COMM01: Oral Communication in Context PDF

Basic Education Department Senior High School COMM01: Oral Communication in Context 1 The Nature, Elements, & Process of Communication Developed by:...

Basic Education Department Senior High School COMM01: Oral Communication in Context 1 The Nature, Elements, & Process of Communication Developed by: Lilia V. Ibo, LPT; Jemima Neriss Yerro, MA, LPT, RGC; Miguel P. Bolo Jr., LPT; Sievney Klyze G. Quidet, LPT The learner… Content Standards understands the nature and elements of oral communication in context Performance designs and performs effective controlled and uncontrolled oral communication Standards activities based on context. defines communication [EN11/12OC-Ia-1]; explains the nature and process of Learning communication [EN11/12OC-Ia-2]; explains why there is a breakdown in Competencies communication [EN11/12OC-Ia-5]. Intended Learning creates a graphic presentation contextualizing the elements and process of Outcome communication that happens in real life. Duration 180 minutes Lead-in: Don't yell at me! INSTRUCTIONS: In your columns, the class will play a modified version of the Whisper Challenge. 1 representative will be chosen for each column. The volunteer for that round will be shown a phrase by the instructor. The teacher will play music. Once the music starts, they must mouth it to their column. If the column guesses the word before the song ends, the column gets a point and will be given another word until the song ends. If the column cannot guess the word, the whole column needs to perform a Tiktok dance as a penalty. 1  Basic Education Department Senior High School What is Communication? Communication is systemic which means that it involves a group of interrelated parts that affect one another. In family communication, for instance, each member of the family is part of the system. In addition, the physical environment and the time of day are elements of the system. Communication is irreversible. This principle states that one should remember once you speak, you cannot take back what had been said. Because of this, you should always think before you speak on how this could affect you in the present as well as in the future. Communication is proactive. This means that you engage in communication with a goal in mind and you already anticipate responses from your listener/s. Communication is a symbolic interaction. This means that you want to communicate with someone in order to build or develop a relationship with him/her. In communication, meanings are individually construed. Different people may give different meanings out of what you have just said. That is why it is very important for us to ask a question or verify information. Through effective communication a speaker can make a difference in someone’s life. A good communicator is someone who can make the audience reflect on a communication situation and thus create a change for the betterment of humanity. Think about it. Have you ever felt upset by someone because of misunderstanding what was said in a conversation? What happened? Were you able to resolve it? 2  Basic Education Department Senior High School The Nature of Communication. Communication, as the term suggests, comes from the Latin word “communicare” which means “common.” Both the sender and the receiver should arrive at a common understanding of something. According to Cheney (2011), communication is a process of encoding and transmitting messages such as ideas, information, feelings, and emotions using different symbols from a sender to a receiver in order to achieve a desired goal. Once a receiver decodes the message, he then encodes feedback and transmits it back to the sender. For this cycle to continue, understanding between the sender and receiver has to be reached. Communication can be defined according to its form and use. Communication as a/an... The Process of Communication. Because all elements of communication play a vital role in the entire process, each of these elements has to be understood well to achieve successful communication. 3  Basic Education Department Senior High School The Elements of Communication. Let's break down the usual elements of communication together. The Sender. The sender is the initial source of information sometimes commonly referred to as the encoder. He has the ideas, information, emotions, or feelings that he intends to transmit to the receiver using different symbols. These symbols could be words in spoken or written form or pictures, graphs, signs, and even non- verbal cues such as a wink of an eye or pouting of a lip. Also, the sender decides on the purpose or goal for which the specific communication process intends to achieve. During the entire communication process, the sender switches roles from being an encoder to a decoder. The Receiver. The receiver is the target of communication. He is the reason why communication is created. He is the instrument from which the communication goals are realized and achieved. Therefore, it is important that the sender's message is able to get through to the receiver. The receiver initially decodes the message but could later on encode reactions or feedback. So, he also switches role from decoder to encoder as the communication process continues. The Message. A message is the heart of communication. It is a “signal, or a combination of signals that serve as a stimulus for a receiver” (DeVito, 1986:201). It is the sender's translated ideas, feelings, attitudes, or emotions in the form of signals or symbols. A message is classified into verbal and non-verbal. For verbal messages, these could be spoken, written, visual such as signs and symbols and electronic. On the other hand, non-verbal messages could be expressed through paralanguage such as hand and body gestures and facial expressions. (Remember paralanguage, this will appear later!) 4  Basic Education Department Senior High School The Channel. Also known as the medium, it is the means or the channel by which the message is sent through from the sender to the receiver. This can be the space between the sender and the receiver in a personal direct communication or the electronic gadget for distance communication (device- mediated communication). Feedback. It is a response the receiver gives to the sender to inform the latter if the message sent has gotten across effectively or not. Feedback makes the entire communication process meaningful. Through it, the sender may know if he is communicating or not. He may also know if effective communication has taken place. Indeed, feedback is a vital element in the communication loop for it is the basis of completion of the communication process or a start of a new communication cycle because feedback paves way to generation of new idea/s for discussion. Feedback can be both instantaneous and delayed depending on the time required by the receivers to think and compose their reply. However, if feedback is not received at all, oftentimes, senders get frustrated. For a parent not to get a quick reply from a son or daughter who is out partying with his/her friends at 11 p.m., this could mean a possible disciplining. For a girlfriend who has been waiting for a boyfriend's update, this could mean a threat to their relationship. Because feedback is equally important, it should be considered carefully and promptly before it is given back to the sender. Barrier. Also known as noise, it is anything that interferes with the transmission of the message by the sender to the receiver. As a result, the message is not properly received and understood. DeVito (1986: 209) provides three types of noise namely: physical noise (environmental barrier), psychological noise (mental/emotional barrier), physiological noise (physical weakness/sickness) and semantic noise (language barrier). 5  Basic Education Department Senior High School Activity 1.1: Hear the Ringing Siren INSTRUCTIONS: In your notebook, copy the table below and classify the following terms found in the box to be either a physical, psychological, physiological, or semantic noise. Place them in the correct column. honking of cars difficult words jargon anxiety stage fright mispronunciation child's cry headache erroneous grammar your messy hair personal biases interrupted signal during a call fast heart rate beliefs emergency siren Types of Noise Physical Psychological Physiological Semantic 6  Basic Education Department Senior High School Activity 1.2: Let's Rewind: Don't yell at me! INSTRUCTIONS: In context of the game we played at the beginning of the session, who is who in the communication process? On a ½ yellow paper, draw the communication process diagram with the names of the elements. One person will be chosen from the group to share and explain the elements in context of your group. Rubric: 4 3 2 1 0 Criteria Exceeds Meets Approaching Below No Standards Standards Standards Standards Submission Correctness of 10 8 6 4 0 Elements Explanation 10 8 6 4 0 TOTAL 20/20 7