Types of Communication Overview

Types of Communication

• Communication is derived from the Latin word "communis", meaning common.
• It's a process of exchanging facts, ideas, opinions, fostering meaning and understanding between individuals or organizations.
• Communication is a process of sharing experiences until it becomes common knowledge, modifying the disposition of those involved. (John Dewey)
• Communication involves sharing ideas and feelings mutually. (Edgar Dale)
• Communication is a tool for persuasion, influencing others to achieve a desired outcome. (Aristotle)

One Way vs. Two Way Communication

• One-way communication (Didactic Method) is where information is conveyed, but not necessarily received or understood.
• Two-way communication (Socratic Method) facilitates a dialogue, allowing for interaction and understanding between participants.

Verbal Communication

• Verbal communication includes both spoken and written words.
• Key aspects are language, pacing, intonation, clarity, and relevance.
• Verbal communication has two forms: oral and written.

Oral Communication

• Oral communication is the exchange of verbal messages between a sender and a receiver.
• It includes a variety of formats including: informal conversations, interviews, debates, meetings, conferences, and speeches.

Written Communication

• Written communication is a creative activity requiring imagination and effort to craft a final product.
• Types of written communication include letters, circulars, orders, reports, questionnaires, manuals, newsletters, handbills, bulletin boards, and books.

Nonverbal Communication

• Nonverbal communication uses signs and symbols to convey meaning.
• Nonverbal communication can occur without verbal communication.
• Examples include:
• Kinematics (Body Language) including facial expression, head movements, eye gaze, gestures, postures, body shape and personal appearance
• Haptics (Touch Language)
• Proxemics (Space Language): This relates to how individuals use space and distance in their interactions.
• Artifacts/Environmental factors: This includes things like appropriate environments, climate, scent, color, and lighting.
• Chronemics (Time Language): This relates to how time and punctuality are viewed and used.
• Silence: How silence is used in communication.
• Paralanguage/Vocalics: The vocal aspects of speech that are not the words themselves, such as tone, pitch, and volume.

Specific Nonverbal Components

• Facial Expressions: A person's face can convey various emotions like happiness, sadness, fear, and anger, providing insights into the person's mental state.
• Head Movements: Head nods or shakes can signify agreement or disagreement. A lowered head can sometimes indicate humility.
• Eye Gaze: Looking at another evokes range of emotional responses including anger, distrust, or comfort.
• Gestures and Postures: Gestures and postures can convey meaning, like pointing, handshakes, and the way people sit.
• Body Shape: Physique and build may portray aspects of one's lifestyle and physical health.
• Personal Appearance: Dressing styles and grooming choices may indicate profession, taste, or cultural/religious values.

Symbolic Communication

• Symbolic communication utilizes verbal and nonverbal symbols to convey meaning.
• Examples include art and music, used to facilitate understanding and healing for patients.

Metacommunication

• Metacommunication is about communicating about communication.
• It helps uncover deeper messages in verbal and nonverbal cues.
• It's useful for understanding the nuances of a situation.

Written Communication (Further Explanation)

• A vital communication method, especially when communicators are geographically separated.

Signs

• Signs use visual and audio mediums as common communication tools across cultures.
• Including visual signs /symbols (posters, images, maps), and audio signs (drum sounds, alarms, sirens).

Explore the fundamental concepts of communication, including its definition, types, and importance. This quiz delves into one-way versus two-way communication, as well as the nuances of verbal communication. Enhance your understanding of how communication fosters meaning and influences others.