Wiring and Protection PDF

# CHAPTER 2 - WIRING AND PROTECTION ## USE AND IDENTIFICATION OF GROUNDED CONDUCTORS ### Means of Identifying Grounded Conductors * **Sizes 14 mm² or Smaller** * Continuous white or gray outer finish. * Three continuous white stripes on other than green insulation along its entire length...

# CHAPTER 2 - WIRING AND PROTECTION ## USE AND IDENTIFICATION OF GROUNDED CONDUCTORS ### Means of Identifying Grounded Conductors * **Sizes 14 mm² or Smaller** * Continuous white or gray outer finish. * Three continuous white stripes on other than green insulation along its entire length. * **Sizes Larger Than 14 mm²** * Continuous white or gray outer finish. * Three continuous white stripes along its entire length other than green insulation. * At the time of installation, distinctive white or gray marking at its termination. * **Flexible Cords** * Shall be identified by a white or gray outer finish. * **Grounded Conductors of Different Systems** * Shall have the grounded conductors for different systems distinguishable, one having white outer finish and the other a gray outer finish, other than green. ## BRANCH CIRCUITS ### Rating * **In General** - The rating for other than individual branch circuits shall be 15, 20, 30, 40, and 50A. * **Over 50 Amperes** - Multi-outlet branch circuits greater than 50A shall be permitted to supply non-lighting outlet loads ### Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter Protection * **Dwelling Units** - All 125/250 volts, single phase, 15-20 amperes receptacles installed in the following locations shall be of GFCI protection: 1. Bathrooms 2. Garages, and also accessory buildings that have a floor located below grade level 3. Outdoors 4. Crawl spaces at or below grade level 5. Unfinished basements (not habitable rooms such as storage areas, work areas) 6. Kitchen (receptacles on countertops) 7. Laundry circuits, and wet bar sinks (receptacles within 1800 mm from the edge of sink) 8. Boathouses * **Other Than Dwelling Units** - All 125/250 volts, single phase, 15-20 amperes receptacles installed in the following locations shall be of GFCI protection: 1. Bathrooms 2. Commercial and institutional kitchens 3. Rooftops 4. Outdoor in public areas * **Boat Hoists** - All 125/250 volts, 15-20 ampere receptacles shall be GFCI protection. ### Circuits Derived from an Autotransformer Branch circuits shall not be derived from autotransformers unless the circuit being supplied has a grounded conductor connected to the supplying autotransformer supply. ### Arc-Fault Circuit Interrupter (AFCI) - A device intended to provide protection from the effects of arc faults by recognizing characteristics unique to arcing and by functioning to de-energize the circuit when an arc fault is detected. ## Dwelling Unit Bedrooms: All 115V and/or 230V, single phase, 15 and 20A shall be protected by a listed AFCI, combination type installed to provide protection of the branch circuit. This requirement is effective since last January 1, 2014. ## BRANCH-CIRCUIT RATINGS ### Conductors - Minimum Ampacity and Size * **In General** - Branch-circuit conductors shall have an ampacity not less than the maximum load to be served. Branch circuit conductors which supplies continuous load and combination thereof shall have an ampacity not less than 125% of the continuous load. * **Household Ranges and Cooking Appliances** - For ranges of 8 kW or more rating, shall have a minimum-branch circuit rating of 40 amperes. * Branch circuit conductors that supply other loads, other than cooking and heating appliances shall have a conductor not smaller than 2.0 mm² (1.6 mm dia.) ### Branch Circuits requiring at least 20A Overcurrent Protection-1500VA 1. Small Appliance Branch Circuits 2. Laundry Branch Circuits 3. Bathroom Branch Circuits 4. Dwelling Unit (50 m²) not more than 3680VA ### Permissible Loads - A branch circuit supplying two or more outlets or receptacles shall supply only the loads specified. 1. **15-20 Ampere Branch Circuits** * Lighting Units, Utilization Equipments fastened in place, or combination of both 2. **30 Ampere Branch Circuits** * Fixed Lighting Units with Heavy-Lampholders other than Utilization Equipments 3. **40-50 Ampere Branch Circuits** * Cooking Appliances that are fastened to place 4. **Branch Circuits Larger than 50 Amperes** * Shall only supply non-lighting outlet loads ### Receptacle Outlets * **General Provisions** - In every kitchen, family room, dining room, living room, parlor, library, den, sunroom, bedroom, recreation room, or similar room or area of dwelling units, receptacle outlets shall be installed in accordance with the following provisions: 1. Spacing - Not more than 1800 mm (1.8m) horizontally from the other receptacle outlet. 2. Wall Space - Shall provide outlets for any space 600 mm or more than in width (including space measured around corners) and unbroken along the floor line by doorways, fireplaces, etc. 3. Floor Receptacles - Not counted as part of the required num. of receptacle unless 450mm away from the wall. * **Countertops** - In kitchens and dining rooms of dwelling units, receptacle outlets shall be of the installed in accordance with the following: 1. **Wall Counter Spaces** - Counter spaces that are 300 mm or wider requires a receptacle be installed 600 mm measured horizontally from it. 2. **Island or Peninsular Counter Spaces** - At least one receptacle shall be installed at each island counter space with a long dimension of 600 mm or greater and a short dimension of 300 mm or greater. When a rangetop or sink is dividing the island at dimensions of less than 300 mm, outlets are not required. 3. **Receptacle Outlet Location** - Receptacle outlets shall be located above, but not more than 500 mm above, the countertop. * **Bathrooms** - Shall have at least one receptacle within 900 mm from the outside edge of each basin. * **Outdoor Outlets** - For a one-family dwelling and each unit of dwelling units shall have at least one accessible outlet at grade level not more than 2000 mm in front and back of the dwelling unit. * **Laundry Areas** - Shall have at least one receptacle installed for the laundry. * **Basement and Garages** - Shall have at least one receptacle outlet be installed. * **Hallways**-In dwelling units, 3000 mm (3m) or more in length shall require at least one receptacle outlet. * **Show Windows** - At least one receptacle directly above for each 3600 mm linear width. * **Heating, Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Equipment Outlet** - Special individual outlets shall be installed and be located on the same level 7600 mm within the equipment. ## Lighting Outlets Required 1. Habitable Rooms 2. Hallways, Stairways, Attached Garages, Detached Garages with Electric Power 3. Attached and Detached Garages 4. Interior Stairways (six risers or more) 5. Storage and Equipment Spaces 6. Guest Rooms or Guest Suites