2024-2025 - P5 Scientific Method.pdf

Scientific Method Primary 5  Arrange the steps of the Scientific Method into a correct order  6 5 1 4 2 3 Let’s Sing Together  Lesson Objectives Able to do proper 01 Identify and understand the Scien...

Scientific Method Primary 5  Arrange the steps of the Scientific Method into a correct order  6 5 1 4 2 3 Let’s Sing Together  Lesson Objectives Able to do proper 01 Identify and understand the Scientific Method 03 research, make a reference using Harvard steps style 02 04 Conduct an experiment, Able to make a proper making analysis and scientific question drawing conclusions properly  01 Question How to make a scientific question Scientific Question A scientific question states a problem and defines the goal of the experiment. Scientific Question Scientific Question A well-constructed scientific question must be OBJECTIVE and TESTABLE. - Can be proven as true or false - Based in fact, answered using data - Tests one variable at a time Scientific Question EXAMPLES 1. How do artificial sweeteners 2. Are series circuits better affect students? than parallel circuits? 3. How do different types of 4. How do temperature and soil affect the growth of humidity affect the rate of plants? evaporation? GROUPINGS! Go and sit with the group assigned to you. Bring your pencil and work together. Scientific Question Activity In your groups, discuss which questions are well constructed and which are poorly constructed. Write down the well constructed ones in the purple paper and the poorly constructed ones in white paper Scientific Question Well or Poor Constructed Questions? How do different liquids (water, juice, soda) affect plant growth? Why do plants grow? How do plants feel about different types of music? What would happen if water didn’t have a boiling point? What causes objects to sink or float? How does the type of soil affect plant growth? What happens to the shadow length of an object throughout the day? How does the soil absorb water? How does the type of soil affect the amount of water it can hold? Is metal hard? What color is the sky during a sunny day? Scientific Question Well or Poor Constructed Questions? How do different liquids (water, juice, soda) affect plant growth? Why do plants grow? How do plants feel about different types of music? What would happen if water didn’t have a boiling point? What causes objects to sink or float? How does the type of soil affect plant growth? What happens to the shadow length of an object throughout the day? How does the soil absorb water? How does the type of soil affect the amount of water it can hold? Is metal hard? What color is the sky during a sunny day?  Paper Helicopter Have you ever seen it yet?  Make A Scientific Question Based on your observations in paper helicopter, make a scientific question that is testable and can be proven with your group. 02 Research How to conduct proper research Research Research 1 - 2 paragraphs Paraphrase ○ Use own words ○ Students must understand what they are writing Cite sources Harvard style Research Research Research- includes scientific concept from valid sources No Wikipedia No Yahoo answers Research Research To reference websites correctly, include 1. Author 2. Year it was published 3. Title of article 4. Website address 5. Date you looked at the article Research Research 1. Author 2. Year it was published 3. Title of article Slat, B. (2019) Whales Likely Impacted by Great Pacific Garbage Patch [Online] Available from: https://www.theoceancleanup.com/updates/whales-likely-impact ed-by-great-pacific-garbage-patch/ (Accessed: 9 January 2024) 4. Website address 5. Date you looked at the article Research Textbook References Gray, A. (2022). Cambridge Primary Science Student’s Book 6. 2nd Ed. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Education. Randhawa, J.K., Mehta, N. (2022). Cambridge Primary Science Student’s Book 6. 2nd Ed. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Education. Referencing Guide Link Harvard referencing system  Make a reference based on this article  Lamont, P. (2023) Plants Life Cycles [Online] Available from: https://extension.psu.edu/plant-life-cycles (Accessed: 1 August 2024) Make a reference based on this article 03 Hypothesis Make a hypothesis of the scientific question Hypothesis Hypothesis Clear statement that answers the scientific question State an expected relationship between the independent variable and dependent variable Based on existing theories and knowledge Hypothesis Hypothesis A hypothesis is an educated prediction about what you think the correct answer is to the problem. It must be supported by reasons from the research.  VARIABLES Identify the Independent Variable (IV) and Dependent Variable (DV) in a question. Independent Dependent Variable Variable (IV) (DV) Something that you Something that you change during the measure in the experiment experiment  VARIABLES Q: Does adding more batteries to a circuit affect the brightness of a bulb? Independent Dependent Variable Variable (IV) (DV) Something that you change Something that you measure during the experiment in the experiment Amount of batteries Brightness of the bulb H: More batteries use in a circuit, the bulb will be brighter  VARIABLES Does the weight of an object affect its speed when sliding down a slope? Independent Dependent Variable Variable (IV) (DV) Something that you change Something that you measure during the experiment in the experiment Weight of an object The speed of the object when sliding down a slope H: Objects with greater weight will slide down a slope faster.  Let’s Practice Write down the question given and construct a proper hypothesis in your NB.  Let’s Practice Question: Does the temperature of water affect how quickly sugar dissolves? Hypothesis: _________________________  Let’s Break Down The Question Does the temperature of water affects how quickly sugar dissolves? Independent Dependent Variable Variable Temperature of water Time taken for the (low, medium, high) sugar to dissolve  Let’s Practice Question: Does the temperature of water affects how quickly sugar dissolves? Hypothesis: The higher the temperature of the water, the faster the sugar will dissolve.  GROUP WORK Do the research and make a hypothesis about paper helicopter. Follow all steps in previous slides. Write the references with correct format. 04 Experiments You can enter a subtitle here if you need it  Experiment Include the following SUBSECTIONS: 1. Variables - Bullet point format and include: - Independent variable - Dependent variable - Control variables 2. Materials 3. Procedure  Variables Independent Dependent Control Variable Variable Variable What we change What we measure What we keep the throughout the in the experiment same during the experiment experiment  Control Variables All the things we keep the same during the experiment In the question “Does the temperature of water affects how quickly sugar dissolves?” the control variables are: ○ Volume of water ○ Mass of sugar ○ Starting temperature of the water ○ The person stirring the mixture ○ The size of beaker ○ The type of beaker ○ The type of sugar  Gather The Necessary Materials Make a list of the materials you will need to conduct the experiment. Readily available Realistic Doesn’t harm organism  Experiment After choosing a topic, creating a question and making the hypothesis, the next step is to design an experiment to properly test the hypothesis. *Remember that the experiment must be fair and reliable. Consider the following questions when designing the experiment: How will you answer your question? What materials will you need for the experiment? Is there a specific order in which you need to do everything before it will work? How many times do you have to conduct the experiment to see the pattern in the results?  Write A Procedure A proper procedure should show detailed steps on how to conduct the experiment. Another person should be able to duplicate the same experiment again without asking any questions. Each step should be clear and only require one action. ---begins with “Gather all the materials.” ---ends with “Record the data collected.  Perform The Experiment Follow the detailed procedure that was constructed. Put all observations, data and notes in a notebook. Make notes if the procedure has been changed in any way and take photos of the experiment for documentation.  Lemon volcano process 01 02 03 04 First, you can Squeeze out Pour gel and Time for the cut the lemon the juice baking soda ERUPTION! Jupiter is the Despite being Venus is the Saturn is a gas biggest planet of red, Mars is a second planet giant and has them all cold place from the Sun several rings A picture always reinforces the concept Images reveal large amounts of data, so remember: use an image instead of a long text. Your audience will appreciate it