with any reasonable workplace health and safety policy or procedure that has been notified to workers comply, so far as reasonably able, with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, so that the PCBU can comply with HSWA and regulations. Backlash from your workmates Workers should be able to carry out health and safety-related activities or functions without worrying that there may be negative consequences. All current or prospective workers are protected from discrimination and dismissal by a PCBU for carrying out health and safety-related activities or raising health and safety issues or concerns. Right of a worker to cease work A worker can refuse to work, or stop work, if they believe that doing the work would expose them or another person to a serious health or safety risk arising from immediate or imminent exposure to a hazard. A trained health and safety representative (HSR) may direct unsafe work to cease. 30536.1 Page 36 of 50 The worker needs to tell the PCBU as soon as possible that they have stopped work. The PCBU may direct the worker to carry out alternative work, as long as that work is safe and appropriate, and within the scope of their contract or employment agreement. Workers can continue to refuse to work if: they try to resolve the matter with the PCBU as soon as possible after first refusing to work and the matter is not resolved and they believe on reasonable grounds that doing the work would put them or another person at a serious health or safety risk (including where they are told by an HSR that this is the case). Workers cannot refuse work if the nature of the work usually carries understood health and safety risks and these risks have not materially increased. An HSR, a worker, or the PCBU can ask WorkSafe to assist in resolving any issues relating to a worker stopping or refusing to do work. Other persons Other persons at workplaces, including workplace visitors and casual volunteers, need to: take reasonable care for their own health and safety take reasonable care to ensure that others are not harmed by something they do, or do not do comply, as far as they are reasonably able, with the PCBU’s reasonable health and safety instructions that are given so that the PCBU can comply with HSWA or regulations. Other persons need to take reasonable care that anything they do (or do not do) will not cause others harm or they can be held legally responsible. 30536.1 Page 37 of 50 Activity 6 1. Fill in the missing spaces for each statement below. Our statistics show that every year: _______________ people die on the job, hundreds more are seriously injured, and _______________ die from work-related diseases. 2. There are new terms to describe different people/entities under HSWA. Write beside each person/entity below, what the new term is. Business Managing Director Employee Contractor Visitor Sole Trader 3. Refer to the chart in the last section (common injuries in the plumbing, gasfitting and drainlaying industry), to choose the correct word to complete the statement below. The most days off work were for injuries related to: Ears Fingers/Thumbs Lower Back/Spine Hands/Wrists Knees Shoulders/ clavicle Check your answers at the back of this study guide 30536.1 Page 38 of 50 Practical ways of reducing your health and safety risk The following information will help you to reduce your health and safety risk at work. You should always follow these tips to help keep yourself, your workmates and other people safe at a worksite. More information on all of these topics are available on the WorkSafe website. Remember that many workplace accidents and injuries may have not only short term, but also long term effects on health, ability to return to work and overall quality of life. Worksite safety Always follow company health and safety policies and instructions, and make sure you are familiar with any hazards present at the site. Get / provide training on the potential hazards at the work site. Place, stack, or store materials and equipment so they will not cause injury to yourself or other workers. Remove unwanted materials and construction waste from the worksite so that it does not accumulate. Personal protective equipment (PPE) Use appropriate PPE and/or RPE for the task at hand. For example, hard hats, eye protection, face protection, ear protection, knee pads, gloves, breathing apparatus. Wear appropriate footwear (safety footwear with toe protection and a non-slip sole). Workplace practices Follow a recommended shift work pattern and make sure you rotate your tasks and take appropriate breaks. Avoid awkward body positions and repetitive manual tasks or take frequent breaks. Lifting Use mechanical load shifting devices such as cranes, hoists and hand trucks to move materials around the worksite. Fit temporary lifting points or handles to heavy or awkward loads. Reduce the size and / or weight of the load. Learn safe lifting techniques. If you are required to manually lift or carry a heavy object or awkward materials that you cannot safely manage alone, make sure you have adequate help. Back / spine / shoulder protection Avoid working in awkward positions or performing awkward manual tasks which increase the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Avoid overreaching when carrying out your work. This is one of the major contributions to a person overloading shoulder and back muscles. 30536.1 Page 39 of 50 Avoid sudden, uncontrolled or jerky movements. Use mechanical load shifting devices such as cranes, hoists and hand trucks to move materials around the worksite. Manual and power tools Operate all tools (hand and power) in accordance with instructions e.g. PPE required. Cut away from your face and body to avoid cuts and punctures. Keep tools and equipment, and their safety features, in good working order. Repair or replace damaged equipment immediately. Ensure power tools are properly grounded or double-insulated. Be cautious when working on metal pipes - if you feel tingling when touching a metal pipe, stop work immediately. Hazardous substances Hazardous substances that we may come into contact within our industry include lead, sulphur dioxide, asbestos, adhesives, solvents, solder, and other toxic or carcinogenic substances. Buildings constructed before 1990 are likely to contain asbestos- containing materials (ACM). Make sure you are familiar with any hazardous substances that are present at a site you are working at, and always follow company health and safety policies and instructions. Material safety data sheets (MSDSs) are a good resource to use. Biohazards Biohazards that we may come into contact within our industry include raw sewage (when working on sewage pipes or septic tank outlets), contaminated soil (when laying new pipes in soil), mould, and potential infection from bird or rodent droppings. Make sure you are familiar with any biohazards that are present at a site you are working at and always follow company health and safety policies and instructions. Avoid exposure to biohazards by wearing appropriate PPE. For example, gloves, overalls, rubber boots, eye protection. When you finish work, wash immediately with antibacterial soap and water. Always decontaminate your equipment after use if working at a site where biohazards are present. Soiled work clothes should be sealed in a plastic bag and laundered separately from other clothing. Working at heights Workers in this environment should complete an accredited working at heights course. When working at height, always follow company health and safety policies and instructions. Use appropriate scaffolding or fall protection and other precautions to help prevent falls. Make sure you have the correct type of ladder for the job. 30536.1 Page 40 of 50 Activity 7 To follow are some scenarios, followed by a question. Write your answers below the questions, then check the answers at the back of this study guide. ABC Ltd. Scenario 1 ABC Ltd. has the contract to run, from the house pipework, a new pipe in a short shallow trench and connect to an old large concrete tank that is onsite. This is to be a second water storage supply to the domestic dwelling. This dwelling is on a small lifestyle block 45 minutes out of town. The owner has stated they think it was an old water tank but they are not sure. The job will require a person to get inside the tank to inspect it and, if required, clean and disinfect it. The tank will also need a new 50mm diameter outlet hole. Two team members Tim and John are to carry out this work. What actions can be taken to reduce the health and safety risk when carrying out this work? 30536.1 Page 41 of 50 ABC Ltd. Scenario 2 ABC Ltd. is carrying out the installation of a new ablution block in an old factory. The corrugated iron roof on this building is 10m high at the lowest point. The last part of the job is to install the top section of a vent pipe that is to pass through the roof which is set back 5m from the bottom edge, and to set in place and connect two 45kg LPG cylinders. What actions can be taken to reduce the health and safety risk when carrying out this work? Check your answers at the back of this study guide 30536.1 Page 42 of 50 Glossary and websites Words and terms ACC Accident Compensation Corporation Acts Laws established under authority by the government BCA Building Consent Authority Codes Provide a model of how an Act or regulation can be complied with Gazette A Gazette is another name for a newsletter, journal, newspaper, etc. In New Zealand a gazette is the official publication of a government organisation or institution to communicate official notifications, and notices. Once published, a gazette becomes a public record. GSMR Gas (Safety and Measurement) Regulations 2010 HSWA Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 Local authority A local authority means a regional or territorial authority NZBC New Zealand Building Code PGDB Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers Board PDG regs Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Regulations 2010 Regional council A regional council is one type of local authority. Some district and city councils also have the powers of regional councils, these are referred to as unitary authorities Regulations Support the Acts by going into further detail on how the Act can be complied with RMA Resource Management Act 1991 Standards Provide potential solutions to issues, resolve problems, and provide ways to comply with legislation Territorial This is a type of local authority. They are either city or district authority (TA) councils, and there are no differences in the way that they operate The Board Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers Board 30536.1 Page 43 of 50 Useful websites Note. You don’t have to put ‘www’ in front of the web address. Just start with the website name as shown below in the browser window and the site will load. Once the page has loaded, use the search box to find what you are looking for. Skills skills.org.nz MySkills portal.skills.org.nz Legislation legislation.govt.nz The board pdgb.co.nz Gazettes gazette.govt.nz Building performance building.govt.nz Gas industry gasindustry.co.nz WorkSafe worksafe.govt.nz Resource Management Act mfe.govt.nz/rma Standards standards.govt.nz ACC acc.co.nz 30536.1 Page 44 of 50 Activity answers Activity 1 1. What are the two main reasons for the Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Act 2006? To protect the health and safety of the public To make sure people doing the work are registered and licenced 2. Who is responsible for setting the minimum standards for registration of plumbers, gasfitters, or drainlayers? The Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Board 3. Aside from being registered, what else do you need before you can legally carry out plumbing, gasfitting, or drainlaying work? A current licence 4. How often do you need to apply for a licence? Your practicing licence needs to be renewed annually on or before 1 April if you are continuing to work in the trade 5. Does a qualified tradesman need supervising? Yes 6. What work can a Limited Certificate Trainee do? They can do sanitary plumbing and/or gasfitting work and/or drainlaying work but a Certifying person must ensure it is done competently 30536.1 Page 45 of 50 7. How can you prove you are competent in order to become registered as a tradesperson? By passing the Board exam and achieving the NZ L4 Certificate for the trade (plumbing, gasfitting, or drainlaying) 8. Who carries out discipline and prosecution for any people who operate in the plumbing, gasfitting, or drainlaying trades without a licence? The Board 9. How does the Board communicate official information such as the registration and licencing requirements of plumbers, gasfitters, and drainlayers? By issuing a gazette notice 10. What does the Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Act mean for a registered plumber, gasfitter, or drainlayer? It means they are entitled to practise an equivalent occupation in the other country, without further testing or examination 11. Can the PGD Board accept an anonymous complaint about a tradesperson? Yes No 12. What type of complaints can be considered by the PGD Board? Conduct that might be a disciplinary offence as set out in section 89 of the Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Act 2006 13. If someone makes a complaint about you, and the Board accepts it, do you have an opportunity to defend yourself? Yes No 30536.1 Page 46 of 50 Activity 2 1. The Plumbing, Gasfitting, and Drainlaying regulations 2010 outline the requirements for gasfitters. Licenced employers must develop and maintain a manual. What are three things that need to be included in the manual? Any three of: the gasfitting that will be undertaken under the licence; the names of employed gasfitters and the skills and training required in order to carry out each kind of gasfitting; the names of employees and their skills and training The location and address of their workplace(s) and a contact person for the licence. procedures for; - carrying out, supervising, and monitoring the gasfitting; and - Investigating and taking action following any injuries or damage when carrying out gasfitting 2. Under the Gas Act, there are two organisations responsible for regulating the gas industry. Who are these two organisations? WorkSafe and Gas Industry Company Limited (Gas Industry Co) 3. Name at least three people or organisations that the Gas (Safety and Measurement) Regulations 2010 apply to: Anyone who designs, or supervises the design of, installs, manufactures, maintains, owns, supplies, sells, hires, or operates a gas distribution system, gas installation or part installation, gas appliance, or fitting 4. If you notice any gas installation or gas appliance that you believe is dangerous to life or property, what are you obliged to do? Notify the owner or occupier, and WorkSafe, as soon as you can 5. The purpose of the Building Act is to regulate building work and to set performance standards so that buildings are: Safe and healthy, Escapable, and Sustainable. 30536.1 Page 47 of 50 Activity 3 and 4 1. Clause G6/AS1, 1.0.1 Sound transmission through building elements, shall be minimised by using one or more of the following construction techniques: Avoidance of rigid service connections (e.g. in plumbing) where.… The reticulation passes through noise control building elements separating different occupancies 2. Clause E3/AS1 3.3.6 Urinals Impervious wall shall extend horizontally at least … and … 300 mm beyond each side of the urinal and vertically from floor level to a height of 1500 mm. 3. Clause E2/AS1, 4.2 Selection of flashing materials Flashing materials shall take into account the following factors: a) The requirements of NZBC Clause B2 Durability b) The environment where the building is located c) The specific conditions of use, and d) Consideration of the surrounding materials 4. Clauses C1-C6 Protection from fire, C2.2 The maximum surface temperature of combustible building materials close to fixed appliances using controlled combustion and other fixed equipment when operating at their design level must … Not exceed 90°C Activity 5 1. Which Act oversees the management of our air, water, land and soil in Zealand? Resource Management Act 1991 Conservation Act 1987 Reserves Act 1977 Public Works Act 1981 30536.1 Page 48 of 50 2. Who prepares the regional plans for the management of our air, water, land and soil in New Zealand? The Ministry for the Environment The Regional Council The District or City Council The local IWI 3. Identify whether the following statements are true or false by crossing out the incorrect answer. Resource consents only apply to new buildings True False Compliance with New Zealand Standards is generally voluntary True

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