THM5202 Introduction to Tourism & Hospitality PDF

THM5202: MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INTRODUCTION TO MPTH PROF. JAMES MARK NIDEA | 1ST TERM | 1ST YEAR A.Y. 2024-2025...

THM5202: MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INTRODUCTION TO MPTH PROF. JAMES MARK NIDEA | 1ST TERM | 1ST YEAR A.Y. 2024-2025 tourism? Disclaimer: This reviewer is only a supplementary material and not a lecture equivalent. You may use it for your perusal but NEVER for ○ Yes. Because of shopping redistribution. All of the contents are sourced from the lectures of tourism. Prof. James Mark Nidea A person from India studied BFA in UST, is it tourism? LESSON OVERVIEW ○ Yes. I. Overview of Tourism and Hospitality Industry ELEMENTS OF TRAVEL II. Tourist Product III. Forms of Tourism PURPOSE OF TRAVEL Workers ○ They travel with the aim of working OVERVIEW OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY abroad. INDUSTRY: SCOPE, STRUCTURE, THEORIES ○ Not considered as tourism ○ People who travel for work abroad such as Macro OFWs are hired as workers of employers outside the worker’s origin. ○ Consists of a larger scale Businessmen Micro ○ Considered as Tourism. ○ More specific to a certain aspect ○ The difference between OFWs and ○ Focuses on the 9 Pillars of Tourism businessmen is that the employers of the ○ Operational sectors of tourism. former are located within the same Tourism country or their salary is being paid in the ○ A multidimensional phenomena same area. ○ Sum of the phenomena and relationship ○ Ex. OFWs in Taiwan are working and being arising from the travel and stay of paid in Taiwan. While businessmen are non-residents, in so far as they do not being paid in the Philippines by a lead to permanent residence and not Philippine employer but are tasked to go connected to any earning activity to another country to conduct feasibility ○ Temporary short-term movement of research. people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work and their activities during their stay at these Ex. destinations OFW ○ Origin: PH ○ Remember that in defining tourism, there ○ Workplace: HK should always be travel involved ○ Job: Directly conducts the Job Ex. in the country, intends to Someone stayed in Ilocos for 20 yrs. reside. Would you consider this Tourism? ○ Currency of Salary: HK dollars ○ No. They are locals already. Businessmen If I go to Canada and work there, Is it ○ Origin: PH tourism? ○ Workplace: PH ○ No. There should be no ○ Job: Represents the Company in money-making involved to be another country, does not considered as tourism. intend to reside. My mom goes to HongKong every week ○ Currency of Salary: PH to buy goods to sell to her shop. Is it For pleasure  ○ Considered as Tourism. Overall balance of the physical, ○ Usually the reason why most people social, travel spiritual,emotional,wellness of ○ Either they are traveling to do active a person recreation or passive recreation Visiting family, relatives, friends ○ Can be nonmoving or moving ○ VFR ○ Non-Moving The destination does not move. DISTANCE Ex. Disneyland ○ Moving A measurement of how far a traveler The destination moves. traveled from his place of origin. Should be far away. Cruise Ship Gray Area: the idea of “Far” is subjective. ➔ The vacation starts on Acc. to the World Tourism Organization (the board. primary agency that promoted tourism all ➔ Called a floating resort over the world) , the traveler should travel ➔ Has lodging, F&B, 100 miles at least. recreational activities, etc. Ex. Bulacan to Ilocos Study ○ Considered as Tourism. LENGTH OF STAY OR DURATION ○ Regardless if you are an international student enrolled in a school or a In applying for a visa, 1 year of stay is not researcher of an organization or an considered as tourism. employee, your purpose is still tourism. If international, it is usually decided upon ○ Should abide by the rules of the visa by embassies or consulate offices. given. Tourist ○ Ex. Research, Educational Tours ○ Stayed for 24 hrs or more in a place. Funeral ○ Made an overnight stay ○ Considered as Tourism Excursionist ○ Attending the wake of the deceased. ○ Stayed for less than 24 hrs Joining competitions ○ Did not make an overnight stay. ○ Depending on the Competition joined. RESIDENCE OF THE TRAVELER ○ If an athlete is representing the country in a non-profit competition The traveler’s home country such as international competitions In this element, we can differentiate an like sea games or olympics, then it’s international traveler to a domestic one. It is considered as TOURISM. in fact that international travel is more Ex. Carlos Yulo representing the complicated than traveling within your own Philippines in the Olympics country. ○ If an athlete is joining a International Travel is more complicated commercialized competition sporting than domestic events like WBC, WWE, NBA, or any Why is it harder to travel internationally tournaments that has a cash prize, ○ Language & Cultural barrier then they are NOT TOURISM. ○ Travel Documentation Ex. Manny Pacquiao going to LA Passport, Visa, DSWD certificate to fight. Requirements when traveling Migrants abroad: ○ Not Tourism Visa ○ Purpose is to permanently stay ○ Issued by the embassy Patients of the country you are ○ Tourism trying to visit ○ Health Tourism, Medical Tourism ○ A document that ○ When a person travels to a destination permits you to enter to seek medical treatment or for another country. well-being ○ Having a visa is not ○ Health absolute. Some do not The state of the body being free require it as they have from any illness or diseases an existing agreement ○ Wellness with the home country. Passport ○ Issued by the DFA MADE BY: JHAJJ | THM5202 | 2  ○ Issued by the home ○ Government services country ○ Ex. Dept. of Tourism, cthm, gov't ○ Legal System agencies ○ Cultural Barriers ○ Support services ○ Language Travel Trade ○ Legal Sytem ○ Travel Agencies, Tour operators, In applying for a Visa what are the Booking offices, travel intermediaries questions usually asked? ○ Travel Agencies ○ Capability to travel (Expenses, etc) RETAILERS ○ Reasons to comeback Has no products, they need to source out from the 9 Pillars. DEVALUATION OF CURRENCY ○ Tour operators Has no actual products, they get all Reduction in the value of country’s currency the service and combine them and that is relative to other country’s currency create a package tour. Ex. $1 in PH Peso is 55 Package manufacturers Entertainment BUSINESS TOURISM Type of tourism where people travel in a DESTINATION working status to a place outside their A geographical unit which the tourist visits or residence and work area. where he stays Kinds of Business Tourism Bigger than tourist attractions, But can be ○ Regular Business Traveler small like a resort. ○ MCE Traveler 9 pillars is present in the destination Events related ○ Incentives Traveler ATTRACTION COMPONENTS OF TOURISM A part of tourist destination In some cases it is larger than the destination The tourism industry is composed of major Ex. Intramuros, Shangri La and minor components of the industry thus, tourism can’t exist without them. COMPOSITION OF TOURIST DESTINATION MAJOR COMPONENT 3As ○ Attraction Mainstays of the industry, thus, tourism can’t Site Attractions exist without them. ★ Man-Made: Amusement parks, ○ Attractions Parks, Events, MCE, COncerts, Events, recreation, Activities, festivals, Sporting Event Attractions, Accessibility ★ Natural: Hills, Volcanoes, Sea, ○ Lodging Forest ○ Food and Beverage Services MCE ○ Transportation ○ Accessibility Mode MINOR COMPONENT ★ Vehicle used ★ Ex. airplane/car Infrastructure Travel Agencies ★ Terminals, Roads, Bridge, Souvenir Shops Stoplight, waitingshed Government agencies Operators Travel Trade ★ Owners ★ Pilots, Captain, Drivers 9 PILLARS OF TOURISM (OPERATIONS SECTOR) ★ The one who maintains the operations Attraction ★ Cruiseline = Airlines Lodging ★ Cruise Ship = Airplaine Food and Beverage Service Policies Transportation ★ Transportation laws/ordinance Recreation ★ Law - Mandated on the entire Events country Tourism Services MADE BY: JHAJJ | THM5202 | 3  ★ Ordinance - mandated on a Demand: 60 Couples specific location only Seats: 300 ○ Ex. BGC’s ordinance of all We cannot accommodate motorists should wear helmets Demand: 310 all 60 couples, because ○ Amenities & Facilities our supply is only 50 Lodging We cannot rooms. 10 couples will F&B accommodate all 310 not be accommodated. Tourism Offices passengers, meaning there are 10 passengers TOURIST PRODUCT AND ITS INDUSTRY who cannot board. Tourist Product ○ Consists of what a tourist buys ○ A combination of what the tourist does at the destination and the services he uses CHARACTERISTICS OF A TOURISM INDUSTRY during his stay. ○ What you are selling Tourist product is not brought to the CHARACTERISTICS OF A TOURIST PRODUCT consumer ○ The consumer is the one who needs to Service travel to experience the product. ○ An intangible product. Tourist product are not used up ○ Cannot touch ○ We purchase and sue the product without ○ Service only it being used up. ○ Ex. Hotels sell the service that they ○ Ex. The chocolate hills cannot be used up provide when you book after looking at it ○ Ex. Airline sector, the service is being Labor intensive industry transported to your destination. Because ○ The tourism industry is the fastest if they are selling the seat then you can growing industry. bring the seat with you when you ○ We need a LOT of manpower disembark. People-Oriented ○ Ex. Restaurants also sells their service ○ Smile ○ In tourism industry, You sell the service. ○ The tourism industry is a service oriented Psychological in its attraction industry. ○ Only psychological, if not then they are ○ Its very aim is to provide service to the tangible people Vary in standard and quality ○ Tipping ○ There are different standards and quality Voluntary per destination, airlines, hotels, ○ Service Fee restaurants, etc. Part of the bill ○ There are so many factors that come in Multi-Dimensional phenomenon the product/services. ○ If a passenger is in economy, it does not ○ Ex. You flew to boracay last summer, and mean that the service will be less. The way the experience was great. Everything was business class is served. Business Class smooth sailing, but then you came back will only have added services. during December and you had a Seasonal completely different experience. You had ○ Peak season turbulence, the hotel room was given to Companies can charge higher rates another person, ect. Vice versa. due to higher demand Fixed Supply The higher the demand the higher ○ The supply is fixed even if the Demand is the price high. Oct, Nov, December ○ Fixed supply for each day. Has more leisure time for Ex. Ex. consumers ○ Low season A flight from Manila to Hotel Low Demands, Lower rates Hong Kong Dynamic Capacity: 50 rooms (twin ○ The companies adapts to the industry Capacity of the Flight: sharing) ○ In order to stay competitive, you must 300 adapt. ○ Ex. Staycation packages MADE BY: JHAJJ | THM5202 | 4 THE INDUSTRY IS… There should be a presence of …Intangible nature …perishable ★ The attraction should not …Heterogenous - Variety be man made. …inseparable - one pillar needs all the other SUSTAINABLE TOURISM to work (ex. Intangible - view, ambiance, ect) ○ An act wherein you are sustaining the needs of the present FORMS OF TOURISM ○ When you use the resources in the OUTBOUND TOURISM present ○ Departing from the place of origin ○ Sustainable programs should be ○ Ex. from PH to Dubai considered. ○ Palabas ○ Should be involved in all types of tourism ○ Origin to Destination BLACK/DARK TOURISM INBOUND TOURISM ○ The area where somewhere happened that is not good ○ Reaching the destination ○ Accident sites/crime scenes ○ Ex. Dubai to PH PARANORMAL TOURISM ○ Papasok ○ Places that are believed to have ghosts ○ You are looking at the person to where RELIGIOUS TOURISM they are saying it ○ A destination where you go that is ○ Destination to Origin connected to the faith INTERNATIONAL TOURISM ○ Your purpose is satisfy your faith ○ A traveler leaving the country HISTORICAL TOURISM DOMESTIC TOURISM ○ Immersing in the culture ○ A traveler traveling within the Philippines ○ Ex. foods, festivals, etc HEALTH TOURISM HERITAGE TOURISM ○ Medical tourism is different from health ○ Something you give to the future tourism generation ○ Under medical tourism there is also ○ Ex. Intramuros, Vigan wellness tourism. ○ Something that the future generation ECOTOURISM needs to protect ○ When you travel to a ecotourism ○ More of tangible destination there should be this 3 CULTURAL TOURISM elements: ○ One of the largest Education of Visitors ○ The way people live ★ The visitors should learn ○ More of a practice of how you live something when they ○ Everything involved in the way of living visit the site. FOOD TOURISM Involvement of the locals ○ A subform of cultural tourism ★ The locals should be ○ Main purpose is to immerse in the food involvement in terms of of the destination selling goods or ○ Part of culture tourism educating the visitors ○ Culinary capital of Philippines: ★ The locals should play a Pampanga huge part when visiting ○ Gastronomy tourism an ecotourism site ART TOURISM Ex. Ex. ○ Art capital of PH: Rizal Province When you visit a Birdwatching but you ○ A subform of cultural tourism rainforest, you have a have a tour guide with AGRITOURISM binoculars, and you you which explains ○ When people visit the destination and watch the nature. the different trees and their purpose is to immerse in birds to the people agriculture It is only called as ○ Coffee capital of PH: Amadeo, Cavite Nature Tourism, You Ecotourism, locals are EDUCATIONAL TOURISM only immerse yourself involved in ○ The purpose is to learn maintaining the sites ○ Educational tours and the visitors are ○ You can engage in several forms. Such as learning historical tourism ADVENTURE TOURISM MADE BY: JHAJJ | THM5202 | 5 ○ Recreation tourism ○ Engaging in recreational activities ○ Ex. mountain climbing, parasailing, scuba diving ○ Usually active recreation MADE BY: JHAJJ | THM5202 | 6