Mechanical Ventilation, RAF (2) PDF

54MCQ What can be done to stabilize patient Oxygenation? A 73-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with increasing shortness of breath and cough over the past day. She has a history of COPD, CHF, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. On arrival, she is breathing rapidly at 34 breaths per...

54MCQ What can be done to stabilize patient Oxygenation? A 73-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with increasing shortness of breath and cough over the past day. She has a history of COPD, CHF, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. On arrival, she is breathing rapidly at 34 breaths per minutes and is using all her accessory muscles. Oxygen saturation 89% on 8L via nasal cannula. Vital Signs HR RR BP Temp 115 b/min 34 br/m 115/95 37.5 ABG shows severe respiratory acidosis Case study & I F Still not responding Oxygen saturation 89% on 8L via face mask. ABG shows severe respiratory acidosis Every urch.at BG What can be done to stabilize patient? Mechanical Ventilation Critical Care Nursing Team Objectives By the end of the lecture students should be able to Define of Mechanical ventilation (MV) Identify the indications of MV Discuss the relevant key physiological principles of MV list modes of MV and relevant ventilatory parameters Identify potential complications of MV Outline the relevant nursing care for patient on Mechanical Ventilator Mechanical Ventilation Mechanical Ventilation (MV) is ventilation of lungs by artificial means used to replace respiratory process A ventilator is a machine that delivers & controls flow of gas to a patient. replace Zway s complate Pilot ftp.ft.ftfffsmkiins theextra W win A breath fdifhf.fi A ventilator can deliver gas under positive pressure (by a blowing gas into the lung) or livingdestend kiddie Breath 16 feb By negative pressure exerted on chest wall (iron lung) (sucked into the lungs by stimulating movement of the chest). Goals of Mechanical Ventilation are to: 1) Maintain alveolar ventilation appropriate for patient’s metabolic needs. 2) Correct hypoxemia. 3) Maximize oxygen transport. Indications for MV MV is usually indicated when the lung is unable to maintain a patent airway, adequate gas exchange, or both. 1) Acute Respiratory Failure due to: Mechanical failure, includes inflammation neuromuscular diseases as Myasthenia Gravis, Guillain-Barré Syndrome, and Poliomyelitis. Musculoskeletal abnormalities, such as chest wall trauma (flail chest) Infectious diseases of the lung such as pneumonia, tuberculosis Is & & Indications for MV 2) Abnormalities of Pulmonary Gas Exchange as in: Obstructive lung disease in the form of asthma, chronic bronchitis or emphysema, pulmonary edema, atelectasis & pulmonary fibrosis. 3) Patients who has received General Anesthesia often require ventilatory support until they have recovered from the effects of the anesthesia. Criteria for Institution of Ventilatory Support Parameters & Ventilation indicated Normal range > 35 or > 6 10-20 Tidal volume (ml/kg body wt.)