2024 Facts for Drivers OCR - Copy_131-131.pdf

Head Trauma: First Aid According to the American College of Emergency Physicians, most head trauma involves injuries that are minor and do not require hospitalization. However, dial 911 or call for EM assistance if any of the following signs are apparent: * Severe...

Head Trauma: First Aid According to the American College of Emergency Physicians, most head trauma involves injuries that are minor and do not require hospitalization. However, dial 911 or call for EM assistance if any of the following signs are apparent: * Severe head or facial bleeding - Bleeding from the nose or ears * Severe headache e Change in level of consciousness for more than a few seconds; confusion « Black-and-blue discoloration below the eyes or behind the ears - Cessation of breathing « Loss of balance « Weakness; inability to use an arm or leg « Unequal pupil size - Repeated vomiting * Slurred speech » Seizures If severe head trauma occurs: - Keep the person still. Keep the person lying with their head and shoulders somewhat elevated and calm in a darkened room until medical help arrives. Do not move the person unless necessary, and avoid moving their neck. - Stop any bleeding, but if you suspect a skull fracture do not apply any direct pressure. - Watch for changes in breathing and alertness. If the person shows no signs of blood circulation (not breathing, coughing or moving), begin CPR, if trained and in accordance with company policy. 131