Types of Communication (Week 1) PDF

# Types of Communication ## Communication - The word 'communication' is derived from Latin word 'communis', which means common. It is a process of exchange of facts, ideas, opinions and a means that individuals or organizations share the meaning and understanding with one another. ## Definitions...

# Types of Communication ## Communication - The word 'communication' is derived from Latin word 'communis', which means common. It is a process of exchange of facts, ideas, opinions and a means that individuals or organizations share the meaning and understanding with one another. ## Definitions of Communication - Communication is a process of sharing experience till it becomes a common possession. It modifies the disposition of both parties who partake it - John Dewey. - Communication is sharing of ideas and feelings in a mood of mutuality - Edgar Dale. - Communication is a means of persuasion to influence other so that desired effect is achieved - Aristotle. ## One Way VS Two Way Communication (Didactic Method VS Socratic Method) - An image of a woman sitting down with a man sitting down across from her. The man is holding a clipboard. ## Verbal Communication - Is an exchange of information using words including both the spoken and the written word. The most important aspects of verbal communication. - Language. - Pacing. - Intonation. - Clarity and Brevity. - Timing and relevance. ## Parts of Verbal Communication - An image of a flowchart. - The top of the flowchart is "Verbal". - Underneath "Verbal" is "Oral". - To the right of "Oral" is "Written". ## Oral Communication - Oral communication is the interchange of verbal messages between sender and receiver. - Oral communication can be termed as "Spoken communication which can be defined as communicating our thoughts through words". ## Forms of Oral Communication - Informal face to face talk. - Interviews. - Group Communication - Debate of Group Discussion. - Meeting. - Conferences. - Speeches and Presentations. ## Written Communication - Written communication is a creative activity that requires a lot of imagination and efforts to arrive at the finished product. - Written communication can be termed as "Transformation of information through in any written form like letters, notices, circulars, memos, reports etc". ## Forms of Written Communication - Letters. - Circulars. - Orders. - Reports. - Forms and questionnaires. - Manuals. - Newsletters. - Handbills. - Bulletin boards. - Books. ## Non-verbal Communication - Through signs & symbols. - Non-verbal can go without verbal communication. - Verbal can't go without non-verbal communication. ## Types of Non-verbal Communication - KINESICS (BODY LANGUAGE) - FACIAL EXPRESSION - HEAD - EYE GAZE - GESTURES - POSTURES - SHAPE OF BODY - PERSONAL APPEARANCE ADORNMENT. - HAPTICS (TOUCH LANGUAGE). - PROXEMICS, (SPACE LANGUAGE). - ARTIFACTS ENVIRONMENTAL - CHRONEMICS (TIME LANGUAGE) - SILENCE - SIGN - PARALANGUAGE\VOCALIC ## Facial Expression - Face is the index of mind. Think how much information can be conveyed with a smile or a frown. By facial expressions we can show or we can understand happiness, sadness, anger and fear and much more. - An image of 6 different expressions. ## Head - If someone move his/her head up & down it means he/she is agree with you or saying yes and it also means understanding and acknowledgement. Sideways movement of head means no or not understood. If a person bring his head down and looking his feet or earth it is the symbol of humility & modesty. ## Eye Gaze - Looking at another person can indicate a range of emotions like anger, grudge and danger, a dangerous look can tell you someone is unhappy and not comfortable with. - An image of 4 different eye gazes. ## Gestures & Postures. - An image of a woman giving a thumbs down, man giving a thumbs up, a woman giving a thumbs down, a man holding up his hand like a stop sign, a woman covering her mouth with her hand, and a man offering his hand for a handshake. ## Shape of Body - An image of a muscular man and an overweight man. ## Personal Appearance Adornment - Appearance can indicate our profession. - It shows your nature, interest and your taste. - It can also point out our religious and cultural values. - An image of 12 different men. ## Haptics (Touch Language) - An image of 4 different interactions. ## Proxemics (Space Language) - To communicate while keeping a distance is called proxemics. - The amount of distance we need and the amount of space we perceive as belonging to us is influenced by a number of factors including social norms, situational factors, personality characteristics and level of familiarity. - An image of intimate space, personal space, social space and public space. There is also an image of a crowd of people. ## Signs - An image of 46 signs. ## Features of Sign Language - Sign language is an art of communication with the use of pictures, drawings, sounds, etc.. - It is an expression of one's feelings through the use of symbols. - It requires just common sense and not any formal education for being understood. ## Aspects of Sign Language - An image of a tree with two branches: - Visual Signs. - Audio Signs. ## Visual Signs - Visual signs & symbols speak a universal language understood by people all over the world and are easy to grasp and remember. - It includes the use of posters, drawings, cartoon maps, diagrams, photographs. ## Audio Signs - Audio signs or signals have been used to send message since the early days of civilization. - It is also universal in nature as they are understood by people easily. - Audio signals include the use of drum beating, alarms, hooters, buzzers, whistles, bells, sirens. Etc. - An image of one man talking into a megaphone and another man listening. ## Artifacts Environmental Factors - APPROPRIATENESS. - CLIMATE. - MICROENVIRONMENTS. - SCENT (OLFACTICS). - COLOR. - LIGHTING. ## Chronemics (Time Language) - A call at 2 a.m. indicates some kind of emergency. - You reached in a party on time shows you are punctual. ## Silence - Allowing silence in a conversation puts pressure on the other person. - Silence can indicate hostility. - Silence can indicate disagreement. - Silence can indicate profoundness, such as horror. - Silence can indicate respect. - Silence can indicate contemplation. - Silence can be intentional rudeness. - Silence can be the creation of a listening space. - Silence can be an indication of empathy. ## Paralanguage/Vocalics - Attributes of speaking which include the pitch, the tone, the volume, tempo, rhythm, articulation resonance, nasality and even the accent of the speaker collectively known as paralanguage, we can understand mood and the situation by paralanguage expressions. ## Symbolic Communication - It involves the verbal and nonverbal symbolism to convey meaning. Art and music are forms of symbolic communication used by nurses to facilitate understanding and healing for patients. - An image of 4 men talking. ## Metacommunication - It is 'communication about communication' so that the deeper 'message within a message' can be uncovered and understood. When a patient tells the nurse that he is cool to undergo surgery with his body rigid and sharp voice, a nurse can interpret that he is anxious as evidenced by the body language. ## Written Communication - Another important form of communication is written communication. It is the best method when the communicator and the recipient are beyond oral communication media. ## Thank You - An image of "THANK YOU" with 4 smiley faces underneath it.