Year 8 Humanities Term 1 Revision Guide PDF

Humanities Term 1 Revision LO: To revise coasts for the midterm exam. Your exam will have 25 marks GEOGRAPHY 28 marks HISTORY Geography Term 1 exam revision LO: To revise coasts for the Term 1. Your exam will have 25 marks  Starter: Complete the definitions...

Humanities Term 1 Revision LO: To revise coasts for the midterm exam. Your exam will have 25 marks GEOGRAPHY 28 marks HISTORY Geography Term 1 exam revision LO: To revise coasts for the Term 1. Your exam will have 25 marks  Starter: Complete the definitions Key words: -Coasts: the land along the sea/ocean. -Fetch: -Storm Surge: A coastal flood of rising water caused by low pressure weather systems -Cave -Stack -Hard Engineering -Soft Engineering  Starter: Complete the definitions Key words: -Coasts: the land along the sea/ocean. -Fetch: The length/distance at which the wind blows for -Storm Surge: A coastal flood of rising water caused by low pressure weather systems -Cave : a hole in the cliff -Stack: A vertical block of cliff left behind after an arch collapses -Hard Engineering: building man made structures to protect the coast -Soft Engineering: using natural materials to reduce erosion along the coast.  Copy: Waves are caused by the wind dragging on the surface of the water. The length of water the wind blows over is called the fetch. Challenge: What will make the biggest waves? Copy diagram Copy: Waves are caused by the wind dragging on the surface of the water. The length of water the wind blows over is called the fetch. Challenge: What will make the biggest waves? The longer the fetch, the greater the wind speed and the longer the length of time that the wind blows for.  What Do You Think Has Happened Here? You have 3 minutes to bullet point a few ideas about what you think has happened here. What has caused this to happen? Extension: How might the fetch/wave size impact on this scenario? Solution TASK: Draw the table below, copy the definition and draw a diagram for each erosional process. Extension: How might these erosion processes affect people? Transportation: Longshore Drift After rocks and sand have been eroded, they are then transported by the waves further down the coastline. One way in which this happens is through longshore drift. (watch video). Transportation: Longshore Drift Word bank: Direction of travel Prevailing wind Swash/upwash Backwash at right angles to the beach How is this Stump created? Use the label a clue to help you. Discuss. Stack collapses leave a stump Watch video  Cracks & Caves Waves cause weaknesses to form cracks at the base of the headland through erosional processes such as hydraulic action and abrasion  Caves Over time the cracks become larger to form a cave  Arches The cave gets bigger and cracks appear above the cave to the top of the headland  Stacks The arch grows larger and eventually collapses leaving a stack separated from the mainland  Stump The stack erodes further and becomes a stump  Task: Draw the formation of a stump 1 2 3 Your diagrams should show: 1. Crack 2. Cave 3. Arch 4. Stack 5. Stump 5 4 Extension: Label your diagram with key words such as abrasion and explain what is happening  Spot the difference What has happened here? What processes have taken place? What does this tell us about the sea and the rock types?  Key words: Copy: Hard engineering - this involves building structures to protect the coast. Soft engineering - this involves working with nature by using natural materials or allowing nature to take back areas. Challenge: Can you think of different types of the engineering?  Task: Class these into either hard or soft engineering strategies and explain your answer Challenge: Explain how these would stop coastline erosion.  Task: Copy table and complete the name and diagram section Defence Type: Advantages Disadvantages Name and diagram - Protects the area behind the - Very expensive wall - Waves bounce off the wall and - Helps prevent flooding remove beach material - Can look ugly -Helps to stop longshore drift -May Create problems elsewhere moving material along the coast because they starve other beaches -Traps sediment and builds up of sediment. beaches - Adding more sand or shingle - Doesn’t last very long. widens the beach and waves lose power travelling across it. -Looks natural Humanities Term 1 Revision LO: To revise coasts for the Term 1 exam. Your exam will have 25 marks GEOGRAPHY 28 marks HISTORY Crown and jewels show wealth. Also, gold dress made of expensive cloth. Her crown also represents royalty Sceptre and orb show status and power This was an important portrait because Elizabeth was a young queen, coming into a role typically for a man. She had to show that she was in charge  Entertainment Entertainment in Tudor England was an important part of both court life and the public sphere. Banquets and feasts were popular events, especially among the wealthy, featuring lavish meals, music, and dancing. The theatre, with plays by Shakespeare and other playwrights, was also a major source of entertainment, drawing large crowds. The theatre helped to reflect the cultural and social values of the time. The performance of plays, combined with the splendor of court life, demonstrated the wealth and power of Tudor rulers, especially Queen Elizabeth I. Education in Tudor England In Tudor England, education varied greatly between social classes. Wealthy children were taught subjects such as Latin, religion, reading, and music, preparing them for roles in the church or at court. Quills were the main tool used for writing, as pens were not yet in widespread use. Books were expensive and difficult to find, and as a result, education was largely limited to the upper classes. Children from poorer families often had little access to education. For these children, the primary focus was on practical skills for work, rather than formal schooling. Monarchy in Tudor England The order of the Tudor monarchy began with Henry VIII, who famously broke away from the religon at the time. After his death in 1547, his young son Edward VI took the throne but ruled for only a short time due to his early death. Then it was Lady Jane who ruled for a matter of days before she was punished for Treason. Mary I, Henry’s daughter, followed Jane and became known as “Bloody Mary” for her persecution of Protestants. After her death, Elizabeth I, the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, became queen and led England through a period of stability and prosperity, famously defeating the Spanish Armada in 1588. Bloody Mary Mary I, known as "Bloody Mary," earned this nickname because of her violent persecution of her citizens during her reign. She executed those who refused to abandon her beliefs. Over 280 people were burned at the stake, causing fear and unrest. Her harsh policies created significant divisions within England, and she is often remembered for her intolerance and failed efforts to return England how she wanted it ruled. Key terms associated with Tudor England include quills, which were used by students and scribes to write on materials like vellum (a type of animal skin). Tudor entertainment included the theatre, where playwrights like Shakespeare captivated audiences with plays that often reflected political and social themes of the time. Spanish Armada was a fleet sent by Spain in 1588 to invade England, but it was defeated by Elizabeth’s navy. These terms highlight the key aspects of Tudor culture and politics. Key takeaways Monarchy Order: Henry VIII → Edward VI → Mary I → Elizabeth I Bloody Mary: Persecuted Protestants, earned the nickname “Bloody Mary.” Elizabethan Portraits: Used to show Elizabeth’s strength and maintain her royal image. Education & Entertainment: Education for the rich included Latin and religious studies, while entertainment included banquets and the theatre. Tudor Women: Women like Elizabeth I wielded power in a male-dominated society, and their portraits were carefully crafted to promote their authority. Revision Activity Activity 1: Keyword Flashcards Instructions: Create a set of flashcards with key terms on one side and definitions or explanations on the other. Examples: Quill – A writing instrument made from bird feathers used in Tudor England. Bloody Mary – Nickname for Mary I due to her persecution of Protestants. You should review these cards regularly, testing their memory. After a week, ask students to quiz each other or use online flashcard apps/ Activity 2 – timeline Instructions: Draw a timeline that includes the following monarchs: Henry VIII Edward VI Mary I Elizabeth I For each monarch, students should write down key events during their reign and important facts (e.g., Henry VIII: Elizabeth I: Defeat of the Spanish Armada). Students can use color coding for different events, such as foreign relations (e.g., the defeat of the Spanish Armada). You can use their timeline for quick review and study. Activity 3 Activity 3: Fill in the Gaps – Tudor Monarchy Worksheet Instructions: Create a worksheet with fill-in-the-gap sentences about the order of the monarchs and key events, for example: "After the death of Henry VIII, his son _________ became king." "Mary I is remembered for trying to restore _________ in England and for persecuting people with different beliefs." "Elizabeth I defeated the _________ in 1588." You can check the answers against the revision materials they have studied. Activity 4 design a poster on Tudor entertainment, showcasing activities like: Banquets and feasts Theatre and Shakespeare Music and dancing include illustrations (drawings or printouts) and key facts that explain the entertainment. They could include information such as: Who attended these events? Why were they important for Tudor society? What kinds of performances were popular? Other activities ( research, find your interests) Activity 8: Tudor Quiz (Peer Quiz or Self-Quiz) Objective: Test students’ knowledge of Tudor history in a fun, interactive way. Instructions: to create a quiz for themselves or their classmates based on the topics they’ve studied. They should create multiple choice questions, true/false questions, and short answer questions. Example question: True/False: Elizabeth I defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588. Short Answer: What was the main reason for the divorce of Catherine Parr? Activity 9: Tudor Family Tree Ask students to create a family tree of the Tudor monarchy, starting with Henry VII at the top. They should include the key monarchs: Henry VIII, his six wives, and his children: Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I. write brief descriptions of the key events or actions taken by each monarch.