25a67591-c5a9-4c20-9308-63e88b5057a3_NERVOUS_SYSTEM__REPRODUCTIVE_SYSTEM.pdf

NERVOUS SYSTEM & REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Created @August 22, 2024 6:05 PM Class SCIENCE - BIOLOGY Type Lecture Reviewed WHY DO YOU THINK WE ARE MADE WITH DIFFERENT SYSTEMS?...

NERVOUS SYSTEM & REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Created @August 22, 2024 6:05 PM Class SCIENCE - BIOLOGY Type Lecture Reviewed WHY DO YOU THINK WE ARE MADE WITH DIFFERENT SYSTEMS? ORGAN SYSTEM A group of organs that works together to perform a specific function THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Main Divisions of Man’s Nervous System Central Nervous Systems (CNS) consists of: Brain Spinal Cords Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) consists of: Somatic Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) Brain NERVOUS SYSTEM & REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 1  The control center of the body. Moist and spongy organ with an average of 3 pounds in weight. It consists of 10 billion neurons that control everything a person does, such as thoughts, movements, memory, and sense. PARTS OF THE BRAIN Cerebrum Your cerebrum inteprets sights, sounds and touches. It also regulates emotions, reasoning and learning. Your cerebrum makes up about 80% of your brain. Cerebellum Your cerebellum maintains your balance, posture, cooordination and fine motor skills. It”s located in the back of your brain. Brainstem Your brainstem regulates many automatic body functions. You don’t consciously control these functions, like your heart rate, breathing, sleep and wake cycles, amd swallowing. Spinal Cord A rod of brain tissue that extends about two-thirds of the way down the back, just below the ribs Nerves Neves are like cables that carry electrical impluses between your brain and the rest of your body. These impluses help you feel sensations and move your muscles. Neuron Cell Neurons are responsible for sending and receiving neurotransmitters—chemicals that carry information between brain cells. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Somatic Nervous System Is made up of twelve pairs of nerves which originate from the brain and 31 pairs of nerves. It is responsible for actions that a person can control such as skeletal NERVOUS SYSTEM & REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 2  muscles and sensory neurons of the skin. This is under conscious voluntary control. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Connects the brain and spinal cord to muscles which are not under the control of our will. For example, involuntary muscles help digest food, heartbeat and breathing. The automomic nervous system is important in maintaing homeostasis Sympathetic Nervous System prepares the body for action and stress Parasympathetic Nervous System helps the body to conserve energy HOMEOSTASIS (Homeo - Similar)(Stasis - Stable) A state of balance among all the body systems needed for the body to survive and functuon correctly. In other words, homeostasis is a mdchanism that maintains a stable internat environment despite the changes present in the external environment. The body works best when internal conditions are within an acceptance range; homeostasis helps to do this. Regulation of Homeostasis The regulation of homeostasis depends on three mechanisms: 1. Effector 2. Receptor 3. Control Center The entire process continously works to maintain homeostasis regulation. FEEDBACK LOOP Receptor NERVOUS SYSTEM & REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 3  As the name suggests, the receptor is the sensing component responsible for monitoring and responding to changes in the external or internl environment. Control Center The control center is also known as the integration center. It receives and processes information from the receptor. Effector The effector responds to the commands of the control cenere. It ccould either oppose or enhance the stimulus. External Stimuli: Fight or Flight Nerves release chemicals in our body (adrenaline) during stressful moments. NERVOUS SYSTEM & REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 4