Our Solar System PP S2022 PDF

LESSON 1 OUR SOLAR SYSTEM TEXT p. 258–262, 314–318  Concept of Universe Group / Universe Supercluster cluster Galaxy Star  supercluster Group / cluster Galaxy Plane...

LESSON 1 OUR SOLAR SYSTEM TEXT p. 258–262, 314–318  Concept of Universe Group / Universe Supercluster cluster Galaxy Star  supercluster Group / cluster Galaxy Planet Star  Everything that physically Universe: ______________ exists: the entirety of space and time, and all forms of matter and energy. The Universe within 14 billion Light Years The Visible Universe Number of superclusters in the visible universe = 10 million http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/universe.html Supercluster: A gigantic cluster of 4 to 25 hundreds of groups or clusters that are ______________ millions __________ of light-years in size. Virgo Supercluster http://2011energy.alternate-healing-science-christian.ca/virgo_supercluster.html Group/cluster: Group or cluster can be as little as 20 to 30 galaxies, or as _______ ______ large as several thousand galaxies. (Clusters are more massive than groups) _________________ Galaxy: A collection of stars, planets, gas, and dust that is held together by gravity ________. Solar System: The ________ Sun with all the planets and _________________________ _________ other celestial objects (moons, comets, asteroids) that are held Sun’s gravity and _______ by the _________________ orbit around it.  Any object that exists Celestial Objects: ________________________ in space (not manmade) __________ Planet Moon Star Asteroid Galaxy Nebula Solar System Members  Solar System Members 1. Star (Sun): A hot ball of gases that gives off a large amount of energy 2. Planet: A large, round object that orbits around one or more stars. It is a celestial body that: § orbits a star § has enough mass so that its gravity pulls it into a round or spherical shape § clears other celestial objects out of its orbit  Solar System Members There are 8 planets: Inner planets Outer planets (Rocky Planets) (Gaseous Planets)  Solar System Members 3.Dwarf Planet A spherical or round object that orbits a star It is a celestial body that: ◦ orbits the sun. ◦ has enough mass to assume a nearly round shape. ◦ has not cleared the neighborhood around its orbit. ◦ is not a moon. E.g. Ceres / Pluto / Haumea / Makemake / Eris  Solar System Members 4. Small Solar-System Bodies (asteroids / comets / Kuiper Belt / Oort cloud…) comet asteroid  Asteroids (p. 262, 315) ◦ Left over from the ___________ formation of solar system Asteroid Belt ◦ Originated from _________________ between Mars and Jupiter ◦ ___________ Circular orbit around the sun (usually around the asteroid belt) Asteroids ◦ Made up of metals and rocky material ____________________ ◦ NO “asteroid’s tail” ◦ Have irregular shapes and different sizes ◦ Tell us the estimated age of the solar system Asteroids Asteroid Belt: A region of rocky debris that forms a ring all the way around the Sun, between Mars and Jupiter Meteoroids: (Pearson p. 318) space ◦ Pieces of rock moving through ___________ broken off ◦ Rocky chunks that have _____________ asteroids and planets Meteors - “shooting Star” hit Meteoroids that ______ the Earth’s burn up atmosphere, __________due friction to _________ with atmosphere Meteorites reach the ground Large meteors that __________ without totally burned up ____________ A student from the University of Khartoum, Sudan searches the desert terrain for meteorites. Credit: NASA Ames Research Center / SETI / Peter Jenniskens Meteorite Meteorite Meteor Hits Russia Feb 15, 2013 A crowd gathers near what is believed to be a chunk of the Chelyabinsk meteor, recovered from Chebarkul Lake. Photograph by Alexander Firsov, AP Comets Kuiper Belt or Oort ◦ Originated from _____________ Cloud ___________, elliptical and usually have ____________ orbit Comets ◦ Made up of ______________________ ice, dust and rocky material ◦ When it is close to the sun, the sun’s energy vaporize will _____________ the ice. ◦ The release of dust and gas create the “comet tail” ______________ Comets Comets Comet Comets Trans-Neptunian Objects: § Objects that circle the Sun beyond the orbit of Neptune § Located in the ______________ Kuiper Belt § Kuiper belt is composed of material left over formation of the solar system from the _____________ Kuiper Belt: A disc-shaped region of icy objects beyond the orbit of Neptune – billions of kilometers from our sun is made of material leftover from the formation of the solar system Oort Cloud: A spherical cloud of small icy fragments of edge of our solar debris at the very _________ system (1 ly from the Sun) Artist’s rendering of the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud, the distant icy realm of the solar system. Image via NASA