2024 - lecture 1 Introduction to Anatomy (1)-1.pdf

Faculty of medicine FALL 2024 Foundation of Normal Human Structure BMS 111 Anatomy lectute 1 gu.edu. eg Foundation of normal human structure BMS 111 Anatomy &histology 10 Credit points  15TH WEEKS T...

Faculty of medicine FALL 2024 Foundation of Normal Human Structure BMS 111 Anatomy lectute 1 gu.edu. eg Foundation of normal human structure BMS 111 Anatomy &histology 10 Credit points  15TH WEEKS Teaching Lectures: 2 hours /week Methods Practical sessions: 2 hours/week  Continuous assessment : - Course work - Quizzes - Presentation / project - Portfolio Midterm exam: Assessment Final practical exam : Final written exam :  INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY Prof. Dr.: Eman Habib Prof. Dr.: Rania El-akad 5  AFTER THE SESSION STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO: 1- Describe the anatomical positions 2.Describe the different anatomical planes of the human body 3- Describe the different terms of position related to the trunk and limbs 6  WHAT DOES HUMAN ANATOMY TEACH? 7  ANATOMY Greek: Ana = apart - Tome = To cut Definition : The science of Anatomy deals with the structure and development of the body. 8  GROSS ANATOMY I- Regional Anatomy We study the anatomy of the region including all the parts and organs. Example: The Thorax ( the ribs, the lungs , the heart,…….) The Abdomen (liver , spleen, stomach,…….) Male chest anatomy of thorax with heart veins arteries and lungs  GROSS ANATOMY I- Regional Anatomy Scalp Head Body Regions Neck Face Shoulder Thorax Arm Upper Limb Abdomen Forearm Trunk Pelvis Hand Gluteal Thigh region Lower Limb Leg Foot  GROSS ANATOMY 2- Systemic Anatomy We study the anatomy of each system 11  GROSS ANATOMY 2- Systemic Anatomy We study the anatomy of each system 12  RADIOLOGICAL ANATOMY Radio-anatomy is anatomy discipline which involves the study of anatomy through the use of radiographic films. 13  DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY (EMBRYOLOGY) To study the development al changes to the Body before birth. 14  Body cavities Cranial Cranial cavity cavity Thoracic Thoracic cavity cavity Diaphragm Abdominal Abdominal cavity cavity Pelvic Pelvic cavity (b cavity ) (a ) 15 Anatomical Terminology 16  Anatomical Position Anatomical Position ✓ standing erect ✓ facing forward ✓ upper limbs at the sides ✓ palms of the hand facing forward ✓ thumbs out palm of the hand 17  Supine position: means the body is lying on the back. Prone position: means the body is lying on the front with face downwards 18  Body Planes (Sections) ❑ Anatomical planes are used to locate or describe the location of structures in the body. ❑ used to describe medical imaging (CT scan and MRI) 19  Body Planes (Sections) Sagittal = median = (Mid-sagittal) ▪ is a vertical plane which passes through the middle line ▪ dividing the body into two equal right and left halves. 20  Body Planes (Sections) Paramedian (parasagittal) plane ❑ is any vertical plane parallel to the median plane ❑ divides the body into unequal right and left parts. 21  Body Planes (Sections) Frontal or coronal plane: divides the body into anterior and posterior parts 22  Body Planes (Sections) Transverse or horizontal (cross section) is a plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions 23 Body Planes (Sections) 24  Body Planes (Sections) Median Parasagittal (midsagittal) plane plane Transverse A section along the (horizontal) median plane plane A section along a transverse plane Frontal (coronal) A section along a frontal plane plane © McGraw-Hill Higher Education, Inc./Joe De Grandis, photographer 25 TEST YOUR KNWOLEDGE 26 1- What does plane B indicate? A- Transverse B- Coronal C- Sagittal * D- Oblique 27 2- Which letter indicates the coronal plane? 1- C 2- D 3- E 28 Identify Body Sections in each diagram? (a) (b) (c) 29 30  Anterior and Posterior - Anterior (ventral) : means towards the front of the body. - Posterior (dorsal): means towards the back of the body. ✓ The ribs is …… to heart 31 ✓ The heart is …… to ribs - Medial : towards the median plane. - Lateral : away from the median plane ✓ The Heart is …… to lung ✓ The Lung is …… to heart 32  33 ✓ The mouth is …… to stomach ✓ The stomach is …… to mouth 34 35 - Superficial: towards the surface of the body. - Deep: away from the surface of the body. Skin 37 Unilateral and Bilateral 38  Ipsilateral and Contralateral - Ipsilateral: means the same side of the body. - Contralateral : means the opposite side of the body. QUESTIONS 40 Describe the relation of ….. 41 Describe the relation of ….. 42  4- The bone (1) is the …….. 1 Bone of the forearm a. Lateral b. Medial c. Anterior d. Posterior 2 5- The bone (2) is the …….. Bone of the leg a. Lateral b. Medial c. Anterior 43 d. Posterior References: 1 -Snell, R.S. (2004): “Clinical Embryology “. 7th Edition 2 -Clinically oriented anatomy, K.L. Moore & A. F. Dalley 3 -Grey's anatomy for students, Drake et. al. 4 -Sadler TW. Langman’s Medical Embryology, 10th edition. Lippin, Williams and Wikins 44 45