1750-1900 Multiple Choice Questions PDF

WH 1750-1914 MC Questions MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A major factor in the expansion of industrialization was the development of a. socialism. c. land grants. b. feudalism. d. railroads. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 2. In...

WH 1750-1914 MC Questions MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A major factor in the expansion of industrialization was the development of a. socialism. c. land grants. b. feudalism. d. railroads. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 2. In the 18th Century, France and England fought over territory in a. Asia and Central America. c. Asia and the Caribbean. b. Africa an the Balkans. d. North America and Asia. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 3. The Berlin conference of 1885 was able to a. petition China so that Germany c. resolve issues of European rivalry in benefited. Africa. b. deal with economic problems in Asia. d. bring all of Africa under European control. ANS: C Kaplan 2016 4. All of following are factors stimulating industrialization EXCEPT a. an organized union movement. c. investment capital. b. an ample population to serve as a d. access to natural resources. workforce. ANS: A Kaplan 2016 5. The American and French Revolutions were both caused in part by a. food shortages owing to poor harvests. c. high taxation that bred discontent. b. problems of royal succession. d. lack of social mobility in the peasant class. ANS: C Kaplan 2016 6. Which of the following statements is true regarding the growth of nationalism in the 19th century? a. War and conflict were often used as c. Only European nations experienced a vehicles to unite the people. growth in nationalism. b. The transition to nationhood was usually d. European imperialism prevented the rise smooth with little internal conflict. of nationalism in Asia ANS: A Kaplan 2016 1  7. The American desire for a trade relationship with Japan in 1853 led to a. the overthrow of the shogun and the c. greater Russian influence in Manchuria. modernization of the country. b. increased tensions between China and d. the colonization of Taiwan. Korea ANS: A Kaplan 2016 8. All of the following are catalysts for political revolution EXCEPT a. excessive taxation. c. a powerful feminist movement. b. a large gap between rich and poor. d. a corrupt and uncaring regime. ANS: C Kaplan 2016 9. In the18th century, MOST revolutionary leaders tended to be members of the a. slave class. c. Catholic clergy. b. working class. d. educated middle class. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 10. The 17th and 18th -century slave trade had the greatest impact on which part of Africa? a. East Africa c. Sub-Saharan Africa b. West Africa d. South Africa ANS: B Kaplan 2016 11. Which of the following statements best describes the significance of Social Darwinism? a. It was a significant breakthrough in c. It influenced the development of the revolutionary theory. factory model of production. b. It led to an increase in urbanization d. It was used as a justification for the throughout much of Europe. inferior treatment people. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 12. The first republic to grant equality to all its citizens in the Western Hemisphere was a. the United States. c. Haiti. b. Bolivia. d. Jamaica. ANS: C Kaplan 2016 13. The early leaders in Indian nationalism came primarily from which class? a. Western educated elites c. Landed peasants b. Labor leaders d. The aristocracy ANS: A Kaplan 2016 2 14. All of the following are effects of the Haitian Revolution EXCEPT a. the plantation economy continued to c. the United States refused to recognize flourish. Haiti’s independence. b. slaves were freed. d. other independence movements followed. ANS: A Kaplan 2016 15. Japan’s industrialization was greatly helped by a. large mineral deposits in Hokkaido. c. a centralized pro-business government. b. a growing support for democracy. d. the partnership with China. ANS: C Kaplan 2016 16. The transportation revolution that accompanied the first Industrial Revolution was stimulated by a. war in Turkey. c. political revolutions in the Americas. b. the crash of 1892. d. canals. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 17. Which of the following African regions was able to defeat European powers in the 19th century? a. Liberia c. Egypt b. Ethiopia d. Morocco ANS: B Kaplan 2016 18. In which rebellion in India in the mid-1800’s did natives challenge British power? a. Zulu c. Boxer b. Taiping d. Sepoy ANS: D Kaplan 2016 19. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of capitalism? a. Private ownership of property c. The dynamics of supply and demand b. Upward social mobility d. Government ownership of industry ANS: D Kaplan 2016 20. Independence movements in South America in the early 19th century took advantage of a. the inflationary policies instituted by c. the American victory over Spain in Cuba. Spain. b. Spain’s involvement in the Napoleonic d. the silver trade in Asia. Wars. ANS: B Kaplan 2016 3 21. The following statements refer to which of the following entities? -Abolished serfdom in 1861 - Government-sponsored industrialization - Humiliating loss in Crimean War a. China c. Russia b. England d. Ottoman Empire ANS: C Kaplan 2016 22. Revolutionary activists seeking to overthrow the Qing dynasty in the 19th century tended to be a. disaffected Mandarins. c. disgruntled peasants. b. court eunuchs. d. young, educated men who had traveled abroad.. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 23. Liberalism should be viewed as political ideology that a. supported the transition to an industrial, c. developed in response to European capitalist economy. colonialism. b. is the ideological predecessor to d. grew out of the labor movement. socialism. ANS: A Kaplan 2016 24. China was able to avoid imperial control in the early 20th century because a. Britain and the United States were c. China was too far away from Europe. opposed to outright colonization. b. European was more concerned with the d. Russia agreed to stay out of Asia. rise of Japan. ANS: A Kaplan 2016 25. The following statements refer to which of the following entities? - Unequal trading agreements with Western Europeans - Anti- Western uprising in 1900 - Self-strengthening movement was met with imperial opposition a. Japan c. China b. India d. Ottoman Empire ANS: C Kaplan 2016 26. Which of the following European developments is most closely associated with the revolution in Haiti? a. The Protestant Reformation c. The French Revolution b. The Russian Revolution d. The Industrial Revolution ANS: C 2011 AP Test 4  “The Declaration of French Revolution made in 1791 on the Rights of Man and the Citizen also states; ‘All men are born free and with equal rights, and must always remain free and have equal rights.’ “Nevertheless for more than eighty years, the French imperialists, abusing the standard of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity, have violated our Fatherland and oppressed our fellow-citizens. They have acted contrary to the ideals of humanity and justice.” Declaration of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam, 1945 27. The excerpt above was written in response to which of the following? a. The use of Vietnamese laborers and c. The failure of French colonizers to apply soldiers by the French in the First World their ideals in Indochina. War b. The end of the struggle for Vietnamese d. The rapid conquest of French Indochina independence known as the Indochina by the Japanese during the Second World wars. War ANS: C 2011 AP Test 28. Which of the following was a widespread social consequence of industrialization in the1800s? a. A decline in the social status of women c. The general leveling of social hierarchies based on wealth b. An increase in the power and prestige of d. The creation of a wage-earning working the landowning aristocracy class concentrated in urban areas ANS: D 2011 AP Test 29. Which of the following best describes how nineteenth-century European industrialization affected European women’s lives? a. By the end of the century, new social c. By the end of the century, women gained welfare legislation made it possible for the right to vote in most European most women to earn university degrees. countries. b. Married women found it increasingly d. Women came to dominate the difficult to balance wage work and agricultural workforce as men moved to family responsibilities. cities to take industrial jobs. ANS: B 2011 AP Test 30. The North and South American independence movements of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries shared which of the following? a. Revolutionary demands based on c. Industrial economies that permitted both Enlightenment political ideas areas to break free of European control b. Reliance on Christian teachings to define d. Political instability caused by constant revolutionary demands warfare among the new states ANS: A 2011 AP Test 5 31. In contrast to initial industrialization, the second Industrial Revolution in the last half of the nineteenth century was particularly associated with the mass production of which of the following? a. Textiles, iron, and coal c. Airplanes, ships, and radios b. Textiles, automobiles, and plastics d. Electricity, steel, and chemicals ANS: D 2011 AP Test 32. The African proverb, “Until the lions have their historians, tales of hunting will always glorify the hunter,” conveys which of the following? a. Common people need to learn how to c. The concept of history is much different write so they can tell their story. in Africa than in Europe or the United States. b. Hunting is a sport that brings glory only d. History usually reflects the viewpoint of to the hunter. the victors. ANS: D 2011 AP Test 33. Most world historians would agree that the key to European predominance in the world economy during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was a. the Industrial Revolution c. Spanish control of New World silver b. European medical technology d. the Enlightenment ANS: A 2011 AP Test 34. The United States Declaration of Independence and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen reflect a shared concern for a. physical elimination of the ruling class c. protection of private property b. confiscation of church property d. preservation of the monarchy ANS: C 2011 AP Test 35. A historian researching the effects of Christian missionaries activities on local social structures in late- nineteenth- century Africa would probably find which of the following sources most useful? a. African accounts of converting to c. Data on the number of missionaries Christianity going to Africa b. Fundraising speeches given in Europe by d. Recruitment advertisements for supporters of missionary efforts missionaries in church newsletters in Europe. ANS: A 2011 AP Test 6  “In the past, at the end of the Han, Tang, Yuan, and Ming dynasties, bands of rebels were innumerable, all because of foolish rulers and misgovernment, so that none of these rebellions could be stamped out. But today [the emperor] is deeply concerned and examined his character in order to reform himself, workshops Heaven, and is sympathetic to the people. He has not increased the land tax, nor has he conscripted soldiers from households....It does not require any great wisdom to see that sooner or later the [Taiping] bandits will all be destroyed.” Zeng Guofan, Qing dynasty Chinese official, proclamation against the Taiping rebels, 1854 36. Zeng Guofan’s analysis of the situation in China in 1854 was likely influenced by which of the following? a. The Daoist notion of being in harmony c. The Buddhist notion of avoiding violence with nature against any living thing b. The absolutist nation of the divine right d. The Confucian notion of the dynastic of kings cycle ANS: D 2011 AP Test 37. In the passage above, Zeng Guofan’s purpose in listing the policies of the current Qing emperor is most likely to a. demonstrate the similarity between the c. warn that the Qing policies of keeping damage done by the Taiping rebellion to taxes low and avoiding conscription the Qing Empire and the damage done by might come to an end if the Taiping earlier rebellions to other Chinese rebellion succeeds dynasties b. mobilize popular support by showing that d. argue that the emperor’s personal piety the Taiping rebellion does not represent a and benevolent rule prove that he accepts legitimate challenge to Qing rule the validity of the Taiping rebels’ grievances ANS: B 2011 AP Test 38. Which of the following facilitated the creation of European empires in Africa during the late nineteenth century? a. Africans’ unified resistance to European c. Europeans’ use of both warfare and intervention diplomacy b. Europeans’ desire to develop industry in d. Africans’ widespread acceptance of Africa European laws ANS: C 2015 AP Test 39. All of the following contributed to the rise of industrialization in western Europe and North America during the nineteenth century EXCEPT a. geographic distribution of coal and iron c. improved agricultural productivity b. legal protection of private property d. increased rights for laborers ANS: D 2015 AP Test 7  “We have heard that in your own country opium is prohibited with the strictness and severity - this is a strong proof that you know full well how hurtful opium is to humans. Since you do not permit it to injure your own country, you ought not to have the injurious drug transferred to another country, and above all others, not to China!” Qing government commissioner Lin Zexu to Queen Victoria of Great Britain, 1839 40. In the passage above, Lin Zexu is asking that the British do which of the following? a. Provide treatment for opium addicts in c. Prevent all foreign trade from entering China China b. Ban the sale of opium by British d. End the concessions made to Britain merchants in China during the Opium Wars ANS: B 2015 AP Test 41. Which of the following was a major unintended effect of the publication of Charles Darwin’s 1859 work On the Origin of Species? a. It became the basis for scientific research c. It became the basis for all subsequent of human development. scientific research on species extinction. b. It provided a scientific explanation of the d. It became the basis of various theories evolution of animals and plants. asserting that Europeans were naturally superior to other peoples. ANS: D 2015 AP Test 42. Which of the following was a major reason for the decline in India’s share of the global manufacture of cotton textiles by the end of the nineteenth century? a. Climate change that significantly altered c. Competition from industrially produced the growing seasons British textiles b. Disruption of production from disputes d. Religious opposition to capitalist modes with labor unions of production ANS: C 2015 AP Test “Again, another marked characteristic of the Anglo-Saxon is what may be called an instinct or genius for colonizing. His unequaled energy, his indomitable perseverance, and his personal independence, made him a pioneer. He excels all others in pushing his way into new countries.” Josiah Strong, American Protestant clergyman, essay on Anglo- Saxons, 1891 43. The sentiments expressed in the quotation above are most supportive of which of the following concepts? a. Nationalism c. Liberalism b. Imperialism d. Marxism ANS: B 2015 AP Test 8 44. Which of the following best supports the view of some world historians that the eighteenth century marked a major turning point in world history? a. The beginning of European colonization c. The beginning of European colonization of Africa of Australia and New Zealand b. The beginning of the Wahhabi movement d. The beginning of the Industrial of Islamic renewal in Arabia Revolution in England ANS: D 2015 AP Test 45. One important similarity between the American Revolution and the French Revolution is that they both a. challenged monarchical governments c. resulted in the abolition of class divisions in society b. resulted in the abolition of slavery d. enabled women to achieve political equality with men ANS: A 2015 AP Test “Seeing that it is a girl’s destiny, on reaching womanhood, to go to a new home, and live in submission to her fat5her-in-law and mother-in-law, it is even more incumbent upon her than it is on a boy to receive with all reverence her parents’ instructions. Should her parents, through excess of tenderness, all her to grow up self-willed, she will infallibly show herself capricious and thus alienate his affection.” Kaibara Ekken, Japanese author, Greater Learning for Women, 1716 46. The excerpt above exemplifies the continued influence on eighteenth- century Japan of which of the following? a. The Christian tradition of children c. The Islamic practice of women appearing respecting their parents modestly in public b. The Buddhist encouragement of female d. The Confucian emphasis on filial spirituality submission ANS: D 2015 AP Test 9  “Eight hours’ daily labour is enough for an human being, and under proper arrangements sufficient to afford an ample supply of food, raiment and shelter, or the necessaries and comforts of life, and for the remainder of his time, every person is entitled to education, recreation and sleep.” Robert Owen, British factory owner and reformer, 1833 47. The excerpt above emphasizes which of the following solutions to the exploitation of industrial laborers? a. Radical changes to the socioeconomic c. Free food, housing, and other necessities structure of Europe for factory workers b. Abolition of the factory system and d. Sufficient wages for factory workers to industrial wage labor live full, comfortable lives ANS: D 2015 AP Test “And God gave unto the Polish kings and knights freedom, that all might be brothers, both the richest and the poorest. The king and the men of knightly rank received into their brotherhood still more people....And the number of brothers became as great as a nation, and in no nation were there so many people free and calling each other brothers as in Poland.” Adam Mickiewicz, poem, 1832, about Polish uprisings against Russia in 1830 and 1831 48. The passage above best reflects which of the following? a. Marxist critiques of unequal distribution c. Development of nationalism of wealth b. Discontent with government bureaucracy d. Criticism of religion’s role in public life ANS: C 2015 AP Test 49. Which of the following factors contributed most significantly to the contraction of the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century? a. Adoption of gunpowder weaponry c. The Berlin Conference of 1884 and 1885 b. The Opium Wars d. Independence movements inspired by ethnic nationalism ANS: D 2015 AP Test 10 50. In the Japanese print above of the war between China and Japan (1894-1895), the artist suggests that the a. Chinese were brave and honorable c. Japanese showed their mastery of opponents Western technology, dress, and military bearing b. Japanese fought by using time-honored d. Chinese actively sought foreign help samurai tactics and weapons against the Japanese ANS: C 2015 AP Test 51. The beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain was most influenced by which of the following factors? a. The amount and location of British c. The aggressive promotion of petroleum reserves industrialization by George III b. The location and large number of British d. The spread of cotton cultivation in coal deposits southern England ANS: B 2014 AP Test 11  “Liberty and justice consist of restoring all that belongs to others; thus, the only limits on the exercise of the natural rights of woman are perpetual male tyranny; these limits are to be reformed by the laws of nature and reason.” Olympe de Gouges, French feminist, Declaration of the A Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen, 1791 52. The passage above is an example of which of the following processes occurring in the eighteenth century? a. The emergence of nationalism c. The application of Enlightenment ideas b. The formation of separatist movements d. The growth of empirical science ANS: C 2014 AP Test 53. Many historians have argued that by the late nineteenth century the industrialized nations of Europe had achieved global economic dominance more through force and coercion than through the superiority of their industrial products. Which of the following nineteenth-century developments would best support this contention? a. The growth of industrial production in c. The abolition of slavery in the Americas North America b. The grown of South American d. The decline of the Indian textile agricultural exports industry’s share of global manufacturing ANS: D 2014 AP Test 54. Which of the following is a significant result of the late-eighteenth- and early - nineteenth-century revolutions in both Europe and the Americas? a. The theory of divine right monarchy c. Nation-States emerged as the principal dominated intellectual discourse in both form of political organization in both Europe and the Americas. Europe and the Americas. b. People throughout Europe and the d. Philosophical liberalism as a force in Americas rejected the concept of popular political life declined throughout Europe sovereignty. and the Americas. ANS: C 2014 AP Test 55. Which of the following resulted from Europe’s expansion overseas in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries? a. Europe’s population size and industrial c. The number of workers needed for productivity declined. European factories declined. b. European countries acquired colonies d. Mechanized agriculture spread and dominated world trade. worldwide. ANS: B 2014 AP Test 12 56. Which of the following best explains the general increase in the living standards of industrial workers between 1800 and 1914? a. Deficit-spending policies by c. The increased supply of inexpensive governments in major industrial states consumer goods b. The implementation of strong protective d. Implementation of utopian socialist ideas tariffs in the organization of factory labor ANS: C 2014 AP Test 57. Which of the following factors contributed most to the increase of world population in the period 1750 to 1900C.E.? a. A decline in the frequency and c. Improvements in rural health care deadliness of warfare b. Improvements in agricultural d. A rapid increase in birth rates throughout productivity and food distribution the globe ANS: B 2014 AP Test 58. In the period from 1750 to 1850, which of the following political ideologies was gaining increasing influence in western Europe and parts of the Atlantic world? a. Liberalism c. Fascism b. Absolutism d. Communism ANS: A 2014 AP Test 59. Which of the following most accurately describes the interactions between China and Europe in the nineteenth century? a. China became isolated politically in part c. China became a major exporter of because of its suppression of pro- manufactured good to Europe. Western Chinese dissidents. b. China effectively lost its economic d. China and Europe were forced into an independence to Europe as a result of uneasy alliance to reverse Japanese military losses to European forces. imperial expansion in northern China. ANS: B 2014 AP Test 60. A historian researching factors that contributed to the rise of industrial production in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries would find which of the following types of sources most helpful? a. Records of labor and trade union c. Data on migration of rural populations to meetings urban areas b. A tally of political speeches in favor of d. Data on prices of luxury goods versus those opposed to colonial expansion ANS: C 2013 AP Test 13 61. Which of the following describes an accurate similarity between the Qing and Russian empires in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries? a. Both relied heavily on maritime trade as c. Both were heavily influenced by the a source of material goods. intellectual work of Jesuit missionaries. b. Both successfully resisted pressure from d. Both had vast territories with peoples of industrialized powers. various ethnicities and languages. ANS: D 2013 AP Test 62. Some historians have argued that the Haitian Revolution (1791-1804) marks the beginning of the process of decolonization that culminated in the dissolution of European colonial empires after the Second World War. Historians who take this position are likely to place the greatest emphasis on the importance of which of the following in the decolonization process? a. The role of the desire for natural rights in c. The role of economic liberalization in independence movements undermining the rationale for colonial empires b. The role of European powers in d. The role of indigenous economic patterns encouraging revolts in each other’s in fostering anti-colonial movements colonies as part of imperial rivalries ANS: A 2013 AP Test “Americans today...who live within the Spanish system occupy a position in society no better than that of serfs of destined for labor, or at best they have no more status than that of mere consumers. Yet even this status is surrounded with galling restrictions, such as being forbidden to grow European crops, or to store products which are royal monopolies, or to establish factories of a type the Peninsula itself does not possess. To this add the exclusive trading privileges, even in articles of prime necessity, and the barriers between American provinces, designed to prevent all exchange of trade, traffic, and understanding.” Simon Bolivar, Jamaica Letter, 1815 63. The quotation above best supports which of the following conclusions about the author’s motives for resistance to Spanish colonial rule in Latin America? a. Bolivar opposed the use of Native c. Bolivar was alarmed by the excessive Americans and Africans as forced consumerism in the Spanish empire. laborers in Latin America. b. Bolivar rejected Spanish mercantilist d. Bolivar hoped to undo the effects of the policies that restricted free trade in Latin Columbian exchange. America. ANS: B 2013 AP Test 14 64. By 1830 revolutions in the Atlantic world resulted in which of the following changes? a. The political independence of colonies in c. Political and economic domination of the both North and South America Western Hemisphere by the United States b. The emancipation of slaves everywhere d. The creation of politically unified South in the Atlantic world America ANS: A 2013 AP Test 65. In the 1860s, Russia and the United States both accomplished the goal of a. building a transcontinental railroad c. laying transoceanic telegraph cables b. directly electing senators to its Congress d. eliminating slavery (United States) and Duma (Russia) ANS: D Kaplan 2016 66. The European product in greatest demand in 19th-century Asia and Africa was a. weaponry c. alcohol b. cotton d. medicine ANS: A Kaplan 2016 67. What product linked Great Britain, India, and China in the 19th century? a. Silk c. Clocks b. Tea d. Opium ANS: D Kaplan 2016 68. The last country in the New World to abolish slavery was a. Brazil c. Mexico b. the United States d. Mauritania ANS: A Kaplan 2016 69. England’s biggest import in the 19th century was a. rum c. slaves b. timber d. cotton ANS: D Kaplan 2016 15  Formerly, the barbarian merchants brought foreign money to China; which being paid in exchange for goods, was a source of pecuniary advantage to the people of al the sea-board provinces. But latterly, the barbarian merchants have clandestinely sold opium for money, which has rendered it unnecessary for them to import foreign silver. Thus foreign money has been going out of the country, while none comes into it. -Xu Naji, administrator of the Sacrificial Court, advising the Chinese emperor to legalize opium production in 1836 70. Who are the earlier “barbarian merchants” referred to in the passage above? a. The Dutch c. The Japanese b. The British d. The Americans ANS: B Kaplan 2016 The history of the civilized world is the history of the Aryan, Semitic, and Hamitic races. It is of interest to note that the race to which we belong, the Aryan, has always played the leading part in the great drama of the world’s progress. The Hamitic nations, the Egyptians and Chaldeans, though they developed a peculiar type of civilization, yet grew up and remained in a great degree apart from the rest of the world, having no considerable influence on the main current of history. As the Semites, there is on respect in which they have the greatest place in the story of mankind, namely, in religious development; for the three religions that have taught men that there is but one God- namely, the Jewish, the Christian and the Mahom’etan- have all come from among them. But aside from this, the Semites do not make nearly so important or so conspicuous a figure in history as do the Aryans, or Indo- Europeans....They have not, like the Aryans, been the planters of new nations and they have never attained a high intellectual development, or that progress in political freedom, in science, art, and literature, which is the glory of the Aryan nations. 71. What 19th- century “ism” played the greatest role in promoting the attitude expressed? a. Socialism c. Utopianism b. Romanticism d. Nationalism ANS: D Kaplan 2016 72. Nineteenth-century readers who concurred with this passage would most likely agree with each of the following beliefs except a. imperialism c. Social Darwinism b. the thesis of Rudyard Kipling’s “White d. the idea of a world peacekeeping Man’s Burden” organization ANS: D Kaplan 2016 16 73. When applying the principle of presentism, the historian must be careful to a. shelter Asians, Africans, and indigenous c. recognize the point of view in al of the Latin Americans from passages that documents reference the prejudices of the past b. not judge the people of the past through d. not become too charitable to the less the values of the present fortunate ANS: B Kaplan 2016 74. The Sepoy Rebellion in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China share the common characteristic of a people a. wanting to overthrow the existing c. wanting to import more opium into their dynasty country b. wanting to expel a foreign power d. wanting to industrialize their country ANS: B Kaplan 2016 75. A result of the political revolutions of the late 18th and 19th centuries was that they a. spread Enlightenment ideas through c. prevented the formation of the Europe and the Americas. nation-state. b. strengthened European control over d. instituted Marxist ideas through Europe. South America. ANS: A Kaplan 2016 76. Which of the following was NOT one of the basic ideals of Enlightenment thinkers? a. Popular sovereignty c. Religious tolerance b. Freedom of Speech d. Equality for women ANS: D Kaplan 2016 77. All of the following were key principles of the formation of the United States EXCEPT a. a written constitution. c. equality for all. b. a federal government based on popular d. three branches of government. sovereignty. ANS: C Kaplan 2016 78. Which of the following events aided the success of the Latin American independence movements in the 1800s? a. German unification c. Napoleon’s invasion of Spain b. The Sepoy mutiny d. The Industrial Revolution ANS: C Kaplan 2016 17 79. Simon Bolivar, Miguel de Hidalgo, and Jose de San Martin are all examples of a. captains of industry. c. leaders of slave revolts. b. Spanish viceroys. d. revolutionary leaders. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 80. Dominant power in Latin America during the late 1700s and early 1800’s lay in the hands of the a. peninsulares. c. middle class. b. Creoles. d. mestizos ANS: A Kaplan 2016 81. Which of the following BEST represents a key idea of Karl Marx? a. The formation of trade unions would c. Democratic reforms would bring equality alleviate the problems of the industrial to the underprivileged. workers. b. The abuses of the capitalist system would d. Factory owners need to give workers a be solved only if the system were minimum wage and health insurance. overthrown. ANS: B Kaplan 2016 82. All of the following were results of industrialization EXCEPT a. changes in working conditions. c. greater opportunities for economic advancement. b. the family unit serving as an economic d. cheaper manufactured goods. unit. ANS: B Kaplan 2016 83. All of the following statements describe developments in the Ottoman Empire in the time period 1750 to 1900 EXCEPT a. Europeans were exempt from following c. the Young Turk Party promoted reforms. Ottoman law. b. Tanzimat reformers were inspired by d. the Islamic leadership, or ulama, Enlightenment thought. supported the liberal reforms. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 84. The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 resulted in the a. division of Africa among European c. redrawing of the map of Europe. powers. b. creation of spheres of influence in China. d. colonization of India by the British. ANS: A Kaplan 2016 18 85. Which of the following accurately describes the changes for middle- and working- class European women in the time period 1750 to 1900? a. Both middle- and working- class women c. Middle-class women were paid more achieved the right to vote. than working-class women for similar jobs. b. Working-class women labored in d. Working-class women were not as factories, and middle- class women affected by the industrial revolution as followed the cult of domesticity. middle-class women. ANS: B Kaplan 2016 86. The 19th-century ideology of Social Darwinism promoted the notion that a. scientific processes could address all c. the domination of Europeans over issues formerly only answered through subject peoples was inevitable result of religion. innate superiority. b. industrialization would lead to the d. a ruler had an obligation to protect the eventual revolution of the working class. natural rights of his citizens. ANS: C Kaplan 2016 87. The Indian National Congress and the Pan-African Congress were important examples of a. economic alliances between countries in c. international organizations with the goal the developing world. of preventing Cold War conflicts. b. nationalist organizations aimed at d. nongovernment organizations aimed at removing European control. bringing industrialization to Asian and African countries. ANS: B Kaplan 2016 88. The Boxer Rebellion was to China what the Sepoy Mutiny was to a. the Ottoman Empire. c. Korea. b. Japan. d. India. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 89. Which of the following was true of the French Revolution but not the American Revolution? a. It was caused by tensions in a colonial c. Feudal obligations were the source of relationship with a distant imperial much of the discontent that lead to power. revolution. b. The wealthiest members of society were d. Enlightenment ideas provided the basis the main proponents of political change. for much revolutionary rhetoric. ANS: C Kaplan 2016 19 90. What is one of the major causes of the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in England? a. England had the most land of any c. London was the center of the European state. Enlightenment in the 18th century, which inspired the Industrial Revolution. b. The lack of titles of nobility in England d. The enclosure movement in England created unprecedented opportunities for resulted in the decline of the small farm upward social mobility and encouraged and the village commons, creating a large people to become capitalists. pool of mobile former agricultural workers who sought employment in factories. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 91. One of the outcomes of the Taiping Rebellion in China was a. the criminalization of the opium trade in c. China’s rapid industrialization China b. the collapse of the Qing dynasty d. a dramatically weakened economy ANS: D Kaplan 2016 92. Which of the following states sponsored massive industrialization in response to increasing Western European global dominance? a. The Ottoman Empire c. China b. Russia d. Japan ANS: D Kaplan 2016 93. Which of the following was a response to anti-semitism in the 19th century? a. Many European nations passed human c. Some European nations offered rights legislation. incentives for Jewish people to emigrate to the United States. b. The Zionist movement sought to d. Jewish people began to agitate for the establish a Jewish state in Palestine. right to vote. ANS: B Kaplan 2016 94. Which of the following rebellions was supported by leaders of the Qing Dynasty in China? a. The Taiping Rebellion c. The Dungan revolt b. The Miao Rebellion d. The Boxer Rebellion ANS: D Kaplan 2016 20  95. All of the following were indicators of the decline of the Qing dynasty during the 19th century EXCEPT a. a decline in foreign trade. c. corruption and intrigue within the royal court. b. famine and mass migrations. d. rebellions against the dynasty. ANS: A Kaplan 2016 96. The ideological inspiration for the economic changes associated with the rise of capitalism came from a. Adam Smith c. Karl Marx b. John Locke d. Jean-Jacques Rousseau ANS: A Kaplan 2016 97. In the later half of the 19th century, Jewish people were most persecuted in a. the Ottoman Empire. c. North America. b. Northern Europe. d. Russia. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 98. All of the following statements about how the development of the factory system affected labor are accurate EXCEPT a. it concentrated labor in a single location. c. it led to improved working conditions. b. it led to increasing specialization. d. it led to close supervision of workers. ANS: C Kaplan 2016 99. A result of the competition for African colonies in the 19th century was a. more rapid decolonization. c. more cordial relations among European powers. b. the Berlin Conference of 1885. d. the reunification of Italy in 1870. ANS: B Kaplan 2016 100. During the time period 1750-1900, the developments below occurred in which country? -Taiping Rebellion -Opium War -Self-strengthening Movement a. Japan c. India b. Korea d. China ANS: D Kaplan 2016 21 101. How was the Taiping Rebellion different from most rebellions against imperial rule that occurred during the 1800s? a. It was an anticolonial movement. c. It led to a new form of government. b. It was influenced by religious ideas. d. It led the government to resist all reform. ANS: B Kaplan 2016 102. All of the following statements about human migration in the 19th century are accurate EXCEPT a. migrants tended to be male. c. migrants were attracted by the availability of non-manual labor. b. migrants created ethnic enclaves in their d. migrants were not embraced by receiving new lands. societies. ANS: C Kaplan 2016 103. The emancipation of the serfs in Russia in 1861 caused which of the following to happen? a. Most serfs won political rights and were c. Most serfs moved to cities to work in the exempt from taxation. factories. b. Most serfs went on to successful careers d. Most serfs remained desperately poor. as industrial capitalists. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 104. Which of the following most significantly influenced both Italy and Germany in the 1800s? a. Fascism c. Zionism b. Democracy d. Nationalism ANS: D Kaplan 2016 105. All of the following describe major global developments in the time period 1750 to 1900 EXCEPT a. with the development of c. the industrialized nations, in search of industrialization, the world became more raw materials and new markets, often interdependent. colonized areas to protect economic interests. b. the way that people worked, lived, d. the institution of slavery remained traveled, related to their families, unchallenged throughout the period, and communicated, and identified themselves the plantation system dominated the changed for many people. economy of much of the world. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 22 106. One effect of the West’s cultural influence on Meiji Japan was that a. Japanese literature was affected by c. The Japanese rejected Western fashion European models, and writers and hairstyles. experimented with Western verse. b. Christianity replaced Buddhism and d. Confucian values were eliminated in Shinto as the most popular religion in Japan. Japan. ANS: A Kaplan 2016 107. All of the following are examples of the new leisure opportunities enjoyed by the middle class in the late 19th century EXCEPT a. the bicycle. c. television. b. newspapers. d. theater. ANS: C Kaplan 2016 108. Which of the following conclusions can best be supported by this map of the British Empire in the 19th century? a. Indian independence was achieved from c. British influence was limited to the Britain by the end of the 19th century. Americas in the 19th century. b. British imperial power was declining in d. The British Empire had spread the 19th century. throughout the world in the 19th century. ANS: D Kaplan 2016 23 109. This image, produced in 1812, is an example of a. the participation of all social classes in c. the movement of textile factories from the Industrial Revolution Europe to colonial territories such as India b. the use of newspapers to encourage the d. violent reactions to the Industrial building of factories Revolution by groups that included the Luddites ANS: D Kaplan 2016 110. The factors destabilizing the balance of power in Europe in the late 1800s and early 1900s included all of the following EXCEPT a. the strong sense of nationalism held by c. German aggression on the continent many European nations under Bismarck b. European colonial rivalries in Africa and d. the rise of socialist and communists Asia movements in European nations ANS: D Princeton Review 2013 24 111. As a result of Bismarck’s Berlin Congres’ plan to partition Africa a. Germany controlled a substantial portion c. the slave trade with Europe, North of Africa America and South America was halted b. the United States entered the scramble d. only two African nations remained free for Africa at the beginning of the twentieth century ANS: D Princeton Review 2013 112. The ability of nations to industrialize required all of the following conditions EXCEPT a. a reliable source of fuel c. a network of colonies b. improved farming techniques d. a relatively stable power structure ANS: D Princeton Review 2013 113. The movement to industrialize Russia was most dependent on a. emancipating serfs to provide a c. importing coal and other fuel sources substantial labor pool for industry plus the equipment necessary to build manufacturing factories b. becoming more active in colonizing other d. developing a capitalistic system with lands to obtain raw materials and develop laissez-faire and free market economic new markets policies ANS: A Princeton Review 2013 “The capacities of women are supposed to be greater, and their senses quicker than those of the men; and what they might be capable of being bred to, is plain from some instances of female wit, which this age is not without.” 114. The author of this passage would agree most with which of these statements? a. Because of their ability, women are c. The intelligence of women is stronger than men. hypothetical only and not supported by evidence. b. It is acceptable for women to display d. With the proper education, women have humor in public. the ability to be as smart as men. ANS: D Princeton Review 2013 115. In order to hold onto their territory, the Ottomans instituted the Tanzimat Reforms, which included a. access to western education c. nationalization of private industries b. universal suffrage d. emancipation of slaves ANS: A Princeton Review 2013 25 116. A similarity between Song China and the Italian states was that a. both were able to support numerous large c. both had strong secular and religious cities leaders b. neither had a strong, centralized d. both were dependent on the Silk Route government for trade ANS: A Princeton Review 2013 117. Marxism found a few supporters in the late nineteenth century in Europe because a. working conditions in factories improved c. improvements in farming technology due to union demands increased crop yields b. the middle class gained additional d. union organizing was outlawed in a political representation majority of industries ANS: A Princeton Review 2013 118. Which of the following statements about Sun Yat-sen is accurate? a. Sun Yat-sen’s brutal leadership style c. The Chinese Republic was successful in inspired a military coup that ended his expelling the British from China and reign of terror over China. creating an economically and politically strong nation. b. The People’s Republic of China founded d. One of Sun Yat-sen’s first tasks as ruler by Sun Yat-sen was based on a Five Year was to purge communists from Plan for economic growth. high-ranking government positions. ANS: A Princeton Review 2013 119. Which of these factors played the greatest role in European interest in South Africa in the late 1800s? a. The need for additional sources of c. The discovery of precious metal African slaves resources b. The desire for new markets for European d. Political turmoil along northern goods European trade routes ANS: C Princeton Review 2013 “It is the highest impertinence and presumption, therefore, in kinds and ministers, to pretend to watch over the economy of private people, and to restrain their expense, either by sumptuary laws, or by prohibiting the importation of foreign luxuries.” 120. The author of this quotation would almost likely agree with which of the following governmental programs? a. Increased tariffs on imported items c. Institution of social welfare systems b. Laissez-faire economic policies d. Minimum wage laws for unionized workers ANS: B Princeton Review 2013 26 121. In which of these societies were merchants and traders placed in a lower social class than farmers and artisans? a. Byzantium c. Japan b. Tudor England d. Han China ANS: D Princeton Review 2013 122. Which of the following is a true statement about the French Revolution of 1789? a. It failed to instill a sense of nationalism c. The Revolution turned radical with the in France. involvement of the peasants. b. Women gained suffrage as part of the d. It officially ended with the Constitution revolution. of 1791 ANS: C Princeton Review 2013 123. Which of the following was an impact of the theory of Social Darwinism? a. Industrialization led to worker revolts. c. Europeans justified their domination of colonized people. b. Rulers were obligated to protect their d. Science was viewed as more important citizens. than religious belief. ANS: C Princeton Review 2013 124. All of the following were impacts of the Industrial Revolution EXCEPT a. the rise of social and political reform c. an increased demand for African slaves movements in North America b. a manufacturing system based on d. an increase in the number of independent division of labor nations ANS: D Princeton Review 2013 27 125. Which of the following statements is an accurate interpretation of this political cartoon? a. Labor unions could not have arisen in the c. By the end of the nineteenth century, nineteenth century without specific labor union membership was declining. economic and social policies and problems. b. The workplace problems that gave rise to d. Labor union leaders were anxious for the labor unions in the 1800s and had mostly state of the twentieth century. been remedied by the end of the century. ANS: A Princeton Review 2013 28 126. Based on the information in the above chart, which of the following conclusions is accurate? a. Eastern Europe lagged behind western c. The greatest proportionate growth in Europe in the development of national miles of rail occurred in Germany railroad systems. between 1880 and 1900. b. There were approximately the same d. Russia’s Industrial Revolution occurred number of people living in Germany in later than Great Britain’s. 1900 as in Russia. ANS: D Princeton Review 2013 127. The reasons for intense imperialism among European nations included all of the following EXCEPT a. industrialization generated the demand c. there was a belief in the racial superiority for new sources of raw materials of Europeans b. the military need to establish strategic d. population decline in European nations bases around the world required new sources of labor ANS: D Princeton Review 2013 128. Which of the following statements about slavery in the pre-modern world is NOT accurate? a. In Greece, slaves were most often c. Slavery was not always a lifetime foreigners or prisoners of war. commitment, and many slaves were taken as prisoners of war. b. In the Islamic world, slaves of kings d. All pre-modern societies except those in could rise to high-level positions. India and China traded slave labor. ANS: D Princeton Review 2013 29 129. Which of the following resulted from to revolutionary movements in Latin American colonies? a. Social inequality continued to exist. c. Widespread economic reforms were instituted. b. Key industries were nationalized. d. Representative democracies were formed. ANS: A Princeton Review 2013 130. Which advancement from Scientific Revolution is matched correctly with its inventor? a. Morgagni: Philosophy c. Newton:physics b. Copernicus: chemistry d. Kepler: botany ANS: C Princeton Review 2013 131. A major difference between industrialization in England and Japan was that a. while England had a well-developed rail c. working conditions were better in Japan system, Japan depended on water than in England transportation b. Japan was more dependent than England d. class tensions between workers and on foreign imports to establish and owners were an issue in England but not operate industrial facilities in Japan ANS: B Princeton Review 2013 132. Which of the following is an accurate statement about Ethiopia and Thailand before 1915? a. They both remained the only free nations c. Civil wars in each country toppled in their regions. monarchies and installed democracies. b. They both gained their freedom in d. The citizens of both nations were peaceful revolutions. converted to Islam before 1915. ANS: A Princeton Review 2013 133. Population trends in industrialized nations between 1800 and 1900 included all of the following EXCEPT a. higher birth rates c. lower infant mortality b. higher migration to western Europe and d. decreased death rates North America ANS: A Princeton Review 2013 30 134. In The Communist Manifest, Karl Marx outlined how he believed a communist revolution should proceed and what results would be produced. In which of the following ways did the Russian Revolution NOT fit Marx’s model? a. The Russian Revolution involved less c. The Russian Revolution involved far violence and took far less time than Marx more bourgeoisie and elite citizens than had envisioned. Marx predicted. b. Russia was less industrialized than Marx d. Marx thought that women had little to believed was necessary for revolution to contribute to the success of communism, occur. but they were more involved in the revolution and received more benefit from it than Marx had predicted. ANS: B Princeton Review 2013 135. The primary goal of the Meiji Restoration was to a. diminish the power of the shogun and the c. liberalize civil and criminal legal codes samurai b. isolate itself from foreign influences d. increase agricultural and industrial productivity ANS: D Princeton Review 2013 31 136. The main idea of this cartoon is that a. Japan was becoming a stronger player in c. Japan was content to accept smaller expansionism and imperialism in Asia nations like Formosa, leaving the larger Asian nations for European colonialism b. European colonialism was destroying d. Japanese colonialism was aimed Asian nations and cultures one piece at a primarily at southern Asian, while time European nations focused on central and northern Asia ANS: A Princeton Review 2013 137. Efforts at industrialization in Russia and Japan were similar in that a. both began in the early nineteenth c. both countries developed more century centralized governments b. both followed the termination of d. both depended on the textile industry long-established institutions ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 138. In the early years of industrial development a. women in Japan emerged from c. married women had more opportunities traditional roles for clerical jobs b. husbands and wives were given more d. British women lost jobs in domestic opportunities to work together manufacturing ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 32 139. Common to most early industrial nations was the development of a. steel manufacturing c. zaidbatsu b. railroads d. unions ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 140. Japan’s greatest challenge to industrialization was a. its inefficient banking system c. lack of government cooperation b. its geography d. the continued presence of the shogunate ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 141. The Industrial Revolution in Great Britain a. was facilitated because of the enclosure c. initiated an interest in global trade movement b. followed a similar revolution in the d. received little government support United States ANS: A McGraw Hill 2012-2013 142. Industrialization in Egypt a. gave new freedoms to lower classes c. resulted from disharmony in the Muslim world b. decreased Egypt’s dependency on the d. was accomplished without government West support ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 143. In the early nineteenth century, Russia remained backward to Western nations because of a. a history of tsarist opposition to c. its lack of a labor force westernization b. its decentralized government d. its continuation of serfdom ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 144. After the Perry expedition to Japan a. Japan refused to open ports to Western c. industrialization was accompanied by nations imitation of Western governments b. the samurai opposed trade relations with d. traditional Japanese religion lost the West popularity ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 33 145. In the late nineteenth century, Chinese and Japanese laborers were sought in a. Hawaii c. Mexico b. Argentina d. Western Europe ANS: A McGraw Hill 2012-2013 146. Among common migration patterns in the nineteenth century was a. migration from Latin America to c. the discontinuation of settler colonies Mediterranean Europe b. middle-class migration from countryside d. migration for religious reasons to city ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 147. Disease transmission between 1750 and 1914 a. resulted in new employment c. produced increased mortality rates during opportunities for East Asian immigrants childbirth b. did not effect Oceania d. saw thousands of Europeans die from exposure to native diseases of the Americas and East Asia ANS: A McGraw Hill 2012-2013 148. Population patterns in the nineteenth century a. showed growth restricted to the Western c. showed decline in East Asia and growth world in Western Europe b. showed limited growth among working d. were affected by the Columbian classes Exchange of the previous period ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 149. New scientific and artistic expressions in the West in the nineteenth century a. supported traditional beliefs c. created new frontiers in physics b. relied on reason in literary expression d. relied on observation rather than experiments to explain human behavior ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 150. The American and the French revolutions were alike in all the following ways EXCEPT a. they both brought increased political c. they both involved representation in their power for women respective legislatures b. they were prompted by issues of taxation d. they produced documents that defined similar natural rights ANS: A McGraw Hill 2012-2013 34 151. The Haitian Revolution was the only revolution of the period 1750 to 1900 that was initiated and fought by a. Creoles c. slaves b. mestizos d. foreign mercenaries ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 152. The Brazilian independence movement a. resulted in the abolition of slavery c. involved a prolonged struggle with Portugal b. produced a republic for Brazil d. was the result of the Napoleonic wars ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 153. The declining years of the Qing dynasty saw a. the influence of foreign nations c. the long-term acceptance of the self-strengthening movement b. invasion by nomadic people north of the d. the end of the opium trade Great Wall ANS: A McGraw Hill 2012-2013 154. Marxism a. became the model for socialism in c. advocated centralization of the state Western European nations. b. anticipated revolution in agrarian d. saw history as a series of class struggles societies ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 155. Political, economic, and social change from 1750 to 1900 a. saw sweeping changes in political rights c. included reaction against foreign for women influence in China and Mexico b. was generally led by members of the d. brought increased prosperity to Latin lower classes America ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 156. Imperialism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was a result of all the following EXCEPT a. nationalism c. industrialization b. militarism d. socialism ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 35 157. Economic imperialism a. did not lead to direct political control c. was the most common imperialist model over new territories in Africa b. led to colonial dependence upon d. led to industrialization of Latin America industrialized nations ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 158. Which of the following pairs of nations and their imperialist interests is NOT correct? a. United States-Cuba c. Japan-Hawaii b. Great Britain- India d. Germany-Africa ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 159. The new imperialism of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries a. brought technology created for the c. resulted in some effects similar to those benefit of subject peoples of the Columbian Exchange b. created an egalitarian society in India d. strengthened African village traditions ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 160. South Africa a. was subjected more to economic c. became an egalitarian society under imperialism than political control Dutch rule b. saw British enslavement of native d. saw the beginnings of racial divisions peoples during colonial rule ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 161. Nationalism a. brought tolerance for diversity within the c. delayed the unification of both Italy and Russian Empire Germany b. eased tensions within the Austrian d. served as both a unifying and a divisive Empire force ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 162. European imperialism was facilitated by all the following EXCEPT a. medical advances c. the invention of the steam engine b. the abolition movement d. improved European weaponry ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 36 163. Colonialism in India a. was facilitated by the breakup of the c. brought greater self-rule to the Mughal Empire subcontinent after the Sepoy Rebellion b. brought an end to tensions between d. decreased nationalist feelings among Muslims and Hindus Indians ANS: A McGraw Hill 2012-2013 164. When the Mexican liberal Ponciano Arriaga referred to the Indians of Mexico as “proletarians,” he was echoing a. the proclamation of the Young Turks c. the Declaration of the Rights of Man b. Marx and Engels d. the Monroe Doctrine ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 165. In calling the Mexican Indians “proletariat,” Arriaga was referring to their role as a. workers c. slaves b. indentured servants d. revolutionaries ANS: A McGraw Hill 2012-2013 166. African influences on American culture included all of the following EXCEPT a. language c. commerce b. agricultural knowledge d. religious practices ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 167. Which of the following facilitated European advances into Asia in the nineteenth century? a. Communication cables that linked Asia c. The popularity of Christianity in East with Europe Asia b. Intense rivalries among major Asian d. Weakening Asian economies that nations welcomed European trade ANS: A McGraw Hill 2012-2013 168. Japan’s response to the opening of trade with the United States and Europe was a. to protect the territorial integrity of c. to engage in conflict with Russia Korea b. to assist China in resolving unequal d. to end the power of its traditional ruling treaties with European powers and the dynasty United States ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 37 169. The reasons for India’s history of fragmented government have included all of the following EXCEPT a. its religious diversity c. its varied landscape b. its diverse economic activity d. its cycle of monsoons ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 170. The concept of extraterritoriality is associated with a. Japan and India c. Indonesia and Vietnam b. Korea and the Russian Empire d. China and the Ottoman Empire ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 171. The Indian National Congress a. remained separate from the Muslim c. felt that India’s future lay in cooperating League with Great Britain b. was against Indian self-rule d. agreed with the Ottoman Empire’s Young Turks that reform was necessary to withstand European imperialism ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 172. Which of the following is NOT true regarding the Seven Years’ War? a. It was the first global war. c. It laid the basis for British imperial dominance. b. It occurred during the period of d. It involved the Indian Ocean and the Portuguese dominance in the Indian Caribbean. Ocean. ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 173. In the early nineteenth century, the most urbanized nation was a. China c. the United States b. Russia d. Great Britain ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 174. The growth of rubber and palm oil production in Africa produced all of the following effects EXCEPT a. greater technology transfer to Africans c. disruption of village life b. production concentrated around d. malnutrition European needs and desires ANS: A McGraw Hill 2012-2013 38 175. In the period between 1750 and 1914, the Chinese empire was weakened by all of the following EXCEPT a. the Boxer Rebellion c. the opium trade b. defense treaties with Great Britain and d. loss of tribute Japan ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 176. Which of the following is true of all the Russians and Japanese from 1750 to 1914? a. They both built increasingly powerful c. They both had a well-educated populace. empires. b. Their governments encouraged rapid d. Both ha decentralized governments. industrialization. ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 177. Which of the following is true concerning imperialism in the period 1750 to 1914? a. Europeans set up a number of settler c. Western Europe, the United States, and colonies in Southeast Asia. Japan were all imperialist powers. b. Imperialism prevented the integration of d. Colonies became ready markets for local economies into global trade Western manufactured goods. networks. ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 178. All of the following are true of the Balkans in the nineteenth century EXCEPT a. Russia wanted to extend the Pan-Slavic c. it was the focus of Europe’s imperialist movements to the Balkans powers b. Balkan states were controlled by d. it was a region of potentially volatile Austria-Hungary and the Ottomans nationalist sentiment ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 179. Which of the following is NOT true of industrialization in the nineteenth century? a. The Second Industrial Revolution was c. Railroads were a key element of based on mechanization in the textile industrialization. industry. b. After the 1850s, industrial machines d. Belgium became the first industrialized were often run by electricity. state of continental Europe. ANS: A McGraw Hill 2012-2013 39 180. Which of the following was a problem encountered by both the United States and Latin America in the period 1750 to 1914? a. Dependence on primary levels of c. Well-defined social classes production b. Conflicts with indigenous peoples d. Assertion of power by military leaders ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 181. Which country’s revolution was both an independence and an antislavery movement? a. Mexico c. Brazil b. Haiti d. Venezuela ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 182. Karl Marx’s use of the term “bourgeoisie” to refer to factory management was also used to describe a. the ancient regime in France c. the free black society of Haiti b. the Western-educated Chinese leaders d. the initiators of the French Revolution opposed to the Qing dynasty ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 “Take up the White man’s Burden- The savage wars of peace- Fill full the mouth of Famine And bid the sickness cease.” Rudyard Kipling, “The White Man’s Burden” 183. Kipling’s poem received its rationale from which of the following nineteenth-century philosophies? a. Conservatism c. Liberalism b. Romanticism d. Social Darwinism ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 184. Both the wearing of corsets in Europe in the nineteenth century and the custom of footbinding in China was designed a. for use among lower-class women c. to restrict women to work in the fields b. to deny women status in their respective d. to restrict women’s freedom of activity society ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 40 185. Japan was more accepting of Western advances than China in the nineteenth century because a. Japan feared the power of Great Britain c. Japanese leaders wanted a democracy in East Asia patterned after the United States b. Japan feared the power of Korea d. Japan recognized the need to open up trade relations with the West in order to increase its national power ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 186. Which of the following was NOT the result of colonialism in the period 1750 to 1914? a. Global trade increased significantly. c. Global migration increased because of imperialist recruitment of labor forces. b. National identities among subject d. Sometimes imperialists built a plantation peoples were eliminated. economy around a traditional crop of the colony. ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 187. Which of the following rulers held the LEAST power over his subjects during the eighteenth century? a. The Russian tsar c. The Japanese emperor b. The Qing emperor d. The Ottoman sultan ANS: C McGraw Hill 2012-2013 188. Which of the following describes the relationship between the Ottoman Empire and European nations from 1750 to 1914? a. The Ottomans lost their territory in c. The Ottomans gained Egypt from France. Anatolia to European states. b. Nationalist uprisings forced the d. The Ottomans gained territory from the Ottomans to recognize the independence weakening Russian Empire. of Greece and Serbia ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 189. Which of the following is true regarding Russia in 1914? a. Continuing serfdom weakened its c. It lost territory to the Ottomans. industrial development. b. Its Russification policy promoted ethnic d. Its economy was unable to manage the harmony. tsar’s desire for expansion. ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 41 190. Which of the following is NOT true of imperialism in Southeast Asia in the period 1750 to 1914? a. Much of central Asia was brought under c. The Roman Catholic Church became Russian control. prominent in Vietnam. b. By 1900, all of Southeast Asia was d. British-controlled Singapore became an under colonial rule. active trade center. ANS: B McGraw Hill 2012-2013 191. In the nineteenth century, the Ottoman and Russian empires were examples of a. nation-states c. religious toleration b. socialist empires d. religious diversity ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 192. By the middle of the eighteenth century, both China and Great Britain a. had a network of banks and financial c. lacked accessible water transportation institutions b. had accessible deposits of coal d. possessed colonies to supply raw materials ANS: A McGraw Hill 2012-2013 193. Which of the following was true of Latin American society in the period 1750 to 1914? a. Society was egalitarian. c. Intellectuals produced works based on Latin American values. b. Few migrants came to Latin America. d. The Argentine gaucho enjoyed a type of admiration equal to that of the U.S. cowboy. ANS: D McGraw Hill 2012-2013 42  The Changing Pattern of Japanese Trade 194. Which of the following developments in the period 1878-1922 best explains the change in Japanese trade patterns shown in the graphs above? a. Japanese manufacturing output decreased c. Japanese manufacturing output rose as a because Japanese leaders restricted consequence of industrialization commercial ties. b. Export of manufactured goods declined d. Japanese imports of raw materials because United States tariffs on Japanese increased as a consequence of extensive goods increased. immigration to Japan. ANS: C 2011 AP Test 195. The Meiji reforms in Japan resulted in a. the strengthening of the power of c. the Tokugawa shogunate’s adoption of a regional lords at the expense of the unified civil code emperor b. a shift of power away from regional lords d. the overthrow of the imperial system for and to the emperor a democratic republic ANS: B 2014 AP Test 43 196. The image from Japan during the Meiji Restoration best exemplifies which of the following processes? a. Attempts by conservative members of c. Greater freedom for women resulting society to maintain indigenous traditions from democratization b. Cultural changes accompanying greater d. Increased emphasis on international contact with the United States cooperation as a result of the lowering of trade barriers. ANS: B 2013 AP Test 44 197. The image from a 1789 stamp has the caption “Be free and citizens.” This abolitionist sentiment associated with the French Revolution was a direct cause of a. the Haitian Revolution c. the abolition of slavery in Brazil b. the end of the Portuguese slave trade d. the American Civil War ANS: A Kaplan 2016 198. Built in 1883 in Tokyo, the building shown here is an example of a. westernization in Japan during the Meiji c. palace buildings designed for Tokugawa era shoguns b. architecture constructed in Japanese d. Showa era department store architecture cities controlled by European trading companies ANS: A Kaplan 2016 45 199. Which of the following pairs of terms best describes the Enlightenment ideas that were influential from 1750 to 1900? a. empiricism and humanism c. worker ownership of industry and utopian communities b. conservatism and aristocratic rule d. nationalism and instinct ANS: A AMSCO AP Book 200. Which of the following demonstrates that Toussaint L’Ouverture was greatly influenced by Enlightenment ideas? a. He started the revolts in Haiti that ended c. He won control of the territory that slavery. would become Haiti. b. He negotiated with the Spanish against d. He produced a constitution that granted the French. equality to all residents of Haiti. ANS: D AMSCO AP Book 201. Which would be the most useful source of evidence for understanding John Locke’s influence on Thomas Jefferson? a. a biography of Locke written in 1748 c. an essay by a current politician quoting Jefferson b. a speech by Jefferson defending the d. collections of writings by Locke and by Declaration of Independence Jefferson ANS: D AMSCO AP Book 202. Which of the following would Adam Smith advocate most strongly? a. implementing mercantilist policies c. increasing government controls over production b. reducing government regulations on trade d. giving workers ownership of industries ANS: B AMSCO AP Book 203. Which of the following best describes an important demand that helped bring on the French Revolution? a. The First Estate, or clergy, demanded c. The Third Estate, or workers, peasants, that the Church have more power in and bourgeoisie, demanded more equal government. taxation and a constitution. b. The Second Estate, or nobility, d. King Louis XVI demanded more taxes demanded that workers and peasants pay from the First and Second Estates. higher taxes. ANS: C AMSCO AP Book 46 204. Which of the following is the best example of the concept of realpolitik in action? a. Bonaparte’s spread of French influence c. Herzl’s support for Zionism in hopes for through the implementation of the Code finding a safe place for Jews to live Napoleon b. Bismarck’s support of old-age pensions d. Robert Owen’s establishment of the New to undercut the appeal of more radical Harmony community as an example for ideas others to follow ANS: B AMSCO AP Book Do not adopt the best system of government, but the one which is most likely to succeed...for it must be admitted that there is nothing more difficult in the political world than the maintenance of a limited monarchy. Moreover it must also be agreed that only a people as patriotic as the English are capable of controlling the authority of a king and of sustaining the spirit of liberty under the rule of scepter and crown. - Simon Bolivar, letter to a Jamaican gentleman 205. Which statement most accurately summarizes Simon Bolivar’s attitude toward establishment of new governments in the Americas? a. It would be impractical for the new Latin c. New Latin American governments American states to establish a limited should be based on conservative ideals. monarchy like England’s. b. The Latin American governments should d. It would be advisable for the new Latin be based on conservative ideals. American states to establish a limed monarchy like England’s. ANS: A AMSCO AP Book 206. Which of the following concepts best summarizes the idea expressed in the first sentence of the quotation? a. laissez-faire c. nationalism b. realpolitik d. social contract ANS: B AMSCO AP Book 47  Italian Emigration to Argentina, 1857-1890 Period Number of People 1857-1860 6,743 1861-1870 49,638 1871-1880 37,235 1881-1890 201,218 207. Which of the following most likely caused the growth from 1881-1890 a. economic conditions in Italy c. limited constitutional monarchy in Argentina b. the uniting of the Italian Peninsula under d. enlightened despotism in Italy after its the House of Savoy unification ANS: A AMSCO AP Book 208. Which of the following events would advocates of the Enlightenment most likely use to vindicate the movement? a. the advances in scientific knowledge` c. the establishment of nationalistic movements around the world b. the use of realpolitik to accomplish d. the development by European countries real-world change of colonial empires ANS: B AMSCO AP Book 209. Which statement provides the best context for interpreting this photo showing a textile factory in the Industrial Revolution a. The machines used in factories were very c. Middle-class females preferred working similar to the ones used in homes. in factories to working at home. b. Textiles were among the last products to d. Children provided a source of low-cost be made in factories. labor for factories. ANS: B AMSCO AP Book 48 210. One important reason rural residents in Britain migrated to cities during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was that they a. lost the use of land through the enclosure c. wanted to live in urban tenements movement b. were part of the cottage industry system d. preferred the factory work schedule over the farm one ANS: A AMSCO AP Book 211. W