Traumatic Injuries of Oral Structure PDF

Traumatic injuries of oral structure Dr. Afraa Salah Al-Obaidi  Correct treatment depends on History Examination why i need to take radiograp...

Traumatic injuries of oral structure Dr. Afraa Salah Al-Obaidi  Correct treatment depends on History Examination why i need to take radiograph : it is very important because will see many things , any fracture , any trauma happen to the alveolar socket and if the trauma touch the permanent tooth or not Radiograph bacause this will ffect my treatment plane of this condition needed if i cant see with my eyes clinically , i will check from the x-ray Dr. Afraa Salah Al-Obaidi  Radiograph A detailed radiographic examination is mandatory in order to get an impression of the injury to the supporting tissues, the stage of root development and, in the case of primary tooth injuries, the relation to permanent successors. Before a radiographic examination is carried out, a clinical examination should establish the extent of the trauma region. This area is then radiographed; ideally, the injury site should be viewed from different angulations. Dr. Afraa Salah Al-Obaidi  Trauma Stamp Dr. Afraa Salah Al-Obaidi  Injuries to the hard dental tissues and the pulp 1-Enamel infraction. simplest one it is crack , fracture of the crown of the tooth without loosing any tooth substance , check if cracked or not , by passing light on the tooth , and check with mirror from behind , minor trauma and the force doesn't cause any serious damage or fracture An incomplete fracture (crack) of the enamel without loss of tooth substance. 2 and 3 htey are uncomplicated crown fracture 2-Enamel fracture (uncomplicated crown fracture) the tooth receive trauma causing 1 piece of the tooth confined within the enamel within the enamel , it desnt touch the dentin A fracture with loss of tooth substance confined to the enamel. 3- Enamel–dentin fracture (uncomplicated crown fracture) A fracture with loss of tooth substance confined to enamel and dentin, but not involving the pulp. uncomplicated - not reach and expose the pulp the piece of tooth substance have been lost and this piece include enamel and dentin, mesially , distally , incisally 4- Complicated crown fracture A fracture involving enamel and dentin, and exposing the pulp. it is involving enamel dentin and pulp ( exposing the pulp ) it could be pin point , could be 1mm or more the treatment in this will be different if have pin point , and diffirent if more than that Dr. Afraa Salah Al-Obaidi  Injuries to the hard dental tissues, the pulp, and the alveolar process including the alveolar process which is fracture involving enamel , dentin and cementum it may or may not expose the pulp , how it is happen ? happen when you have the fracture or the trauma in the root the fracture in the root not 1- Crown-root fracture. reach the pulpal area A fracture involving enamel, dentin, and cementum. It may or may not expose the pulp (uncomplicated and complicated crown-root fracture). 2- Root fracture. fracture involving dentin , cementum and pulp , i cant see it in my eyes, it is detected radiographically one clinical hint tell you this is root fracture ??? mobility A fracture involving dentin, cementum, and the pulp. Root fractures can be further classified according to displacement of the coronal fragment and localization of the fracture. the mobility 3- Fracture of the mandibular or maxillary alveolar socket wall. the socket , which covering the tooth only there is fracture A fracture of the alveolar process that involves the alveolar socket. fracture may or may not involve alveolar socket 4- Fracture of the mandibular or maxillary alveolar process. A fracture of the alveolar Process that may or may not involve the alveolar socket. Dr. Afraa Salah Al-Obaidi the alveolar socket that covering the tooth  Injuries to the periodontal tissues injury happen to the supporting structure which is the periodontal lignment , but dont have any mobility or any displacement , but the tooth respond to tenderness of percussion , mobility means the tooth mobile within socket 1- Concussion.don't have any mobility or any displacement ,but the tooth respond to tenderness of percussion displacement : movement of the tooth different direction from the socket An injury to the tooth supporting structures without abnormal loosening or displacement of the tooth, but with marked reaction to percussion. 2- Subluxation. simple injury happen around the tooth with abnormal loosening, but there is a little displacmenet An injury to the tooth supporting structures with abnormal loosening, but without displacement of the tooth. small amount of displacement 3- Extrusive luxation extrusion : the patient receive trauma and partially out from the socket Partial displacement of the tooth out of its socket. 4- Lateral luxation. complete displacement of the tooth of the direction other than axially , because in the axial we have extrusion and intrusion, either the tooth because of the truama go out of the socket , or the tooth go inside the socket , lateral luxation : complete displacement in different direction Displacement of the tooth in a direction other than axially. This is accompanied by comminution or fracture of the alveolar socket. the tooth direction completely huge in different direction Dr. Afraa Salah Al-Obaidithe tooth change the direction  Injuries to the periodontal tissues 5- Intrusive luxation. when push the tooth up to the bone, cause fracture of alveolar socket in the apical area Displacement of the tooth into the alveolar bone. This is accompanied by fracture of the alveolar socket. apical area fracture appear shorter than the adjacent 6- Avulsion (exarticulation). Complete displacement of the tooth out of its socket. serious a trauma hit the tooth and kept the tooth out of the socket the whole tooth knocked out from the socket subluxation and lateral luxation subluxation: the main sign is mobility but within the socket lateral : the tooth change the direction Dr. Afraa Salah Al-Obaidi  Injuries to gingiva or oral mucosa shallow or little pit deep resulting from a tear , with sharp instrument , knife 1- Laceration of gingiva or oral mucosa. A shallow or deep wound in the mucosa resulting from a tear; usually produced by a sharp object. bruises , happen when the patient receive trauma and no 2- Contusion of gingiva or oral mucosa. laceration, we have bleeding in a close space A bruise usually produced by impact with a blunt object and not accompanied by a break in the mucosa, usually causing submucosal hemorrhage. 3- Abrasion of gingiva or oral mucosa. A superficial wound produced by rubbing or scraping of the mucosa, leaving a raw, bleeding surface. superficial abrasion to gingiva or oral mucosa - superficial by rubbing or scraping Dr. Afraa Salah Al-Obaidi Thank you Dr. Afraa Salah Al-Obaidi