English Phonetics & Phonology Lecture 1: Introduction PDF

12/5/2023 English Phonetics & Phonology Lecture 1: Introduction Department of English & American Studies, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University 1 Introduction 1. Organisation of the course 2. Phonetics and phonology as scholarly disciplines 3. Varieties...

12/5/2023 English Phonetics & Phonology Lecture 1: Introduction Department of English & American Studies, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University 1 Introduction 1. Organisation of the course 2. Phonetics and phonology as scholarly disciplines 3. Varieties of English pronunciation 4. The model: BBC Pronunciation 5. Articulatory phonetics: the speech organs/ articulators Department of English & American Studies, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University 1 2  12/5/2023 1. Organisation of the course find all the information you need about the course at the course website: Domov › Katedry › Katedra anglistiky a merikanistiky › Studium › Denne studium › Roman Licko › Phonetics & Phonology compulsory coursebook: Peter Roach: English Phonetics and Phonology, Cambridge, 4th edition WEBLINK Department of English & American Studies, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University 3 1. Organisation of the course additional (supplementary) resources: Peter Roach: English Phonetics and Phonology: Glossary (A Little Encyclopaedia of Phonetics) available at: https://www.peterroach.net/glossary.html OR: Domov › Katedry › Katedra anglistiky a merikanistiky › Studium › Denne studium › Roman Licko › Phonetics & Phonology › Additional sources Cambridge English Pronuncing dictionary, 18th Edition, Cambridge University Press WEBLINK Department of English & American Studies, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University 2 4  12/5/2023 2. Phonetics & phonology as scholarly disciplines VIDEO: German coastguard trainee (Berlitz ad) Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0MUsVcYhERY Department of English & American Studies, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University 5 2. Phonetics & phonology as scholarly disciplines ship calling out: coastguard perceiving: Department of English & American Studies, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University 3 6  12/5/2023 2. Phonetics & phonology as scholarly disciplines Phonetics: DEFINITION & BRANCHES ‘the scientific study of speech’ P. Roach 1. articulatory phonetics, 2. acoustic phonetics 3. auditory phonetics Phonology: DEFINITION ‘study of the organisation of speech sounds [phonemes] in languages; how speech sounds are organised in the mind and used to convey meaning’ All About Lingustics WEBLINK 7 2. Phonetics & phonology as scholarly disciplines phoneme: DEFINITION ‘fundamental unit of phonology’ P. Roach ‘the smallest unit which can make a difference in meaning’ R. L. Trask: Dict of Phonetics and Phonology minimal pair: DEFINITION ‘Two words of distinct meaning which exhibit different segments [sounds] at one point but identical segments at all other points’ P. Roach: Glossary Department of English & American Studies, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University 4 8  12/5/2023 2. Phonetics & phonology as scholarly disciplines EXCERCISE: Identify one member of a minimal pair EXAMPLE: 0. sinking sɪŋkɪŋ OR thinking θɪŋkɪŋ 1. hurt hɜːt OR heard hɜːd 2. bean biːn OR beam biːm 3. root ruːt OR rule ruːl 4. hard hɑː d OR hearth hɑːθ 5. cord kɔːd OR caught kɔː t 6. heart hɑːt OR halve hɑːv 7. bored bɔːd OR cord kɔːd 8. beef biːf OR biff bɪf 9. root ruːt OR rude ruːd 10. earn ɜːn OR awn ɔːn 9 3. Varieties of English pronunciation The difference between an accent and a dialect Variety in accents of English dependent on: 1. geography, 2. social class, 3. age, 4. education Geographical varieties: General American accent GA (Network English) British accents (e. g. northern and southern) Scottish accent Irish accent Australian accent 5 10  12/5/2023 4. The model: BBC Pronunciation ‘What’s in a name’? Received pronunciation (RP) means BBC Pronunciation/Accent Characteristics of RP in the past BBC English as a model for foreign learners of English today Estuary English Department of English & American Studies, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University 11 5. Articulatory phonetics: the speech organs/articulators Principal speech organs Source: http://www.italk2learn.eu/automatic-speech-recognition-childrens-speech-special/ 6 12  12/5/2023 5. Articulatory phonetics: the speech organs/articulators VIDEO: Human articulators in action Source: Department of Linguistics, University of Southern California https://sail.usc.edu/span/gallery.html (Life in L. A.) VIDEO: Vocal cords in action Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_ZGqn1tZn8 Department of English & American Studies, Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University 13 7