Phonetics 5 PDF

NATURAL CLASSES — For example, if we want to define the natural class that includes [t], [d], and [n], we can list two features: — All three sounds are alveolar stops. — Now if we want to define the natural class that includes only [t] and [d], we need to be more specific in order to eliminate [n]....

NATURAL CLASSES — For example, if we want to define the natural class that includes [t], [d], and [n], we can list two features: — All three sounds are alveolar stops. — Now if we want to define the natural class that includes only [t] and [d], we need to be more specific in order to eliminate [n]. — What are the features that uniquely define [t] and [d]? 9 NATURAL CLASSES Let’s group these sounds into the natural classes they belong to. What feature(s) does each group have in common? voiced, oral stops (voiced) nasal stops fricatives voiceless voiceless fricatives 10 NATURAL CLASSES We can group vowels according to the natural classes they belong to, as well. What feature do these vowels have in common? [a] tense vowels front vowels high vowels back vowels 11 TRANSCRIPTION First, let’s try some reverse transcription (from IPA to English orthography). 1. [red] raid 5. [ræd] rad 2. [rid] read 6. [rud] rude 3. [rɪd] rid 7. [rod] road 4. [rɛd] red 8. [rad] rod 12 TRANSCRIPTION Let’s try some that are more complicated. 1. [ʃip] sheep 2. [ʧɪrp] chirp 3. [θru] through 13