SI2101 Haematology Lecture 1: Blood Functions & Composition PDF
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Uploaded by PrudentRainforest
University of Galway
Dr. Louise Horrigan
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Summary
This document is a lecture on haematology, focusing on the functions and composition of blood. It details the transport functions, maintenance of homeostasis, immunity, and haemostasis. It also explores blood properties, including its components, such as plasma and formed elements. The lecture notes are from the University of Galway.
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SI2101 Haematology Lecture 1: Blood - Functions and Composition Dr. Louise Horrigan Physiology [email protected] University ofGalway.ie Learning To learn:...
SI2101 Haematology Lecture 1: Blood - Functions and Composition Dr. Louise Horrigan Physiology [email protected] University ofGalway.ie Learning To learn: The functions of blood Objectives of The constituents of blood Today’s Lecture Characteristics of plasma Characteristics of the formed elements Functions of blood Transport O2 and CO2 Hormones Nutrients & waste Maintenance of homeostasis Transport of hormones Heat regulation Regulation of pH Immunity White blood cells Antibodies & other mediators Haemostasis Blood clotting processes in balance with prevention of blood clotting Properties of blood Constitutes approximately 8% of body weight Female (4-5L), Male (5-6L) pH: 7.35 - 7.45 Osmolarity: 285 - 295 mOsm/L Viscosity (resistance to flow) relative to water Whole blood has viscosity 3.5 – 5.5 times that of water Density/specific gravity: 1.05g/ml Made up of formed elements and plasma Formed elements constitute 45% Plasma constitutes 55% University ofGalway.ie Blood collected in vaccutainers containing an anticoagulant (EDTA, citrate or heparin) Image licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license. Attribution: Tom Mallinson Tannim101 Image licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license. Centrifugation Attribution: KnuteKnudsen at English Wikipedia. Image from: https://www.fishersci.ca/shop/products/medifuge-small- benchtop-centrifuge/p-6558069 School Institute Name to go here Haematocrit or Packed Cell Volume (PCV) The % of a blood sample that is occupied by RBC Laboratory class activity: Measure your own haematocrit – 0.37 - 0.47 Females (37-47%) – 0.42 - 0.52 Males (42-52%) Image licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license. Attribution: KnuteKnudsen at English Wikipedia. Plasma Plasma is a complex mixture of –Water (91 - 93%) –Plasma proteins (6 - 8%) ~ 1400 identified –Other constituents –Nutrients –Glucose, lipids, amino acids –Nitrogenous wastes –Gases –Electrolytes Image from University –Hormones https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ human-biology/circulatory- ofGalway.ie pulmonary/a/components-of-the-blood Plasma Proteins Albumin ~ 60% Major contribution to viscosity Most plasma proteins are Fluid balance - oncotic pressure produced in the liver Carrier for hormones, drugs Globulins ~ 36% Alpha (), beta () and Transport of lipids, fat soluble vitamins, hormones Gamma () Antibodies - produced in lymphoid tissue Fibrinogens ~ 4% Blood clotting Others (
