Hist 100 (Readings in Philippine History) PDF

HIST 100 Readings in Philippine history Prepared by: Ms. Palaroan COURSE OUTLINE: Time Allotment Content The Meaning and Importance of History and Historical Sources · W’s of History Week 1 · Theories of Hist...

HIST 100 Readings in Philippine history Prepared by: Ms. Palaroan COURSE OUTLINE: Time Allotment Content The Meaning and Importance of History and Historical Sources · W’s of History Week 1 · Theories of History · Historical Sources · Historical Criticism Critical Evaluation and Promotion of Local and Oral History, Museums, Historical Shrines, Cultural Performances, Indigenous Practices, Religious rites, and rituals Week 2 – 3 · Filipino Cultural Heritage · Historic Sites and Landmarks Recognized by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) Content and Contextual Analysis of Selected Primary Sources and Identification of Historical Importance of the Text; and Examination of the Author’s Main Argument and Point of View · Content and Contextual Analysis Week 4-5 · Understanding Historical Perspectives · Examination of the Author’s Perspectives, Argument and/or Point of View · Identification of the Historical Importance of the Text · Assessment and Analysis of Sources COURSE OUTLINE: Suggested Readings: · Chronicle: Customs of the Tagalogs by Juan de Plasencia · First Voyage Around the World by Antonio Pigafetta · Memoirs: Kartilya ng Katipunan by Emilio Jacinto · Proclamation: The Act of Declaration of Philippine Independence · Paintings: Spolarium by Juan Luna and The Making of the Philippine Flag by Fernando Week 4 – 5 Amorsolo · Cartoons : Political Caricatures of the American Era (1900-1941) by Alfred McCoy and Alfredo Roces · Film : The Raiders of Sulu Sea (2008) · Speech : Speech before the Joint Session of the United States Congress (1986) by Corazon Aquino · Filipino Grievances Against Governor General Leonard Wood “One Past but Many Histories” : Controversies and Conflicting Views in Philippine History Suggested readings: · Butuan or Limasawa? The Site of the 1st Mass in the Philippines Week 6 · The Two Faces of the 1872 Cavite Mutiny · The Retraction Controversy of Rizal · Cry of the Revolution: Pugadlawin, Balintawak or Bahay Toro? MIDTERM EXAMINATION COURSE OUTLINE: Social, Political, Economic and Cultural Issues in Philippine History The Philippine Constitution · Overview: What is a Constitution? · The 1897 Constitution of the Biak na Bato · The 1899 Malolos Constitution (1899-1901) · The Acts of the United States Congress (1902-1934) · The 1935 Constitution (1935-1943; 1945-1973) Week 7 – 9 · The 1943 Constitution (1943-1945)COURSE OUTLINE: · The 1973 Constitution (1973-1986) · The 1986 Freedom Constitution (1986-1987) · The 1987 Constitution (1987-Present) a. Structure and Content b. State Policies c. Bill of Rights COURSE OUTLINE: Agrarian Reform Policies · Historical Development of Agrarian Reform in the Philippines Week 10 – 11 · RA 6657 or Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) · Updates on Agrarian Reform Programs Taxation in the Philippines · Concepts on Taxation · Brief History of Philippine Taxation Week 12 – 13 · Legal Bases of Philippine Taxation · Tax Reform Program · Train Law · Types of Taxation in the Philippines Other Issues in Philippine History · Government Peace Treaties with Muslim Filipinos Week 14 · Key Issues in Philippine Education · Issues in Philippine Geography Final Examination Course Orientation Class schedule Attendance (Face-to-face/ synchronous) Activities/ missed activities Excused absences Seat plan Classroom management Punctuality  HIST 100 (Readings in Philippine History) Contents: Meaning Why study history? What skills does a student of history develop? Theories of History W’s of History What are the different types of sources Repositories of primary sources Different kinds of primary sources INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CRITICISMS Content and contextual analysis of selected primary source What is history? the study of past events particularly in human affairs the whole series of past events connected with someone or something “historia”-“knowledge acquired through inquiry or investigation” Reference: https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ACYBGNSB1iZNfhXMVDV1klQhC5yo_8cQ xg%3A1569239403185&source=hp&ei=a7GIXcbSB8T6- Qay84CgDw&q=meaning+of+history&oq=meaning+of+history&gs_l=psy- ab.3..0i70i249j0l9.3831.10231..10993...3.0..0.260.2805.3j18j1......0....1..gws- wiz.....10..35i362i39j35i39j0i131j35i39i70i249j0i20i263.EWrVla9x7_I&ved=0ahU KEwiGtMOp8ObkAhVEfd4KHbI5APQQ4dUDCAY&uact=5 Theories of History 1. Cyclical View of History -stems from the histories of the Greeks. -The Greeks thought that events recurred on a regular basis. 2. Linear View of History -Implies the acceptance or subscription to linear time. -Views history is progressive, moving forward and not having a cyclical return. 3. The Great God View of History -Most primitive attempts to explain the origin and development of the world and man are the creation myths to be found among preliterate peoples. Theories of History 4. Great Man View of History -Suggests that dominant personalities determine the course of history. -Had numerous incarnations according to the values attached at different times by the different people to the various domains of social activity. 5. The Best People's View of History -Believes that some elite, the Best Races, the favored nation, and the ruling class alone make history Theories of History 6. Ideas or the Great Mind View of History -View of history is one in which the driving force in history is people’s ideas. -The conditions that create history are created or changed by ideas. 7. The Human Nature View of History -History has been determined by the qualities of human nature, good or bad. -Human nature, like nature itself, was regarded as rigid and unchanging from one generation to another. 8. Economic View of History -Sees economic factors as the most important determinant of history. The production and exchange of goods and services is the bases of all social structures and processes. -Foundation for the superstructure of culture and government. Theories of History 9. Gender History -Looks at the past from the perspective of gender. -Considers in what ways historical events and periodization impact women differently from men. 10.Post-modern View of History -Differs dramatically from that of all other worldviews. 11.Other Views of History -There are a number of other theories that attempt to explain history. -Some historians suggest that history is the result of geographic factors, and others suggest that wars determine history. -Others suggest that religion, race or climate determines the course of history. Why study history? History helps us understand People and Societies History helps us understand change and how the society we live in came to be History contributes to moral understanding History provides identity History is essential for good citizenship What skills does a student of history develop The ability to assess evidence The ability to assess conflicting interpretations Experience in assessing past examples of change Different Types of Sources Different types of sources Primary sources - original materials which other research is based üEXAMPLES: 1. DIARIES, JOURNALS, SPEECHES, AUTOBIOGRAPHIES AND WITNESS REPORTS 2. ORIGINAL HAND WRITTEN MANUSCRIPTS 3. GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS AND PUBLIC RECORDS 4. ART PHOTOGRAPHS, FILMS, MAPS, FICTION, AND MUSIC 5. ARTIFACTS, BUILDINGS, FURNITURE AND CLOTHING Different types of sources SECONDARY SOURCES- – THOSE THAT DESCRIBE OR ANALYZE PRIMARY SOURCES ü EXAMPLES: 1. INTERVIEWS, PICTURES, QOUTES OR GRAPHICS OF PRIMARY SOURCES 2. TEXTBOOKS, JOURNAL ARTICLES, HISTORIES, CRITICISM, COMMENTARIES, ENCYCLOPEDIAS TERTIARY SOURCES - THOSE USED TO ORGANIZE AND LOCATE SECONDARY AND PRIMARY ü EXAMPLES: ü DIRECTORIES, GUIDEBOOKS, MANUALS, HANDBOOKS, INDEXTING, AND ABSTRACTING SOURCES  Repository of Primary Sources Repositories of primary sources Repositories a place, building, or receptacle where things are or may be stored. 1. archive - is an accumulation of historical records or physical place they are located Ø The National Archives of the Philippines- is the home of about 60 million documents from the centuries of Spanish rule in the Philippines, the American and Japanese occupations, as well as the years of the Republic. It is also the final repository for the voluminous notarized documents of the country. Repositories of primary sources 2. library -is a collection of sources of information and similar resources, made accessible to a defined community for reference of borrowing. ØThe national library of the philippines-is the official national library of the Philippines. culturally significant buildings such as the Museum of Philippine Political History and the National Historical Commission. Like its neighbors, it is under the jurisdiction of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts(NCCA). Repositories of primary sources 3. museum -is an institution that cares for a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. ØThe national museum of the Philippines- Filipino: Pambansang Museo ng Pilipinas) is a government institution in the Philippines and serves as an educational, scientific and cultural institution in preserving the various permanent national collections featuring the ethnographic, anthropological, archaeological and visual artistry of the Philippines. Since 1998, the National Museum has been the regulatory and enforcement agency of the National Government. Repositories of primary sources 4. Historical society - is an organization dedicated to preserving, collecting, researching, and interpreting historical information or items. ØThe national historical commission of the Philippines- (Filipino: Pambansang Komisyong Pangkasaysayan ng Pilipinas, abbreviated NHCP) is a government agency of the Philippines. Its mission is "the promotion of Philippine history and cultural heritage through research, dissemination, conservation, sites management and heraldry works. Different kinds of primary sources 1. Published documents Written document Created for large audiences were distributed widely Examples: books, magazines, newspapers, etc. 2. Unpublished documents Written document Personal used only Few copies exist Examples: personal letters, diaries, journals, wills, deeds, etc. Different kinds of primary sources 3. Oral traditions/ oral histories Another way of learning from the past are from people with firsthand knowledge of historical events. Pass through tongue Existed even before the invention of writing 4. Visual documents and artifacts Includes photographs, films, painting, and other artwork Captures moment in time and can provide evidence of changes overtime  External and Internal Criticism EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL CRITICISM qEXTERNAL CRITICISM SOMETIMeS CALLED AS “LOWER CRITICISM” THE GENUINENESS OF THE DOCUMENT FORM AND APPEARANCE AND MORE PARTICULARLY TO QUESTION OF AUTHORSHIP AND TEXTUAL CIRCUMSTANCES SUCH AS TIME, PLACE, AND PURPOSE qINTERNAL Criticism Sometimes called as “higher criticism” The meaning and trustworthiness of the content of the documents Value and worth of its contents, its literal meaning and reliability of the statements themselves. QUESTIONS? Content and Contextual analysis of selected primary sources Guide Questions: What is the main idea of the document? (Content) Who was the author/creator? (Citation) What is the idea the author trying to convey? (Communication) What was happening when the document was written? (Context) What is your newly acquired knowledge? (Connection) How did it contribute to history? (Conclusion)