HCI Design 1 - Questionnaires PDF

Design Design for special needs 1 Design for all / universal design  What is universal design? Designing systems to be used by anyone under any conditions Why universal design? Remember that you are unique  How to apply universal design to any pr...

Design Design for special needs 1 Design for all / universal design  What is universal design? Designing systems to be used by anyone under any conditions Why universal design? Remember that you are unique  How to apply universal design to any product or environment 1- Multi-modal systems Multi-modal systems use more than one human input channel in the interaction – Different cultures & backgrounds – Append different languages – Speech – Touch – Handwriting – Gestures 3  How to apply universal design to any product or environment 2- Equitable Use The design is useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities. How to apply universal design to any product or environment 3-Low Physical Effort The design can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of fatigue. How to apply universal design to any product or environment 4- Size and Space for Approach and Use Appropriate size and space is provided for use, regardless of user’s body size or posture.  User interface design (UX/UI) What is user interface? – It is the space where interaction between user and machines occur – such as computers, home appliances, mobile devices, and other electronic devices. User Interface Design (UX/UI)  Step 1 : Understand UX design is the process of solving a problem for user so that they can achieve their goals easily. In order to do this, the first step is to understand the problem you would solve and the objectives of the organization as well. Outcome :- By the end of Step 1, you would get a good understanding of the Design Strategy and objectives of the Organization. This would guide you on how to carry on User Research.  Step 2 : Research User Experience (UX) research—serves many purposes throughout the design process. It not just helps us to get a clear picture of about users, but also answers key questions like what users think and why they do - what they do. Questionnaire Designing for a Survey  Types of Survey Questions There are about four different types of questionnaire designing for a 1. Cascade format 2. Matrix questions 3. Closed-ended questions 4. Open-ended questions.  1- Cascade format A question that is answered only if the respondent gives a particular response to a previous question. This avoids asking questions to people that do not apply to them.  2- Matrix Questions The questions are placed one under the other, forming a matrix with response categories along the top and a list of questions down the side. Example:. Behavioral approach system  3- Closed-ended Questions Respondents’ answers are limited to a fixed set of responses. Types of closed-ended – a. Yes/No questions – b. Multiple choice – c. Scaled questions  Types of closed-ended a. Yes/No questions— – The respondent answers the questions with a ‘yes’ or a ‘no’. Example: Have you ever visited a dentist?  Types of closed-ended b. Multiple choice— – The respondent has several options from which to choose. Example: How would you rate this product (i) Excellent (ii) Good (iii) Fair (iv) Poor  Types of closed-ended c. Scaled questions— Responses are graded on a continuum (example: Rate the appearance of the product on a scale from 1 to 10, with 10 being the most preferred appearance).  4- Open-ended Questions The respondent replies in their own words without being constrained by a fixed set of possible responses. —For example, ‘What is your opinion on questionnaires?’  What is an Interview ? The interview is a set of questions, sent to a targeted group of users, that probes their attitudes and preferences. Surveys can be a quick, easy, and inexpensive way to obtain data questions you ask.  Interview cont.'s The ideal interview takes place with two researchers and one user. – The first researcher focuses on asking questions and guiding the interview through the interview. – The second takes notes. If a second researcher is unavailable for this – then videoing or audio recording an interview can be a good way to record the information elicited. If the researcher asking questions takes notes – there’s a good chance that the interview will be derailed and become hard to manage.  What are the main parts of the interview? Introduction – – introduce yourself, explain the goals of the interview, ask to record……. Warm-up – – make first questions easy and non-threatening. Main body – – present questions in a logical order – Functional: What the system should do, memory size, response time, security,..... – Data: What kinds of data need to be stored? How will they be stored (e.g. database)? How will data gathering ? Closure – – thank interview; signal the end, e.g., switch recorder off.  Methods to Reach Target Respondents 1. Face-to-face interview 2. Telephonic interview 3. Internet questions  1. Face-to-face interview Merits: – High response rates can clarify questions if necessary, – control over respondent selection, can use longer, more – complex questionnaire and easier to motivate respondents. Demerits: – High costs, time-consuming, – requirements selecting and training interviewers,  2- Telephonic Interview Merits: – Good response rate, fast, control over respondent selection. Demerits: – Questions must be short and not complex, cannot – control interruption by others in household/office, hard to find  Online questionnaires What are the Advantages of What are the Problems with online questionnaires? online questionnaires? Responses are usually received Sampling size is unknown quickly No costs Preventing individuals from Data can be collected in responding more than once database for analysis poor control over Time required for data analysis respondent selection is reduced Errors can be corrected easily  Example questions Let’s say a bank’s design team is looking to redesign the bank’s online and mobile app, where users access their banking information, check their bank balances, make payments on their cards, etc. Before they start designing they want to confirm areas of improvement on the app. They start by asking customers what they think of the current bank app. Throughout the interview process they want to get the most honest answers while avoiding getting false validations.  Example 1: "What do you like about the current Banking App?" This is a bad question because it assumes a positive experience. A better question would be: "Tell me about your experience using your current Banking App." Example 2: "Was using the app for the first time easy?" This is bad because it's a yes or no question and is assumes a positive experience. A better question would be: "What were your impressions of the on-boarding experience within the app?" Example 3: "Would you rate the usability of the app as good? Why or why not?" Again, this assumes the customer has had a positive experience. A good alternative would be: "What would you rate the usability of the app? Why?" Example 4: "Do you use (x) feature?" This question asks the user something they can give a yes or no answer to, and is a funning the user. A better question to ask would be: "What features do you use the most on the app?" Example 5: "Was this feature confusing?" This example assumes a negative experience. Try something more open ended, like: "What does this feature mean to you?"  Outcome of research step By the end of Step 2, you would get lot of User insights. This information needs to be then analyzed in order to make a sense out of it and learn about key User issues.