Beauty & Wellness Class-9 PDF

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SELF−PUBLISHING AI PLATFORM 100+ 10,000+ Auto Hindi Professional Earn Book Themes Layouts & Images SpellCheck Transliteration Reviews Money Full Marks Progressive Educational Publishers 4594A/9, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 Phone: 011-43776625 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.fullmarks.org  9 cbse A Textbook of Beauty & Wellness Skill Education | CODE 407 Rachna Malik Educator Full Marks Progressive Educational Publishers Published by: Full Marks 4594A/9, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 Phone: 011-43776625 Website: www.fullmarks.org E-mail: [email protected] © Author All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. Branches: Chennai Guwahati Marketing Offices: Ahmedabad Bengaluru Bhopal Bhubaneswar Dehradun Hyderabad Jaipur Jalandhar Kochi Kolkata Lucknow Mumbai Patna Raipur Ranchi New Edition “This book is meant for educational and learning purposes. The author(s) of the book has/have taken all reasonable care to ensure that the contents of the book do not violate any existing copyright or other intellectual property rights of any person in any manner whatsoever. In the event the author(s) has/have been unable to track any source and if any copyright has been inadvertently infringed, please notify the publisher in writing for corrective action.” Printed and Distributed by Orange House Pvt Ltd  Preface The pursuit of wellness and beauty has become more important than ever in today's fast- paced world, where stress and busy schedules are the norm. This book offers readers insights, methods, and pointers to improve their outward look as well as their inner well-being, acting as a thorough guide to the wide world of beauty and health activities. Beauty and wellness are about developing a complete approach to happiness and health, not just about surface-level aesthetics. Readers will learn how wellbeing, health, and beauty are intertwined and how each facet contributes to a happy, balanced existence through the pages of this book. A large number of skill subjects are offered by CBSE to students to enhance their skills and understanding in various areas. Beauty and Wellness provides an insight into the beauty industry - An introduction to the world of Beauty and wellness. This book is designed for the students to learn about and perform the basics of beauty therapy and maintain hygiene and safety at workplace. The students would gain knowledgeable about various beauty products and will be able to perform basic depilation, manicure, pedicure and basic face care services. They will be able to assist Beauty Therapist in providing advanced services. The students will be trained in the correct usage and handling to perform the skin treatments safely. I've compiled years of knowledge from professionals in a variety of industries, together with my own years of experience, to produce a resource that is both useful and educational. It is my hope that as they set out on their own unique path towards wellness and beauty, readers will find inspiration, direction, and support in these pages. I invite you to explore the chapters that catch your attention, try out the advice and methods offered, and accept the transformational potential of wellness and beauty in your life. Recall that establishing harmony and balance in your mind, body, and spirit is the foundation of genuine wellness, and that beauty starts the moment you choose to be who you are. –Author (iii)  Syllabus NO. OF HOURS MAX. MARKS UNITS for Theory and Practical for Theory and 200 Practical 100 Employability Skills Unit 1 : Communication Skills-I 10 2 Unit 2 : Self-Management Skills-I 10 2 Part A Unit 3 : I nformation and Communication 10 2 Technology Skills-I Unit 4 : Entrepreneurial Skills-I 15 2 Unit 5 : Green Skills-I 05 2 Total 50 10 Theory Periods Practical Periods Subject Specific Skills Marks (In Hours) (In Hours) Unit 1 : I ntroduction to Beauty and Wellness 10 20 Part B Industry 20 Unit 2 : M  anicure, Pedicure, Mehendi Services 10 20 Unit 2 : M  anicure, Pedicure, Mehendi Services 10 20 20 Unit 3 : Hair Care 10 35 Total 40 95 40 Practical Work Practical Examination 15 Part C Written Test 10 Viva Voce 10 Total 35 Project Work/Field Visit Part D Practical File/ Student Portfolio 10 Viva Voce 05 Total 15 Grand Total 200 100 Unit 1 Introduction to Beauty and Wellness Industry S. Learning Theory Practical No. outcomes 1. Identify Introduction Identify and enlist various beauty various career Beauty and wellness industry in India and wellness service providers opportunities Career opportunities in the beauty and Prepare a project report on any and methods wellness sector organisation present locally. The within the Emerging unisex services report should include the following - Beauty Sector International beauty brands size, service, equipment, manpower An assistant beauty therapist’s professional path (iv)  2. Identify Introduction to various beauty service - manicure, Demonstration of different beauty different pedicure, threading, waxing, bleach, face clean- services in beauty therapy services in up, make-up, hairdo, mehendi (henna) beauty therapy 3. Prepare and Introduction to work area preparation and Prepare and maintain the treatment maintain work maintenance work area area Maintaining of record cards Fill up client record cards Essentials of the work area Prepare the client for treatment Sterilisation and disinfection methods Sterilise and disinfect equipment and tools Equipment and material used in a beauty Segregate and dispose off waste salon Personal presentation and behaviour Safe disposal of waste Storage of tools and equipment Compliance of rules and norms Responsibilities of an Assistance beauty therapist 4. Maintain Introduction to maintaining health and safety at health and work area safety at work Fire safety Electrical safety Chemical safety area Posture, lifting and carrying Parlour hygiene Unit 2 Manicure, Pedicure and Mehendi Services S. Learning Theory Practical No. Outcomes 1. Anatomy of Introduction to anatomy of nails, hair and I d e n t i f y a n d n a m e v a r i o u s nail, hand feet important bones and muscle of and feet Skeletal system Muscular system hand and feet Structure of the nail 2. Perform Introduction to the term manicure Identify contra- actions that affect manicure Preparing the work area for manicure or restrict manicure services Contra- indications for manicure Identify nail shape, nail condition Identification of nail conditions (texture, disease etc) Manicure procedure List the type of nail diseases Aftercare advice Prepare the client for manicure Identify the products and tools suitable to carry out manicure services Demonstration of various techniques used in manicure. Techniques - filing, buffing, application of cuticle cream, removal of cuticle, cuticle pushing, polishing (v)  3. Perform Introduction to the term pedicure Identify contra- actions that affect Pedicure Purpose of pedicure or restrict pedicure Services Prepare the client for pedicure Contra-indications for Pedicure Pedicure procedure Demonstration of various techniques used in pedicure- Pedicure massage filing, buffing, application of After care advice cuticle cream, removal of cuticle, cuticle pushing 4. Carryout Introduction Demonstration for preparation of application Menehdi art on hands and legs mehendi of simple Demonstration of simple Tools and materials required mehendi mehendi designs Mehendi preparation designs Identify various parts of the body Procedure for applying mehendi commonly used for mehendi Sparkle mehendi application Wooden block mehendi Demonstration of mehendi After care advice removal after drying Unit 3 Hair care S. Learning Theory Practical No. outcome 1. Basics of hair Introduction to haircare Identify the type of hair among care Effects of environmental factors and use of your family members or friends hair dryer Identify the texture of hair among Types of hair your family members or friends Features affecting hairstyling Anatomy of hair - basics Contra- indications Hair and scalp conditions and diseases Aftercare advice 2. Common hair Introduction to importance of hair styling Carryout hair styling on dummies dos Common hair styles Identify the type of hair styling as Hair accessories per the hair length and texture Styling products, tools and equipment Demonstration of hair dos using Physical effects of styling on hair structure different accessories (vi)  Contents Unit–I: Beauty and Wellness Industry and Beauty Therapy 1. Career Opportunities in the Beauty and Wellness Sector.......................................................................9 1.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................................................9 1.2 Beauty and Wellness Industry in INDIA..............................................................................................................9 1.3 Career Opportunities in the Beauty and Wellness Sector.............................................................................. 10 1.4 Emerging Unisex Service................................................................................................................................. 11 1.5 International Beauty Brands............................................................................................................................ 11 1.6 An Assistant Beauty Therapist’s Professional Path....................................................................................... 11 2. Beauty Therapy Services....................................................................................................................16 2.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 16 2.2 Different Services in Beauty Therapy.............................................................................................................. 16 3. Preparing and Maintaining Work Area.................................................................................................23 3.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 23 3.2 Maintaining Record Cards................................................................................................................................ 23 3.3 Essentials of the Work Area............................................................................................................................. 24 3.4 Sterilisation and Disinfection Methods........................................................................................................... 24 3.5 Equipment and Material used in a Beauty Salon............................................................................................ 24 3.6 Personal Presentation and Behaviour............................................................................................................. 25 3.7 Safe Disposal of Waste.................................................................................................................................... 25 3.8 Storage of Tools and Equipment..................................................................................................................... 26 3.9 Compliance of Rules and Norms..................................................................................................................... 26 3.10 Responsibilities of an Assistant Beauty Therapist....................................................................................... 26 4. Health and Safety in the Work Area....................................................................................................30 4.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 30 4.2 Fire Safety......................................................................................................................................................... 30 4.3 Electrical Safety................................................................................................................................................ 34 4.4 Chemical Safety................................................................................................................................................ 35 4.5 Posture, Lifting and Carrying........................................................................................................................... 38 4.6 Parlour Hygiene................................................................................................................................................ 39 Unit–II: Manicure, Pedicure and Mehendi Services 1. Anatomy of Nail, Hand and Feet.........................................................................................................47 1.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 47 1.2 Anatomy of the Nail, Hand and Feet................................................................................................................ 48 1.3 Skeletal System................................................................................................................................................ 48 1.4 Muscular System.............................................................................................................................................. 49 1.5 Structure of the Nail......................................................................................................................................... 50 2. Manicure............................................................................................................................................57 2.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 57 2.2 Preparing the Work Area.................................................................................................................................. 57 (vii)  2.3 Contra-indications............................................................................................................................................ 59 2.4 Identification of Nail Conditions...................................................................................................................... 62 2.5 Manicure Procedure......................................................................................................................................... 63 2.6 After Care Advice.............................................................................................................................................. 66 3. Pedicure.............................................................................................................................................72 3.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 72 3.2 Purpose of Pedicure......................................................................................................................................... 72 3.3 Contra-indications for Pedicure...................................................................................................................... 73 3.4 Pedicure Procedure.......................................................................................................................................... 73 3.5 Pedicure Massage............................................................................................................................................ 74 3.6 After Care Advice.............................................................................................................................................. 76 4. Henna or Mehendi..............................................................................................................................79 4.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 79 4.2 Mehendi Art on Hands and Legs..................................................................................................................... 79 4.3 Tools and Material Required............................................................................................................................ 79 4.4 Preparation....................................................................................................................................................... 80 4.5 Procedure.......................................................................................................................................................... 81 4.6 Sparkle Mehendi............................................................................................................................................... 81 4.7 Wooden Block Mehendi.................................................................................................................................... 81 4.8 After Care Advice.............................................................................................................................................. 81 Unit–III: Hair Care 1. Basics of Hair Care.............................................................................................................................86 1.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 86 1.2 Effects of Environmental Factors And use of Hair Dryer............................................................................... 86 1.3 Types of Hair..................................................................................................................................................... 87 1.4 Features Affecting Hairstyling......................................................................................................................... 87 1.5 Anatomy of Hair—Basics................................................................................................................................. 88 1.6 Contra-indications............................................................................................................................................ 90 1.7 Hair and Scalp Conditions, and Diseases....................................................................................................... 90 1.8 After Care Advice.............................................................................................................................................. 91 2. Common Hairdos...............................................................................................................................97 2.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 97 2.2 Common Hair Styles......................................................................................................................................... 97 2.3 Hair Accessories............................................................................................................................................. 101 2.4 Styling Products, Tools and Equipment........................................................................................................ 104 2.5 Physical Effects of Styling on Hair Structure............................................................................................... 105 Sample Practical Exercises................................................................................................................ 112 Sample Projects.................................................................................................................................117 (viii) Unit–I Beauty and Wellness Industry and Beauty Therapy 1 Career Opportunities in the Beauty and Wellness Sector Learning Outcomes 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Beauty and Wellness Industry in INDIA 1.3 Career Opportunities in the Beauty and Wellness Sector 1.4 Emerging Unisex Service 1.5 International Beauty Brands 1.6 An Assistant Beauty Therapist’s Professional Path 1.1 Introduction a significant contribution to the economic expansion of the nation and is steadily rising A person’s physical appearance is what draws to the position of a major employer, generating attention from others the most. As such, millions of job possibilities. The cause of this maintaining one’s appearance at all times is crucial. Here, it is the function of a beauty exponential rise is the changing lifestyles of therapist, who performs numerous procedures Indian consumers, globalization, and rising for beauty to enhance a person’s overall look, consumption. There is a tremendous demand which entails suitably attired clothing, putting for qualified staff, or beauty therapists, due to the ideal skin care regimen, haircut, and makeup. the beauty and wellness industry’s rapid growth and the entry of numerous small and large Additionally, she/he provides clients with enterprises in the field. wellness treatments like massages and pedicures, along with advice on after care, to help them Even though the beauty and wellness sector unwind. In order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, is relatively young in India, people’s awareness individuals may also be advised to follow a daily of their health and well-being is growing. The exercise routine and eat a balanced diet. increased desire among both men and women to feel good about themselves and look stylish 1.2 Beauty and Wellness Industry in is the fundamental reason behind the industry’s INDIA rise. Clients go to a salon to receive therapy and The beauty and wellness industry is a significant cosmetic procedures. As a result, a beauty salon one in India and is expanding quickly. It makes needs to give its clients a positive experience. 9  Specialized hair care is a highly successful 5. In an effort to increase marketability, more sector of the beauty business. Bridal cosmetics innovation is being put into products. is another industry that is growing quickly. In the past, a woman would often visit a salon 1.3 Career Opportunities in the before her wedding. But these days, the groom, Beauty and Wellness Sector his friends, and family also use these services, as The beauty and wellness sector has several sub- salons frequently provide special packages for segments. The major sub-segments are: this kind of customer. 1. Beauty centres 2. Hair salon 9000 Beauty and Wellness 8000 Counter Sale of Beauty Products 3713 3. Fitness 4. Slimming Fitness and Slimming 7000 2856 10419 5. Rejuvenation Rejuvenation 6000 8540 6. Product and counter sales In INR crores 2197 5000 1690 7000 1300 6251 39744 7. Alternative therapy 4000 33120 5124 3000 4200 25056 27600 1. Beauty salons or Beauty centres: A beauty 2000 20880 salon offers treatments for the skin, hair, 17400 22080 26494 nails, and other associated areas to enhance 1000 16704 18400 11600 13920 0 a person’s appearance overall. 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Beauty and Wellness Industry in India These services are offered to meet the needs of the clients. THE BUSINESS OF BEAUTY 2. Hair salons: These are specialty hair salons `41,224 crore `80,370 crore 20-30% offering services such as hair colouring, Estimated size of Projected size of Projected the beauty and the beauty and compounded annual shampooing, styling, haircuts, and scalp wellness market wellness industry growth rate in the treatments. Even some hairstylists offer in India in in India in organised beauty and 2012-13 2017-18 wellness sector skincare and nail services. `3.4 million 3&4. Fitness/Slimming: Services in the areas of Estimated 48% 4% physical training, yoga, aerobics, various workforce in beuaty and 48% Slimming Rejuvenation and fitness mind-body techniques, and slimming and wellness Beauty and weight loss are included. services wellness SEGMENTS OF 5. Rejuvenation: This covers the essential THE SECTOR services provided by the spa sector, like A snapshot of the beauty business in India operations, instruction, goods, and events. The following factors have contributed to the rise The industry mostly provides proactive of the beauty and wellness industry: services meant to calm the body and mind. 1. More people are purchasing cosmetics. 6. Product and counter sales: This entails a salon selling counter-sale beauty products, 2. As more people relocate to cities, they are such as toiletries and cosmetics, to clients spending more money on beauty services who have age-related health and appearance and goods. concerns. 3. The media exposes young people to 7. Alternative therapy: This section provides commercials, which heightens their need to clinical diagnosis and treatments under always seem well and presentable. alternative therapy. 4. A growing number of customers are Alternative therapy refers to a range requesting anti-aging goods and cosmetic of natural healing modalities that are procedures due to their fixation with having distinct from allopathic or pharmaceutical youthful-looking skin. 10 Beauty and Wellness–9  procedures as well as standard Western cosmetic brands that are available in India are medical treatments. This involves vibration MAC, L’Oréal Paris, Maybelline New York, etc. treatment, cupping, and crystal healing in In addition, Indian customers now have access addition to naturopathy. to a large variety of domestic and foreign beauty and grooming products, thanks to the growth of 1.4 Emerging Unisex Service online retail. Among the Indian cosmetic brands Men and women can access wellness and are Forest Essentials, Lakmé, Himalaya, VLCC, cosmetic services at unisex beauty salons. Such Biotique, Shahnaz Husain, and others. services are provided by numerous organized sectors, and unisex beauty and wellness centers 1.6 An Assistant Beauty Therapist’s are progressively becoming more and more Professional Path accepted in Indian society. The majority of assistant beauty therapists begin their careers in hair salons and beauty centres. 1.5 International Beauty Brands However, they are free to move into different A lot of multinational companies have entered sub-segments at any point in their career. The the Indian market as a result of the expanding growing interest in wellness and beauty is number of consumers in the beauty and wellness driving the industry’s growth outside of major industry. A few of the well-known foreign cities and metropolitan areas. Chief Executive Officer/ Chief Executive Officer/ Chief Operating Officer Chief Operating Officer Beauty and wellness Skincare Services Beauty and wellness Make-up Services Quality Assurer Internal Evaluator Quality Assurer Internal Evaluator Centre Head Salon Centre Head Master Salon Trainer Master Trainer Senior Prosthetic Make-up Trainer and Media Make-up Artist Beauty Aesthetician Skincare Manager Trainer Senior Theatre, Media Bridal Fashion Beauty Senior Beauty Beauty and and Advisor Therapist Therapist Special Effects Photographic Make-up Artist Make-up Artist Beauty Therapist Assistant Beauty Manicurist or Therapist Pedicurist Assistant Beauty Manicurist or Assistant Beauty Therapist Pedicurist Therapist Career path in skincare services Career path in make-up services Career Opportunities in the Beauty and Wellness Sector 11  Chief Executive Beauty and wellness Officer/Chief Quality Assurer Operating Officer Centre Head Master Nail Care Services Salon Trainer Internal Evaluator Nail Trainer Senior Nail Technician Nail Technician Nail Manicurist or Assistant Assistant Beauty Assistant Spa Technician Pedicurist Tattoo Artist Therapist Therapist Career path in nail care services Summary The Beauty and Wellness sector is a rapidly growing and vital industry in India, significantly contributing to economic growth and employment. Fueled by rising consumerism, globalization, and evolving lifestyles, it has become a major employer. The industry’s success is attributed to the increasing awareness of health and well-being, prompting individuals to seek beauty treatments and therapies. With a surge in demand for trained beauty therapists, both men and women are driven by a desire to look stylish and feel good about themselves. Specialized hair care and bridal make-up segments are flourishing, catering to a diverse clientele. The industry’s growth is propelled by factors like increased beauty product consumption, urbanization, media exposure, a fascination with youthful appearance, and continuous product innovation. The beauty and wellness sector encompasses various sub-segments, including beauty centers or salons, hair salons, product and counter sales, fitness and slimming, rejuvenation centers, alternate therapy centers, emerging unisex services, and international beauty brands. Beauty salons offer comprehensive services to enhance overall appearance, while hair salons specialize in hairstyling and related services. Product and counter sales involve selling beauty products addressing age-related concerns. Fitness and slimming include physical exercises, yoga, aerobics, and weight loss services. Rejuvenation centers focus on spa services for relaxation. Alternate therapy centers provide natural healing methods, and unisex beauty salons cater to both genders. The sector’s growth attracts international brands to the Indian market, offering diverse products, and Assistant Beauty Therapists can pursue varied career paths within this dynamic industry. The expanding awareness of beauty and wellness extends the industry’s reach beyond urban areas and metro cities. Glossary 1. Beauty Therapist : a professional in the beauty and wellness industry who performs various beauty treatments to enhance a person’s overall appearance, including make- up, skincare, hairstyle, and wellness treatments 12 Beauty and Wellness–9  2. Manicure : a beauty treatment for the hands and nails, typically involving shaping nails, cuticle treatment, and nail varnish application 3. Pedicure : a beauty treatment for the feet and toenails, including nail shaping, removal of hard skin, and foot and leg massage 4. Wellness Treatments : therapeutic procedures, such as massage, aimed at promoting relaxation and well-being 5. Bridal Make-up : make-up services specifically designed for brides, bridegrooms, friends, and relatives for special occasions like weddings 6. Fitness and Slimming : services related to physical exercises, yoga, aerobics, and weight loss 7. Rejuvenation Centers : facilities offering spa services and treatments for relaxing the body and mind Exercise CBSE Textbook Questions with Answers Check Your Progress II. Subjective Type Questions 1. Name the sub-segments of the beauty sector. I. Multiple Choice Questions Ans. The sub- segments of the beauty sector are: 1. What are the current beauty and wellness (i) Beauty centres (ii) Hair salon industry trends? (iii) Fitness (iv) Slimming (a) Changed consumer psyche (v) Rejuvenation (vi) Alternative therapy (vii) Product and counter sales (b) Emerging unisex salons 2. Describe different services in beauty therapy. (c) International beauty brands Ans. (i) Make-up (ii) Hairstyle (iii) Skincare (d) All of the above 3. Identify and list various beauty and wellness 2.............. centres offer pro-active services aimed sub-segments. at relaxing the body and mind. Ans. (i) Beauty centres or salons (a) Fitness and slimming (ii) Hair salons (iii) Product and counter sales (b) Alternate therapy (iv) Fitness and slimming (c) Rejuvenation (v) Rejuvenation centres (d) None of the above (vi) Alternate therapy centres Answers: 4. State career paths in the beauty industry. Ans. Career paths in the beauty industry are : 1. (d) All of the above (i) Skin services (ii) Nail care services 2. (c) Rejuvenation centres (iii) Make-up services Additional Questions with Answers I. Multiple Choice Questions 2. Pedicure involves the care and treatment of 1. What is the primary purpose of a manicure? which body parts? (a) Haircut (a) Face and neck (b) Foot massage (b) Feet and toenails (c) Hand and nail treatment (c) Hands and nails (d) Facial treatment (d) Hair and scalp Career Opportunities in the Beauty and Wellness Sector 13  3. What is the primary function of a beauty 9. Why is preparation important in beauty therapist? therapy? (a) Cooking (a) To increase costs (b) Enhancing overall appearance (b) To provide a safe and comfortable (c) Mechanical repair environment (d) Financial analysis (c) To discourage clients 4. Why has the beauty and wellness industry (d) To limit services experienced exponential growth in India? Answers: (a) Decreasing consumer awareness 1. (c) Hand and nail treatment (b) Limited product innovation 2. (b) Feet and toenails (c) Rising consumerism and changing lifestyles 3. (b) Enhancing overall appearance (d) Lack of employment opportunities 4. (c) Rising consumerism and changing lifestyles 5. In the beauty and wellness sector, what is the 5. (c) Attracting customers through online retail significance of international beauty brands? (a) Offering specialized hair care 6. (d) Beginning in beauty centers or salons and (b) Providing fitness and slimming services progressing in the industry (c) Attracting customers through online retail 7. (b) Degree to which a product or service can be (d) Increasing employment opportunities sold 6. What is the career path for an Assistant Beauty 8. (d) Alternate therapy centers Therapist typically? 9. (b) To provide a safe and comfortable (a) Starting in fitness and slimming and later environment moving to a salon II. Short Answer Type Questions (b) Entering directly into the international 1. Define alternative therapy in the beauty and beauty brand segment wellness sector. (c) Working exclusively in bridal make-up throughout the career Ans. Alternative therapy involves natural healing (d) Beginning in beauty centers or salons and methods distinct from traditional Western progressing in the industry medical treatments. Examples include naturopathy, crystal healing, cupping, and 7. What does the term marketability imply in the vibration therapy. beauty industry? (a) Rapid and significant growth 2. Where do most Assistant Beauty Therapists start their careers? (b) Degree to which a product or service can be sold Ans. Most Assistant Beauty Therapists start their (c) Counter sale of beauty products careers in beauty centers or salons, providing (d) Physical exercises and yoga for wellness a range of beauty treatments and services. 8. Which beauty and wellness sub-segment 3. What is the main function of a beauty therapist? involves clinical diagnosis and treatments Ans. To improve a person’s overall appearance under alternative therapy? through various beauty treatments. (a) Hair salons 4. What is the significance of international beauty (b) Rejuvenation centers brands in the industry? (c) Fitness and slimming Ans. They contribute to marketability and offer a (d) Alternate therapy centers wide range of beauty products. 14 Beauty and Wellness–9  5. What does marketability imply in the beauty 9. Why is preparation important in beauty industry? therapy? Ans. The degree to which a product or service can Ans. Preparation is essential to provide a safe and be sold. comfortable environment for clients, ensuring 6. What contributes to the growth of the beauty that materials, equipment, and the workspace and wellness sector in India? are clean and hygienic. Ans. Increasing awareness about health and well- being, coupled with a desire to look stylish. III. Long Answer Type Questions 7. Explain the role of fitness and slimming in the 1. Discuss the main systems of the human body beauty and wellness sector. and their relevance in beauty therapy. Ans. Fitness and slimming services include physical exercises, yoga, aerobics, and weight loss 2. Explain the factors contributing to the growth programs. These services aim to enhance of the Beauty and Wellness sector in India. overall well-being by promoting physical 3. Describe the steps involved in preparing and fitness and healthy living. maintaining the work area for beauty therapy. 8. What are the main factors contributing to the 4. Discuss the different career opportunities growth of the Beauty and Wellness sector in India? available in the Beauty and Wellness sector. Ans. Changing lifestyles, increased consumerism, 5. Discuss the career path for an Assistant Beauty exposure to advertisements, desire for beauty Therapist, highlighting potential transitions products and services, and an obsession with within the industry. youthful-looking skin.  Career Opportunities in the Beauty and Wellness Sector 15  2 Beauty Therapy Services Learning Outcomes 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Different Services in Beauty Therapy 2.1 Introduction 1. Manicure: Both men and women use this popular hand treatment to improve the way A broad range of services or activities from head their hands look. The majority of salons have to toe are included in the term “beauty therapy.” a dedicated space for this kind of service. Every service has a unique process that must be By pushing back cuticles, eliminating dead adhered to precisely to avoid muscle and skin skin cells, and softening the skin through issues including rashes, allergies, and infections, exfoliation, massage, and nail paint application, which can leave customers dissatisfied. A deep this treatment aids in maintaining clean, well- understanding of the goods, instruments, and groomed hands and nails. machinery to be utilized is necessary for each service. Making sure a client is not allergic to any beauty products is another important consideration. 2.2 Different Services in Beauty Therapy Here are a few beauty therapies and services generally provided by a salon: 1. Manicure 2. Pedicure 3. Threading 4. Waxing 5. Bleach 6. Face clean-up Manicure 7. Make-up 8. Hairdo A manicure has the following advantages: 9. Mehendi (Henna) (i) it softens hands; 16  (ii) it increases blood flow; (ii) Compared to waxing, it is safer and (iii) it promotes relaxation and it enhances considerably quicker. the look of nails and hands. (iii) Almost every type of skin, even 2. Pedicure: It aids in making toenails and feet sensitive skin, can use it. seem better. It also involves massaging and (iv) No chemical is used. exfoliating the toenails with a pumice stone (v) It makes the face and eyebrows appear before painting them. tidy and well-groomed. 4. Waxing: It is also a method of hair removal when hot wax is used to pull hair out from the root. The new hair takes three to six weeks to grow in. The pattern of a person’s hair growth determines this. There are two kinds of waxing: (i) strip waxing (ii) stripless waxing Strip waxing: A tiny layer of wax is applied to the skin during strip waxing, and then the Pedicure skin is covered It: with a cloth or a disposable paper (i) promotes blood circulation in the feet, strip that is (ii) softens the feet, dragged against (iii) shapes the toenails, the direction that (iv) enhances the appearance of the feet and the hair grows. toenails, Along with the wax, this also gets (v) eases sore feet, and rid of undesirable (vi) lessens hard, dead skin cells. (i) Strip Waxing hair. A client’s position, the way rough skin is Stripless waxing: A thick layer of wax is treated, and the massage technique are the applied during main distinctions between a manicure and stripless waxing; pedicure. no paper or cloth 3. Threading: Using a cotton thread, the entire strips are utilized. hair follicle is Wax hardens as it removed during cools, making it this hair removal easier to remove procedure. The unwanted hair. hair is pulled out Even the tiniest in a twisted hair is purportedly (ii) Stripless Waxing motion as a result removed, and it is of the thread less unpleasant. catching and 5. Bleach: The term “bleach” describes a pulling the hair. Threading bleaching substance that lightens the tone of Characteristics: the skin. Usually, it is applied to lighten the colour of facial hair. We call this procedure (i) Threading is a less painful procedure “bleaching.” than individual hair removal. Beauty Therapy Services 17  Typically, bleach is used for the following 7. Make-up: Applying make-up to improve things: one’s appearance is the task at hand. A variety of make-up tools are frequently employed, including lipstick, eyeliner, eye shadow, mascara, foundation, kohl, lip gloss, lip balm, concealer, and face powder. Make- up artists are regularly hired by the film and television industries, which includes theater and television media. As a result, these fields frequently have openings. Bleach (i) Lessening freckles and black patches; lightening dark areas underarms or on the elbows (ii) skin brightening (iii) lightening and reducing the visibility of facial hair 6. Face clean-up: Cleaning is done to let the skin breathe and to clear the clogged pores. It aids in clearing the skin of deep-seated dirt and dead cells. The skin is cleaned, exfoliated, and moisturised throughout the cleanup procedure. Unclogging allows the skin to breathe by unclogging the pores and decongesting it. It offers the following advantages: Make-up The following are the advantages of make- up: (i) Helps make a good first impression increases confidence (ii) covers up imperfections on the face (iii) shields the skin from pollution (iv) enhances the desired expression and appearance. 8. Hairdo: The method used to style hair is called a hairdo or hairstyle. It is well-liked by Face clean-up both sexes and is seen as a crucial component (i) gives the face a healthy sheen of personal grooming and style. A hairstyle (ii) completely cleanses the skin by is created by using combs, blow dryers, and eliminating bacteria, perspiration, and cosmetics like hair gel to arrange the hair in pollutants caused by the environment a specific way. “Hairdressing” is another term for hair styling, particularly when done (iii) prevents acne and pimples professionally. Adding items to the hair to (iv) enhances blood flow to the face. hold it in place and improve its appearance— 18 Beauty and Wellness–9  hairbands, clips, pins, barrettes, tiaras, etc.— colour and a cooling effect, it is an art form is known as hairstyling. to decorate the hands, including the palms, and legs, including the feet. For several days, mehendi remains on the skin. Most often, it is done during festive events like marriages, festivals, religious rituals, etc. Hairdo It offers the following advantages: (i) improves facial features and hair appearance, which boosts self- confidence (ii) well-groomed hair conveys a sense of being well-maintained Mehendi (Henna) (iii) aids in smoothing out unkempt hair. Henna leaves are used to make mehendi. In 9. Mehendi (Henna): Using a natural plant addition to its nourishing qualities, it is also dye that provides the skin a maroon-red used for hair colouring. Summary Beauty therapy encompasses various services like manicure, pedicure, threading, waxing, bleach, face clean-up, make-up, hairdo, and mehendi. Each service requires precise adherence to processes to avoid skin issues. Manicures soften hands, promote blood flow, and enhance nails. Pedicures benefit foot health, circulation, and appearance. Threading, a less painful hair removal method, suits various skin types. Waxing, involving strip and stripless methods, removes unwanted hair effectively. Bleaching lightens facial hair and addresses skin issues. Face clean-up clears pores, prevents acne, and gives a healthy sheen. Make-up enhances appearance and boosts confidence. Hairstyling improves facial features and overall grooming. Mehendi, using natural plant dye, from henna leaves decorates hands and feet. Each service contributes to personal grooming, promoting a sense of well-maintained and confident self. Glossary 1. Manicure : a beauty treatment aimed at improving the appearance of hands and nails through cleaning, shaping, and polishing 2. Pedicure : a beauty treatment focused on enhancing the appearance of feet and toenails, involving exfoliation, massage, and nail painting Beauty Therapy Services 19  3. Threading : a hair removal technique using a cotton thread to pull out hair follicles in a twisting motion, known for being less painful and suitable for various skin types 4. Waxing : a hair removal technique that involves pulling out hair from the root using hot wax, with variations like strip waxing and stripless waxing 5. Bleach : a bleaching agent used to lighten skin tone and reduce dark spots, freckles, or lighten facial hair for cosmetic purposes 6. Face Clean-up : a beauty treatment process that includes cleansing, exfoliating, and moisturizing to unclog pores, remove dead cells, and promote healthier skin 7. Make-up : the application of cosmetics to enhance one’s appearance, including products like lipstick, eyeliner, foundation, and mascara 8. Hairdo : a styled arrangement of hair using combs, blow-dryer, and hair care products, considered an essential aspect of personal grooming 9. Mehendi : an art of decorating hands and legs with designs using a natural plant dye from henna leaves, often applied during weddings and festivals 10. Strip Waxing : a type of waxing where a thin layer of wax is applied, and a cloth or paper strip is used to remove unwanted hair along with the wax 11. Stripless Waxing : a waxing method involving the application of a thick layer of wax without using a cloth or paper strip, considered less painful and effective for fine hair removal 12. Clean-up : a beauty treatment process to unclog skin pores, remove dead cells, and clean deep-seated dirt, promoting healthier and clearer skin 13. Grooming : practices related to personal hygiene and appearance, including activities like hair styling, skincare, and nail care 14. Cosmetics : products used for enhancing beauty and appearance, including make-up, skincare items, and hair care products 15. Exfoliation : the removal of dead skin cells from the skin’s surface, typically part of beauty treatments like face clean-up Exercise CBSE Textbook Questions with Answers Check Your Progress Answers: 1. (a) Manicure I. Multiple Choice Questions 2. (b) Threading 1........................ is a treatment for improving the appearance of hands and nails. 3. (d) Bleaching (a) Manicure (b) Pedicure II. Fill in the Blanks (c) Threading (d) Bleaching 1. Bleach refers to a....................... that helps to 2........................ is a treatment that helps in lighten the tone of the skin. improving the appearance of eyebrows. (a) Pedicure (b) Threading 2. In the process of clean-up, the skin is cleansed, (c) Manicure (d) Bleaching................ and................... 3........................ is a method which uses chemicals 3. The way of styling the hair is called.............. for lightening the skin tone. Ans. 1. bleaching agent (a) Waxing (b) Face clean-up 2. exfoliated, moisturised (c) Threading (d) Bleaching 3. hairdo/hairstyle 20 Beauty and Wellness–9 III. Subjective Type Questions  It makes the face and eyebrows appear tidy and well-groomed. l List the different services used in beauty therapy. (iv) Waxing: It is also a method of hair removal. (v) Bleaching: Ans. The different services used in beauty therapy  Lessening freckles and black patches; are: lightening dark areas underarms or on (i) Manicure (ii) Pedicure the elbows (iii) Threading (iv) Waxing  Skin brightening (v) Bleach (vi) Face clean-up  Lightening and reducing the visibility of (vii) Make-up (viii) Hairdo facial hair (ix) Mehendi (Henna) (vi) Face cleanup: 2. Describe the benefits of various beauty services.  gives the face a healthy sheen  completely cleanses the skin by Ans. The benefits of various beauty services are: (i) Manicure: The benefits of manicure are: eliminating bacteria, perspiration and  it softens hands pollutants caused by the environment  prevents acne and pimples  it increases blood flow  enhances blood flow to the face.  it promotes relaxation and it enhances the look of nails and hands. (vii) Make-up:  Helps make a good first impression; (ii) Pedicure: The benefits of pedicure are:  blood circulation in the feet increases confidence  covers up imperfections on the face  softens the feet  shields the skin from pollution  shapes the toenails  enhances the desired expression and  enhances the appearance of the feet and appearance. toenails (viii) Hairdo:  eases sore feet and  improves facial features and hair  lessens hard, dead skin cells. appearance, which boosts self-confidence (iii) Threading:  well-groomed hair conveys a sense of  Threading is a less painful procedure being well-maintained than individual hair removal  aids in smoothing out unkempt hair.  Compared to waxing, it is safer and (ix) Mehendi (Henna): considerably quicker  it is an art form to decorate the hands,  Almost every type of skin, even sensitive including the palms, and legs, including skin, can use it the feet  No chemical is used  it is also used for hair colouring. Additional Questions with Answers (a) Relaxing muscles I. Multiple Choice Questions (b) Unclogging pores and removing dead cells 1. Which beauty therapy involves applying (c) Nail improvement cosmetics to enhance one’s appearance? (d) Hair removal (a) Waxing (b) Threading 4. What is the primary purpose of a manicure? (c) Make-up (d) Bleaching (a) Hair removal (b) Foot care 2. What is the cooling effect of mehendi attributed (c) Hand and nail improvement to? (d) Facial treatment (a) Chemical dye (b) Henna leaves 5. Which hair removal technique uses a cotton (c) Hair gel (d) Bleaching agent thread? 3. What does a face clean-up procedure help (a) Waxing (b) Bleaching with? (c) Threading (a) Shaving Beauty Therapy Services 21  6. What is the main benefit of threading compared 3. What is the primary benefit of face clean-up? to waxing? Ans. Unclogging pores and removing dead cells. (a) Longer-lasting results 4. What is the cooling effect of mehendi attributed (b) Less painful and suitable for various skin to? types (c) Suitable for large areas of the body Ans. Henna leaves. (d) Provides exfoliation 5. What is the primary purpose of waxing? 7. What is the primary purpose of bleach in the Ans. Hair removal from the root. beauty industry? 6. What is the key ingredient in bleach used to (a) Skin exfoliation (b) Hair removal lighten facial hair? (c) Lightening skin tone and facial hair (d) Cleaning pores Ans. Bleaching agent. 8. What does a face clean-up procedure involve? 7. How does waxing differ from threading in (a) Unclogging pores and removing dead cells terms of hair removal? (b) Hair styling (c) Nail painting Ans. Waxing removes hair using hot wax, while (d) Threading threading uses a cotton thread. 9. Which of the following is NOT a cosmetic 8. How does face clean-up benefit the skin? product? Ans. It unclogs pores, removes dead cells, and cleans (a) Lipstick (b) Face clean-up deep-seated dirt, improving skin health. (c) Mascara (d) Foundation 10. What is the significance of mehendi in cultural 9. What is the primary benefit of a hairdo or applications? hairstyle? (a) Skin exfoliation Ans. Enhancing the appearance of the hair and face. (b) Hair conditioning 10. In beauty therapy, what does the term “bleach” (c) Decorating hands and legs during refer to? ceremonies Ans. A bleaching agent used to lighten the skin tone (d) Cleaning pores and facial hair. Answers: 1. (c) Make-up 11. How does threading compare to waxing in terms of pain level? 2. (b) Henna leaves 3. (b) Unclogging pores and removing dead cells Ans. Threading is generally considered less painful 4. (c) Hand and nail improvement than waxing. 5. (c) Threading III. Long Answer Type Questions 6. (b) Less painful and suitable for various skin 1. Compare and contrast threading and waxing types as hair removal techniques in beauty therapy. 7. (c) Lightening skin tone and facial hair Discuss their advantages and suitable skin 8. (a) Unclogging pores and removing dead cells types for each method. 9. (b) Face clean-up 2. Explain the process and benefits of the waxing 10. (c) Decorating hands and legs during ceremonies technique in hair removal. What are the differences between strip waxing and stripless II. Short Answer Type Questions waxing? 1. What is the primary purpose of a manicure? 3. Discuss the importance of a clean and tidy Ans. Improving the appearance of hands and nails. work area, including hygiene practices, in 2. What is threading used for in beauty therapy? ensuring a professional beauty therapy service. Ans. Hair removal.  22 Beauty and Wellness–9  3 Preparing and Maintaining Work Area Learning Outcomes 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Maintaining Record Cards 3.3 Essentials of the Work Area 3.4 Sterilisation and Disinfection Methods 3.5 Equipment and Material used in a Beauty Salon 3.6 Personal Presentation and Behaviour 3.7 Safe Disposal of Waste 3.8 Storage of Tools and Equipment 3.9 Compliance of Rules and Norms 3.10 Responsibilities of an Assistant Beauty Therapist 3.1 Introduction In the field of wellness and beauty, hygiene is crucial. As a result, the work space at a salon A salon needs to be maintained hygienic and needs to be kept tidy at all times and equipped tidy. Maintaining a proper temperature and with sufficient safety equipment. Before a sufficient illumination is necessary. It also needs client is seated and the procedure starts, the to adhere to the necessary safety precautions. space may be kept stocked with the tools and Without these essential amenities, a salon’s equipment required for the treatment. Waste services run the risk of being subpar, which needs to be disposed of right away following could harm its reputation and clientele. Clients each treatment. Tool cleaning and disinfection may even sue the salon in the event of an are required incident or catastrophe, ruining its reputation and revenue. 3.2 Maintaining Record Cards (i) (ii) A record card in beauty therapy is a crucial document containing information such as past treatments, booked treatments, and client history, including product preferences, skin type, and allergies. Before initiating a treatment, it is essential to refer to the record card, confirming The work area of a beauty salon details like the client’s name and address to ensure accuracy. 23 3.3 Essentials of the Work Area Regular changes of the cleaning agent are necessary during the disinfection procedure. A work area in beauty therapy, where multiple services are provided, should adhere to several 3. Sterilization is the process of using steam to considerations, including a clean and disinfected kill bacteria. An autoclave, a closed container environment, a hygienic treatment couch used for high-temperature and high-pressure or chair, towels, and aprons. It should also procedures, is utilized to accomplish this. feature adequate ventilation, proper lighting, Autoclaving is only suitable for metallic temperature control, and ample space for client instruments such as tweezers and scissors, movement and storage of belongings. Creating as well as some heat-resistant glassware. a quiet atmosphere with soft background music contributes to relaxation. The work area should be equipped with the necessary tools and products for procedures, organized in a treatment trolley. Additionally, keeping pens and client record cards, along with an ample supply of cotton and tissues, is essential. 3.4 Sterilisation and Disinfection Methods To avoid contamination and illness, tools and equipment should be cleaned, sterilized, and disinfected. To further prevent infection and contamination, clean towels, spray bottles, spatulas, etc. must be utilized. Sterilization of salon equipments 1. Cleaning only gets rid of dust and debris. 4. Sanitising also totally eliminates germs. It is carried out prior to disinfection and Heat and/or chemicals are used in the sterilizing. process. A couple of examples of chemical 2. Disinfection, which eliminates bacteria, sanitizers are 70% alcohol solution and viruses, and fungus, is the next stage. household bleach (4% chlorine). 3.5 Equipment and Material used in a Beauty Salon Metal Scrapper Cuticle Nipper Pumice Tweezers Comedone Extractor Stone Scissors Cuticle Cutter Cuticle Trimmer Facial Sponge Loofah Sponge Face Pack Brush Equipment and material used in a beauty salon 24 Beauty and Wellness–9 3.6 Personal Presentation and environment. It not only ensures the well- Behaviour being of salon personnel and customers but also contributes to maintaining a positive salon An Assistant Beauty Therapist plays a crucial role image. Effective waste disposal practices include in the professional image of a salon. To maintain immediately discarding disposable items such as a high standard of professionalism, she/he cotton, tissues, and wax strips in covered bins, should adhere to several guidelines, including sweeping the floor and disposing of waste hair wearing a clean and neat salon uniform, before starting another treatment, maintaining prioritizing personal hygiene, maintaining a a neat salon environment by organizing items tidy hairstyle, applying light make-up, ensuring after use, ensuring that bottle lids are securely fresh breath, keeping trimmed and clean nails, closed, utilizing waiting times during services for wearing minimal jewelry, opting for comfortable cleaning activities, cleaning and sterilizing tools and covered footwear, refraining from eating or after each service, performing cleaning activities drinking in the work area, speaking politely and quietly to avoid client inconvenience, following greeting clients, listening attentively, providing equipment usage and cleaning instructions for clients with information about treatment delays, longevity, ensuring workspace cleanliness after and consistently washing hands before starting every procedure, and changing sheets and towels any procedure. These practices contribute to in the work area after each treatment. These creating a positive and professional environment practices collectively contribute to a hygienic and in the salon. organized salon space. Sweeping of loor and disposal of waste hair must be done before another treatment starts Be polite to clients 3.7 Safe Disposal of Waste Safe disposal of waste is crucial to prevent contamination and infections in a salon Used wax strips need to be thrown in a covered bin Preparing and Maintaining Work Area 25  records, displaying licenses, ensuring hygiene, proper waste disposal, using approved disinfectants, and following safety measures. Full employee lists and police verification are mandatory, emphasizing legal and hygienic practices. 3.10 Responsibilities of an Assistant Beauty Therapist In the beauty and wellness industry, effective service plans are essential. This involves Keep used towels and linen in laundry basket questioning clients to identify contra-indications, 3.8 Storage of Tools and Equipment informing them of emergency procedures, estimating procedure times, and periodically Maintaining hygiene and safety in a salon updating waiting clients. Preparing clients, involves cleaning, disinfecting, and storing tools organizing tools, and maintaining hygiene are properly. Attention to safe storage of sharp tools, crucial. The therapist should sanitize hands, careful handling of electrical equipment, and ensure privacy, and select suitable products. proper sterilization is crucial. Post-treatment, skincare advice is provided, 3.9 Compliance of Rules and Norms and client satisfaction is assessed. Safety risks are reported, documentation is completed, Beauty salons in India and product wastage is minimized. Safe waste must comply with state disposal and addressing customer feedback regulations, registering are integral for a professional and customer- under the Shops centric approach. Minimize product wastage and Establishment by following storage instructions. Ensure Act within 30 days safe waste disposal and thank customers for of commencement. feedback. Address dissatisfaction promptly, Adherence involves Storage of tools and aiming for customer satisfaction and involving maintaining employee equipment the supervisor, if needed. Summary A well-maintained salon is essential for ensuring the success and reputation of beauty and wellness services. Hygiene, temperature control, and adequate lighting are crucial, along with compliance with safety measures. Record cards detailing past treatments, client history, and product information are vital. Sterilization and disinfection methods, including cleaning, are essential for preventing contamination. Personal presentation and behavior of salon staff are also significant. Safe waste disposal practices, proper tool storage, and compliance with industry norms are emphasized. Compliance with rules, regulations, and licensing requirements is necessary for salon operations, and maintaining client records and safety measures is crucial for a salon’s success. Assistant Beauty Therapists play a key role in suggesting suitable services, addressing client needs, and ensuring a safe and comfortable environment during procedures. Post-treatment care, documentation, and reporting are integral aspects of their responsibilities. 26 Beauty and Wellness–9  Glossary 1. Contamination : the presence of harmful substances or microorganisms, often referring to the introduction of impurities into a clean environment 2. Contra-indications : factors or conditions that make a particular treatment or product unsuitable for a client due to potential harm or adverse reactions 3. Autoclave : a closed container used for processes involving high temperatures and pressure, often used for sterilization in the salon industry 4. Sanitizing : the process of destroying or reducing the number of germs and bacteria on surfaces or objects 5. Contra-actions : adverse reactions or side effects that may occur as a result of a treatment or product application 6. Shops and Establishment Act : legislation that sets rules for the operation of commercial establishments, including beauty salons, covering aspects like working hours, leaves, and maintenance of records 7. Sustainability : practices that aim to minimize the environmental impact and promote long-term viability of resources 8. Ambiance : the atmosphere or mood created in a salon, often influenced by factors like lighting, decor, and music 9. Adverse Reactions : undesirable responses or effects that can occur after exposure to a treatment, product, or environment Exercise CBSE Textbook Questions with Answers Check Your Progress (b) direction to the salon (c) product information I. Multiple Choice Questions (d) All of the above 1. Which of the following is not a characteristic 5. After a treatment, the following things need to of a beauty therapist? be done: (a) Having knowledge about products (a) use clean towels (b) Polite behaviour (b) throw away disposables (c) Pleasing personal appearance (c) disinfect work tops and sterlise tools (d) Being in a hurry (d) All of the above 2. Sterilisation involves.................... 6. Which among the following is the right way of (a) wiping (b) disinfecting arranging tools and other materials? (c) steaming (d) All of the above (a) Set them up as per the requirement 3. The basic sanitation practices in a salon include (b) Keep them in a far-off room.................... (c) Place them randomly (a) ventilated room (b) safe drinking water (c) clean towels and gowns (d) Keep them in a bucket (d) All of the above 7. Good hand washing protects against........... 4. A client record card contains.................... (a) wound (b) illness (a) client’s information (c) roughness (d) hardness