1721835036.pdf

SOCIO RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS C SS R A RM PA  Reform Movements Reformist: wants to bring reforms and end social evils Revivalist: wants to revive the old things Background Social E...

SOCIO RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS C SS R A RM PA  Reform Movements Reformist: wants to bring reforms and end social evils Revivalist: wants to revive the old things Background Social Evils in Society C Untouchability Superstition Polygamy (multiple marriages) SS Purdah System Polytheism (worship of more than one God) Position of Women Deteriorated in society Causes: Polygamy Sati System R Widow Remarriage not allowed A Steps Taken to Ameliorate Women’s Position RM 1. Abolition of Sati 1829: An Act passed to abolish Sati System by the efforts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy William Bentinck Governor General of India D. K. Karve associated with it (during this time) 2. Widow Remarriage PA 1856: Widow Remarriage Act passed by efforts of Ishwar Chandra Vidhyasagar (Principal in Sanskrit College) Dalhousie Governor Got this title from his General of India (during college this time) Widow Remarriage Association by: 1850: Vishu Shastri Pandit Name: Vidhva Vivaha Uttejaka Mandala 1861: M. G. Ranade Weekly name: Satya Prakash by Karsondas mulji  3. Child Marriage B. M. Malabari associated with this > 1891: Age of Consent Act passed due to his - efforts ↳ Child marriage less than 12 years not allowed ~ Sarda Act 1930 C Age of: - · Boys: 18 yrs - Girls: 14 yrs SS 7 Gave Downward Filtration Theory 4. Education 1835: Macaulay’s Minute > To promote English language - & During William Bentinck (Father of English Education in India) > - R Only rich classes were given education in English medium A Wood’s Dispatch 1854 Abrogate the Downward Filtration Thoery 1st university for Indian Women: RM : Called as: Magna Carta of Indian Education by · D. K Dr KavreKeshav Karve Dhondo Focus on Vernaculars (local language) at lower level Women’s Organisation Bharat Stree Mahamandal PA Founder: Sarla Devi Chaudharani Ladies Social Conference - Founder: Ramabai Ranade Arya Mahila Samaj S Founder: Pandita Ramabai Saraswati All India Women’s Conference Founder: Margaret Cousins Struggle against Caste based Exploitation (against Chaturvarna System) Mahad Satyagraha: 1927 C By B. R Ambedkar Burnt Manusmriti 1791: 1st Hindu College Bahistkrit Hitkarni Sabha: 1924 SS (Banaras) by Jonathan By B. R Ambedkar at Bombay Duncan Self Respect Movement: by E V Ramaswamy Naicker (also known as Periyar) In Kerala: Narayan Guru Not first · In Maharashtra: Jyotibha Phule Jyotiba Phule Hindu R Father of Indian Renaissance College Founded Hindu College (1817) in A Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Brahmo Samaj Calcutta with the help of David 1814: Atmiya Sabha (Forerunner of Brahmo Samaj) Hare Title of Raja to him by: Akbar II RM Writings: Gift to monotheism, Sambad Kamudi, Percepts of Jesus, Mirat-ul-Akbar 1828: Brahmo Sabha formed Was established by Debendranath Tagore 1839: Tattvabodhini Sabha/Patrika in Kolkata By Debendranath Tagore Adi Brahmo Samaj Released Tattvabodhini Patrika PA Invited Keshab Chandra Sen joined Brahmo Samaj in 1858 Due to different philosophical thinking’s Brahmo Samaj breaks in 1866 Adi Brahmo Samaj Tagore Brahmo Samaj of India 1878 Sadharan Brahmo Samaj 1825: Vedanta College Dharma Sabha: 1830 Revivalist Movement By Radhakant Deb Was against the idea of Raja Raj Mohan Roy  Paramhansa Mandali Formed in 1849 By Dadoba Pandurang and Mehtaji Durgaram in Maharashtra Prarthana Mandali In 1867 By Atmaram Pandurang in Maharashtra Joined by M. G Ranade later C From Mali/Gardener community Satyasodhak Samaj In 1873 By · Jyotibha Jyotiba Phule in Maharashtra against Caste Discrimination SS > He opened Girl College with his wife Savitribai Phule 1st female teacher of India 2 books written: Gulamgiri, Sarvajanik Satyadharma (both in Marathi) Arya Samaj: 1875 R Founder: Swami Dayanand Saraswati 1st unit opened at Bombay and later in Lahore Original name: Mool Shankar A Book written: Satyarth Prakash Advocated for Caste less and Class less society Slogans: “Back to Vedas”, India for Indians RM He considered Vedas as infallible but criticised Puranas He believed in Karma and Reincarnation He subscribed (support) the Chaturvarna System on the basis of work not by birth DAV College (1886) Lahore 1893: divided into PA College party In Arya Samaj Mahatma party Sudhi Movement Started by Arya Samaj for purification of people who converted to Christianity Back to Hinduism  7 Original name: Gadodhar Chattopadhyay Ramkrishna Movement - Ramkrishna Paramhansa (Priest of Kali Mandir in Calcutta) ↓ Follower > According to him “Service of man is service to God” T Swami Vivekananda Original name: Narendranath Dutta ↳Books: Raja Yoga, Karma Yoga C > - Believes in idol worship - Birth: 12 Jan 1863, celebrated as “Youth Day” > - Died in: 4 July 1902 SS Ramkrishna Mission: 1897 - Started by Swani Vivekananda & 1893 > - He gave speech in Chicago in a conference - He advocate on how to make balance between materialism and spiritualism Swami Vivekananda Rock Memorial = Tamil Nadu (Kanyakumari) I Balshashtri Jambhekar > - R Two newspapers ↓ ↓ A Darpan Digdarshan RM Gopal Hari Deshmukh ↑ Pen name: Lokahitwadi Servants of Indian Society: 1905 Founder: Gopal Krishna Gokhale Political Guru of Gandhi. / - PA Social Service League: 1920 By Narayana Malhar Joshi at Bombay Seva Sadan: 1908 - By B. M Malabari Dev Samaj: 1887 I Founder: S. N Agnihotri at Lahore Self Respect Movement: 1924 By E. V Ramaswamy Naicker Aruvippuram Movement Shree Narayana Guru Dharam Paripalana (SNDP) Movement Started by Shree Narayan Guru Swami For the upliftment of Ezhavas Community of Kerala Justice Movement: 1917 C By C N Mudaliar, T. M Nair, P. Tyagaraja SS Temple Entry Movement In North India (1927) By B. R Ambedkar In South India (1924) By T. K Madhavan Vaikom Satyagraha (1924) By K. P Keshava M. G Ranade and Raghunath Rao Pledge Movement started by them R Indian National Social Conference: 1887, Madras A Theosophical Society: 1875 In New York, USA by HP Blavatsky, MS Olcott RM Later HQ shifted to Adyar Madras from New York in 1882 Later Annie Besant Take its membership Young Bengal Movement In 1829, by Henry Vivian Derozia PA Aligarh Movement Started by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan Established a Mohammaden Anglo Oriental College in 1875 Later called: Aligarh Muslim University in 1920 Wrote: Tahdibul-Aklaq Deoband Movement: 1868 Started by Nanotovi Gangohi One Liners (MCQs) Vishnushahstri Chiplunkar started a monthly Marathi Magazine in 1874: Nibandhamala ‘Asiatic Society of Bengal’ founded by Sir William Jones in 1784 Veda Samaj C Started in Madras in 1864 Worked to abolish Caste distinctions and promote widow remarriage and women’s education SS Satnami Movement: by Guru Ghasidas In Central India for improving social status of leather workers First Indian to receive the Ramon Magsaysay Award for his contribution to community leadership Acharya Vinoba Bhave R Brahmo Convenant written by: Debendranath Tagore A RM PA