Building Technology Introduction PDF

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Prepared by: Adrian R. Toisa  Intended Learning Outcome Define and Explain Building Technology. Recognize our human needs relating to buildings. Describe the materials and systems used in the application of modern methods of construction fo...

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Prepared by: Adrian R. Toisa  Intended Learning Outcome Define and Explain Building Technology. Recognize our human needs relating to buildings. Describe the materials and systems used in the application of modern methods of construction for the construction industry. Explain how waste is generated by conventional methods of construction. Explain the ways in which modern methods of construction can improve efficiency and sustainability in the construction industry. “When a doctor makes a mistake, he takes life of one person but if the architects, engineers or builders make a mistake, he takes lives of thousands at one time.”  Introduction Over the centuries, building materials has evolved between simple structures , high-tech and state-of-the- art buildings. Fig. Modern Bahay Kubo Design Fig. Old school Bahay Kubo  Introduction We hear a lot about high performance new technologies in building construction and materials but cannot properly prepare a construction documents for submittal.  Introduction Many new emerging innovative materials are still being invented and new materials are being researched. Knowledge in this area is very important for technical professionals like architects, engineers and builders.  What is Building Technology? Comes from 2 combined words Building and Technology. As defined by Webster; Building – The art or business of assembling materials into a structure. Technology – The practical application of knowledge especially in particular area. The knowledge of technical processes and methods of assembling things.  Building Insulation Building Insulation refers broadly to any object used as insulation for ay purpose. Majority of insulation in building is for thermal purposes. The term also applies to acoustic, fire and impact insulation (ex. Vibrations caused by industrial application) An insulation material shall be chosen for its ability to perform several of these functions at once.  Building Insulation Fig. Rigid Expanded Board Fig. Thermal Aluminum Bubble Foil Fig. Acoustic Insulation Fig. EIFS  Building Insulation Bulk Insulation Used mainly to prevent the transfer of heat through conduction and convection. Samples are; rockwool batts, glasswool batts, loose fill cellulose, polystyrene panels and polyester matting. Reflective Insulation Normally consists of layer of foil backed by paper or plastic. Protects against heat produced by radiation, bouncing the heat back. Samples are; foil faced blankets, foil faced boards and multi-cell foil products.  Building Protection Waterproofing The building is waterproofed with the use of membranes and coatings to protect contents as well as protecting structural integrity. Damp proofing Torch-applied bituminous waterproofing Another aspect of waterproofing. Masonry walls are built with a damp-proof course to prevent rising damp and the concrete in foundations needs to be damp- proofed. Asphalt damp proof membrane  Lighting Aspects of A Building Comprehensive lighting design requires consideration of functional light provided, the energy consumed as well as the aesthetic impact supplied by the lighting system. It is important that the sciences of light production and luminaire photometric are balanced with the artistic application of light as a medium in our built environment. Lighting design focuses on 3-fundamental aspects of the illumination of building spaces. 1) Aesthetic appeal 2) Ergonomic aspect 3) Energy efficiency  Acoustic Aspects of A Building Building acoustic is the complex science of controlling noise in buildings. Building acoustics are an important consideration in the design, operation and construction of most buildings, and can have a significant impact on health, communication and productivity.  Acoustic Aspects of A Building Building acoustics can be influenced by: 1) The geometry and volume of space 2) The sound absorption, transmission, and reflection characteristics of surfaces enclosing the space and within the space. 3) The sound absorption, transmission, and reflection characteristics of materials separating spaces. 4) The generation of sound inside and outside the space 5) Airborne sound 6) Impact noise  Construction Method Traditional type of materials: Bricks Timber Concrete  Construction Method Modern type of materials: Glass Plastics Prefabricated components  Modern Methods of Construction (MMC) Different type of MMC: Volumetric Construction (often referred to as modular construction)– Three dimensional units produced in a factory fitted out and dropped onto foundations to form a structure e.g. bathroom or kitchen pods. Panelized Construction – Units produced in a factory and assembled into a three dimensional structure on site e.g. concrete wall panels, structural insulated panels (SIPS), curtain wall etc. Hybrid Construction – Volumetric construction integrated with panelized construction e.g. kitchen pod as volumetric unit with the rest of the dwelling constructed using panels. Sub-assemblies and components – Larger components that can be incorporated into either conventionally built MMC structures e.g. prefabricated foundations, floor cassette systems, preassemble roof structures etc. Fig. Volumetric Construction sample Fig. Panelized Construction sample  Modern Methods of Construction (MMC) Benefits of MMC: 1) Quicker on site build time/ shorter programmes/ reduced preliminaries 2) Reduced waste and better waste management 3) Reduction in defects and increased quality control 4) Increased health safety 5) Social benefits and reduced local impacts 6) Greater efficiency in the use of resources and transport Conclusion/ Suggestion/ Recommendation Without the understanding of basic of Building Technology, we cannot demonstrate to our prospective clients the constructability of a design. A building is made up of interrelated systems and assemblies that work together to contribute in building’s proper function. The completed building may not be able to protect its occupants if these components were not carefully selected, specified, detailed and tested, with the designer taking into the account. From the start of the project –pre-design phase, we should consider the effects of the materials to be used in the building and also the materials to be used during the construction phase to minimize/mitigate the risks that may occur, to keep the safety of labors, to keep their good health condition, and to prevent illnesses, fatalities, and occupational injuries. Conclusion/ Suggestion/ Recommendation Construction industry should avoid materials or techniques/ methods that may cause damage in natural environment. Stop the use of natural materials with endangered species and should not endanger the people. However, working, leisure and living environment of the people and labors should be enhanced. During construction, the contractor must use a method that will consume minimum energy while generating minimum waste and use renewable energy source when possible. THANK YOU CREATURES FOR LISTENING!!!  References Introduction To Building Technology by Marilyne Andersen Brief Construction History by Istvan Vidovsky PhD Advance Construction Technology by Gemma Rice