Contemporary Canadian Marriage & Family Characteristics PDF

Contemporary Canadian Characteristics of Marriage and Family Two Foundational Concepts 1. Hyper-individuation Individuation = interests of individual placed above interests of community and state Hyper-individuation = intere...

Contemporary Canadian Characteristics of Marriage and Family Two Foundational Concepts 1. Hyper-individuation Individuation = interests of individual placed above interests of community and state Hyper-individuation = interests of individual placed above interests of marriage and family Two Foundational Concepts 1. Hyper-individuation Individuation = interests of individual placed above interests of community and state Hyper-individuation = interests of individual placed above interests of marriage and family 2. Hyper-sentimentalization = elevation of emotional considerations above all other concerns  Nine Major Trends of the 20th Century Trend #1 Free Trade in the Marriage Market 1. Endogamy/Exogamy 2. Homogamy 3. Recent Trends a) religious exogamy b) age homogamy 4. The Mating Gradient hypergamy vs hypogamy Trend #2 Serial Monogamy: Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage 1. Liberalization of Divorce Laws a) 1880-1968 b) 1968 Canadian Divorce Act c) 1985 Divorce Act Trend #2 Serial Monogamy: Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage 2. Higher Divorce Rates Trend #2 Serial Monogamy: Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage 2. Higher Divorce Rates 3. Remarriage Trend #3 Modifying Gender Roles: Words & Deeds 1. Acting Equal: Changes in the Law 2. Talking Equal: Decline of Blatant Sexism Examples: Personal Titles Married Female Names 3. Thinking Equal: Persistence of Sexist Attitudes Trend #4 Sexual Revolution: Freedom and Equality Shifts in Sexual Attitudes a) Victorian sexual repression b) sexual revolution c) sexual reaction Sexually Active in last 12 months: Ages 15 to 17 – 20.6% Ages 18 to 19 – 52.4% Ages 20 to 24 - 71.5% Statistics Canada, 2020 Trend #5 Family Violence Canada (Stats Canada, 2009, 2016) 55,000 children and youth (0-17) experienced physical or sexual victimization 31% victimized by member of own family 54% victimized by friend or acquaintance 15% victimized by a stranger All sexual and physical assaults 59% were parent perpetrators Trend #5 Family Violence Canada (Stats Canada, 2009, 2016) 55,000 children and youth (0-17) experienced physical or sexual victimization 31% victimized by member of own family 54% victimized by friend or acquaintance 15% victimized by a stranger All sexual and physical assaults 59% were parent perpetrators STATS CANADA, 2011 “Based on self-reported data from the Government of Canada General Social Science Survey, currently “44% of women who had ever been in an intimate partner relationship—or about 6.2 million women 15 years of age and older—reported experiencing some kind of psychological, physical, or sexual violence in the context of an intimate relationship in their lifetime (since the age of 15).” Adam Coter, “Intimate Partner Violence in Canada, 2018: An Overview,” Statistics Canada, (April 21, 2021): 5. While almost all of the research indicates male violence and female victims, there are also occasional male victims. This article assumes that reality, but it is important to acknowledge the general assumption that rates of abused adult males, and child abuse are even more under- reported than family violence rates. How can domestic violence advocates better serve Muslim women in shelter? “The rate of violent victimization among individuals who reported a religion other than Christianity was not significantly different when compared to Christians.” Stats Can, 2014 STATS CANADA, 2011 Trend #6 Unmarried Lifestyles: Choice and Chance 1. Not Married Trend #6 Unmarried Lifestyles: Choice and Chance 2. Declining Marriage Rates Trend #6 Unmarried Lifestyles: Choice and Chance 3. Living Together Unmarried: Cohabitation in 1981, 6.3% of all couples 2017, 21.3% of all couples https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily- quotidien/190501/dq190501b-eng.htm  Proportion of Couples which Cohabit Country Year As % of all couples Sweden 2000 30.0 % Norway 2000 24.5 Finland 2000 18.5 Mexico 2000 18.7 New Zealand 2001 18.3 France 1999 17.5 Canada 2001 16.0 Quebec 2001 29.8 Other provinces 2001 11.7 United States 2000 8.2 Source: Statistics Canada, 2002 Trend #6 Unmarried Lifestyles: Choice and Chance 4. Parenting - Household circumstances Trend #6 Unmarried Lifestyles: Choice and Chance 5. Same Sex Relationships Shifts to Marriage Trend #7 The Double Shift: Working Wives and Mothers 1. Housework 2. Parenting 3. Marital Satisfaction Trend #8 Baby Boom to Baby Bust: The Birth Control Revolution 1. Birth Rates Trend #8 Baby Boom to Baby Bust: The Birth Control Revolution 1. Birth Rates Trend #8 Baby Boom to Baby Bust: The Birth Control Revolution 2004 Fertility Rates, age 15-49 Turkey 2.43 births per woman United States 2.05 France 1.91 United Kingdom 1.76 Sweden 1.75 Canada 1.53 Germany 1.36 Italy 1.33 Japan 1.29 Russia 1.26 Korea 1.16 Trend #8 Baby Boom to Baby Bust: The Birth Control Revolution 1. Birth Rates 2. National Crisis? Trend #9 Seniors Boom: The Emergent Elderly Over 65 years of age 1900 = 5% 2000 = 13% 2050 = 26% Trend #8 + #9 Trend #8 + #9 Trend #1 Free Trade in the Marriage Market Trend #2 Serial Monogamy: Marriage, Divorce, Remarriage Trend #3 Modifying Gender Roles: Word & Deed Trend #4 Sexual Revolution: Freedom and Equality Trend #5 Family Violence Trend #6 Unmarried Lifestyles: Choice and Chance Trend #7 The Double Shift: Working Wives & Mothers Trend #8 Baby Boom to Baby Bust: The Birth Control Revolution Trend #9 Seniors Boom: The Emergent Elderly