Lam Tai Fai College S2 Geography 23/24 Workbook PDF

Lam Tai Fai College S2 Geography 23/24 Module C2 Living with natural hazard Chapter 4-5 Workbook Student Name Class Class No. Marks / 36 S2 GEOG (C2) CH 4-5 Glossary English Chinese...

Lam Tai Fai College S2 Geography 23/24 Module C2 Living with natural hazard Chapter 4-5 Workbook Student Name Class Class No. Marks / 36 S2 GEOG (C2) CH 4-5 Glossary English Chinese Chapter 4-5 1. Crust 地殼 2. Mantle 地幔 3. Core 地核 4. Plate 板塊 5. Plate boundary 板塊邊界 6. Convection currents 岩漿對流 7. Seismic wave 地震波 8. Focus 震源 9. Richter Scale 黎克特制 10. Aftershock 餘震 11. Primary effect 直接影響 12. Secondary effect 次生影響 13. Seismometers 地震儀 14. Shock-proof 防震 15. Evacuation route 逃生路線 16. Land use zoning 土地利用分區 17. Emergency assistance 緊急救援 18. Rehabilitation 重建 19. Corruption 貪污 20. Geothermal energy 地熱能 21. Hot spring 溫泉 22. Vulnerability 容易受影響 23. Hazard-prone areas 易受災害易影響區域 24. Underestimate 低估 2 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH 4-5 Contents Living with natural hazards (Chapter 4-5) Pages Glossary 2 Multiple Choice Questions 4-7 Fill in the Blanks 8 Matching 9 Data-based Questions 10-11 Total 3 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH 4-5 Part A: Multiple Choice Questions (10 marks; 1 mark each) Choose the best option in each question. Write the corresponding letter in the boxes provided. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. C A D D B C B C D B 1. Refer to the figure below. Which of the following are the characteristics of Layer X? (1) Presence of magma (2) Highest temperature (3) Highest density A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 2. On which plate is Hong Kong located? A. Eurasian Pacific Plate B. Pacific Plate C. Indo-Australian Plate D. South American Plate 4 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH 4-5 3. Refer to the map below. Which of the following descriptions about the shaded area are correct? (1) 90% of the world’s earthquakes are found in this area. (2) This area is known as the Pacific Ring of Fire. (3) This area overlaps the plate boundary. A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 4. Which of the following cities is NOT located in earthquake zones? A. Tokyo B. Java C. San Francisco D. Beijing 5. Which of the following earthquakes is the most destructive if other variables are the same? Magnitude Depth of focus (km) A. 7 90 B. 7 40 C. 5 90 D. 5 40 5 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH 4-5 6. If you are in the classroom when an earthquake occurs, what should you do immediately? A. Escape by lift B. Jump off the building C. Protect your head D. Call the police for help 7. Which of the following land use planning designs help reduce the damage caused by earthquakes? (1) Restricting building heights (2) High development density in high-risk areas (3) Design evacuation sites A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 8. Why do many Haitians still live in the hazard-prone areas? (1) The natural hazards do not cause serious casualties (2) Poverty (3) Do not want to lose their social ties A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 6 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH 4-5 9. Why is Japan densely populated although it is a hazard-prone country? (1) High standard of living (2) Well-developed infrastructure (3) High level of technology A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 10. Refer to the photo below. Why is the type of assistance shown in the photo important to the country? (1) It is a less developed country. (2) The government efficient is high. (3) A natural hazard usually causes widespread damage to the country. A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 7 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH 4-5 Part B: Fill in the Blanks (10 marks; 1 mark each) Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. Hints are given in some questions. 1. mantle 2. core 3. crust 4. convection currents 5. plate boundary 6. seismometer 7. Richter 8. aftershocks 9. shock-proof 10. geothermal ⚫ The (1) is made up of semi-molten magma and solid rock. ⚫ The innermost layer of the Earth is the (2). ⚫ The outermost layer of the Earth is the (3). ⚫ The (4) in the mantle drive the plates to move slowly. ⚫ The area where two plates meet is known as the (5). ⚫ Scientists detect seismic activities with the use of (6). ⚫ The energy released in an earthquake is measured by the (7) Scale. ⚫ Earthquakes of high magnitude usually have a series of (8) that cause further damage. ⚫ In some earthquake-prone regions, buildings have (9) design to ensure they can withstand the shaking of the ground during earthquakes.. ⚫ In volcanic areas, (10) energy can be developed using the heat of magma. 8 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH 4-5 Part C: Matching (6 marks; 1 mark each) Match column A with column B. Column A Column B (Impact of earthquakes) (Type of impact) 1. Flooding 1. b a. Primary effect 2. Damage of roads 2. a b. Secondary effect 3. Fires 3. b 4. Tsunamis 4. b 5. Collapse of buildings Landslides 5. a 6. Landslides 6. b 9 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH 4-5 Part D: Data-based Questions (10 marks) Study the source carefully and answer all questions. Figure 1 shows a natural hazard. Figure 1. 1. Identify the natural hazard shown in Figure 1. (1 mark) Earthquake (1). 2. How is this natural hazard formed? (4 marks) (Unit4.2 TB P.51) Plates move due to convection currents (1) Pressure builds up along the plate boundaries (1) Pressure exceeds the limit of rocks (1) Rocks break and move suddenly (1) Energy is released in seismic waves (1) 10 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH 4-5 3. Suggest ONE preventive measures and ONE remedial measures to respond to the negative impacts of this natural hazard. (2 marks) (Unit4.4 TB P.56-58) Preventive measure: Monitoring and warning system (1) / Shock-proof building design (1) / Education (1) / Drills (1) / Better land use zoning (1) Preventive measure: Monitoring and warning system (1) / Shock-proof building design (1) / Education (1) / Drills (1) / Better land use zoning (1) Remedial measure: Emergency assistance (1) / Rehabilitation (1) Remedial measure: Emergency assistance (1) / Rehabilitation (1) 4. Why do many people still stay in this zone although there are frequent natural hazards? Suggest three possible reasons. (3 marks) (Unit5.3 TB P.68-71) High level of economic development (1) Rich natural resources (1) Mild climate (1) Personal factors (1) Poverty (1) Language barrier (1) Lack of skills (1) Strong social ties with families and friends (1) Unfamiliarity with new environments (1) Tight immigration policies (1) 11 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH3 Lam Tai Fai College S2 Geography 24/25 Module C2 Living with natural hazard Chapter 3 Workbook Student Name Class 2______ Class No. ( ) Marks 1 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH3 Glossary English Chinese Chapter 1-2 1. Relief 地勢 2. Lowland 低地 3. Plain 平原 4. Highland 高地 5. Reclamation 填海 6. New town 新市鎮 7. Landslide 山泥傾瀉 8. Gravity 重力 9. Cohesion 內聚力 10. Slope angle 坡度角 11. Granite 花崗岩 12. Joint 節理 13. Weathering 風化 14. Cut slope 削坡 15. Fill slope 填土坡 16. Concrete 混凝土 17. Weep hole 排水孔 18. Surface channel 排水明渠 19. Soil nail 泥釘 20. Retaining wall 擋土牆 21. Stone pitching 砌石護面 22. Flexible barrier 柔性防護網 23. Rigid barrier 泥石壩 24. Squatter hut 寮屋 25. Risk assessment 風險評估 26. Landslip Warning 山泥傾瀉警告 27. Rehabilitation 復修 28. Deforestation 濫伐林木 29. Commercial logging 商業性伐木 30. Soil erosion 土壤侵蝕 31. Hydro-electric power 水力發電 2 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH3 Contents Living with natural hazards (Chapter 3) Pages Glossary 2 Multiple Choice Questions 4-6 Fill in the Blanks 8 Matching 9 Data-based Questions 10-11 3 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH3 Part A: Multiple Choice Questions (10 marks; 1 mark each) Choose the best option in each question. Write the corresponding letter in the boxes provided. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. C D B D D D A A C B 1. Where can we find natural lowlands in Hong Kong? (1) Tai Mo Shan (2) Yuen Long Plain (3) Sheung Shui-Fanling Plain A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 2. What types of land could be found in Hong Kong? (1) Natural lowlands (2) Man-made lowlands (3) Highlands A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 3. Rearrange the following sentences to describe the formation of landslides. (1) Heavy rainfall occur during summer. (2) Mass of rocks and soil slide down due to the pull of gravity. (3) The cohesion between soil particles reduced. A. (1)→(2)→(3) B. (1)→(3)→(2) C. (2)→(1)→(3) D. (2)→(3)→(1) 4 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH3 4. Which of the following factors are contributing to the formation of landslides? (1) Heavy rainfall (2) Steep slopes (3) Strong weathering A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 5. Which of the following situation are the human factors in causing landslides? (1) Building roads and houses on natural slopes without maintenance (2) Man-made slopes are built in 1970s with poor design (3) Cracked slope surfaces on man-made slope A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 6. What are the impacts of landslides? (1) Damaging buildings (2) Blocking roads (3) Casualties A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 7. Which of the following are remedial measures carried out by the Hong Kong government? (1) Slope rehabilitation (2) Emergency relief (3) Warning system A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 5 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH3 8. Refer to the photo below. What kind of hardware engineering has been done in the above photo showing? (1) Retaining wall with concrete cover (2) Soil nail (3) Surface channel A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 9. What preventive measures can we do to reduce the impact caused by landslides? (1) Deforestation (2) Issue of Landslip Warning (3) Hardware engineering A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 10. Which of the following are good land use planning to lower the risk of landslides in Hong Kong? (1) Design the area based on risk assessments (2) Encourage slope development for more land supply (3) Remove squatter huts along the hillside A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 6 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH3 Part B: Fill in the Blanks (10 marks; 1 mark each) Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. 1. Relief 2. gravity 3. man-made 4. cohesion 5. property / economic 6. Collapsed 7. maintenance 8. engineering 9. debris 10. awareness ⚫ (1) refers to the changes in the height of the land. ⚫ Landslide is the rapid movement of a mass of soil or rocks down a slope due to the pull of ___(2). ⚫ Many natural slopes have been cut of filled to create (3) ___________slopes. ⚫ Heavy rainfall fill the pores between soil particles, reducing the (4) of slope materials. ⚫ Landslides damage buildings, roads and other infrastructure, resulting in (5) loss. ⚫ (6) soil often blocks roads and disrupt traffic. ⚫ Preventive measures include regular (7) of slope, (8) works, Land use planning, , setting up warning systems and education. ⚫ In emergency relief, rock (9) on the roads is cleared to restore transport services. ⚫ To raise public (10) of slope safety, the government provides information through exhibitions and TV advertisements. 7 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH3 Part C: Matching (7 marks; 1 mark each) Match column A with column B. Column A Column B (Photos of hardware engineering) (Name of hardware engineering) 1. 1. c a. Surface channel 2. 2. a b. Rigid barriers 3. 3. b c. Concrete covers Column A Column B (Name of hardware engineering) (Usage) 1. Flexible barriers 1. d a. Improve slope appearance 2. Soil nails 2. c b. Drain excess water 3. Greening 3. a c. Support slopes 4. Weep holes 4. b d. trap sliding materials 8 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH3 Part D: Data-based Questions (19 marks) Study the source carefully and answer all questions. Photo 1 shows a natural hazard. Figure 2 shows the average rainfall in Hong Kong and the number of tropical cyclones that affect the city. Photo 1. Figure 2. 1. Refer to Photo 1, identify the natural hazard. (1 mark) Landslide(s) (1) 2. Refer to Photo 1, what are the possible human factors that cause this hazard? (3 marks) Development on natural slopes (1) Eg. Buildings and roads Cut slope (1) Poor maintenance of man-made slopes (1) 9 of 11 S2 GEOG (C2) CH3 3. Refer to figure 2. Describe the distribution of rainfall and the occurrence of tropical cyclones in Hong Kong. (3 marks) Rainfall is mainly concentrated between _______May_______ and ____September____(month), during which the monthly average rainfall exceeds 250 mm. Tropical cyclones mostly affect Hong Kong between ___June____ and _____October_____ (month). In these months, tropical cyclones will bring large amounts of ____precipitation/rain_____. 4. Based on your answers above, state the season with the highest risk of landslide in Hong Kong and explain the reasons. (5 marks) Summer Rainfall: With heavy rainfall in Summer, the slope receives much water (1) Slope materials: Slope materials become heavier (1) Large amount of rainwater fill the pores between soil particles (1) Reducing the cohesion of slope materials (1) Due to gravity (1) The mass of soil or rocks are pulled down and forming landslide (1) 5. What are the negative impacts this hazard on Hong Kong? (2 marks) Casualties (1)/ Block roads and disrupt traffic (1)/ Damaging buildings, roads and other infrastructure (1) / Cost on clearing debris and repairing damaged facilities (1)/ Any reasonable answers (1) 6. Suggest two measures that Hong Kong government can do to respond to this natural hazard. (2 marks) Preventive measure: Engineering works (1)/ Clearing squatter areas (1)/ Risk assessment (1)/ Regular maintenance (1)/ Establishing warning signs near dangerous slopes (1)/ Landslip warning signal during heavy rainfall and high risk of landslides (1)/ Educaion to public through exhibition and TV advertisements. (1)/ Any other reasonable answers (1) Remedial measure: Providing immediate rescue and opening temporary shelters (1) / Cleaning up affected areas (1)/ Repairing slopes (1) 10 of 11