Coastal Geography Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the distance over which wind blows on the surface of water?

  • Erosion Distance
  • Wave Height
  • Hard Engineering
  • Fetch (correct)
  • Which of the following defines a storm surge?

  • A scientific measurement of wave speed
  • A type of erosion process
  • A coastal flood caused by low pressure weather systems (correct)
  • An increase in water level due to high winds
  • In coastal geography, what characterizes soft engineering?

  • Using natural materials to reduce erosion (correct)
  • Erecting man-made structures
  • Dredging sand from the ocean floor
  • Construction of concrete barriers
  • What happens to the size of waves when the fetch increases?

    <p>Waves become larger (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a stack in coastal geography?

    <p>A vertical block of cliff left after an arch collapses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the custom of building man-made structures for coast protection?

    <p>Hard Engineering (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cave in the context of coastal geography?

    <p>A hole in the cliff (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor does NOT influence wave size in coastal regions?

    <p>Type of sea life present (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process primarily leads to the formation of cracks at the base of a headland?

    <p>Hydraulic action (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of features formed as a headland erodes?

    <p>Crack, Cave, Arch, Stack, Stump (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a stack after it is formed?

    <p>It collapses and transforms into a stump (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of engineering uses structures to protect the coast?

    <p>Hard engineering (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component contributes to the process of longshore drift?

    <p>Backwash at right angles to the beach (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a cave form in coastal environments?

    <p>From the enlarging of existing cracks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is NOT associated with the formation of an arch?

    <p>The cave entirely fills with sediment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does longshore drift have on sediment movement?

    <p>Sediment moves in a zigzag pattern along the coast (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of using a hard engineering strategy to combat coastline erosion?

    <p>It helps prevent flooding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of hard engineering methods for coastline protection?

    <p>They may starve other beaches of sediment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Tudor entertainment form played a significant role in social life during Queen Elizabeth I's reign?

    <p>Theatre performances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor greatly influenced education in Tudor England?

    <p>Social class (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a common feature of banquets and feasts in Tudor England?

    <p>Lavish meals with music and dancing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item in Elizabeth I's regalia symbolizes her royal status?

    <p>Crown (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant challenge that Elizabeth I faced as a young queen?

    <p>Proving her capability in a male-dominated role (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a typical writing tool used by children in Tudor England?

    <p>Quill (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who ruled briefly after Edward VI and was later punished for treason?

    <p>Lady Jane Grey (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary reason Mary I is often referred to as 'Bloody Mary'?

    <p>Her persecution of Protestants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event did Elizabeth I famously lead England through?

    <p>The defeat of the Spanish Armada (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a common form of education for wealthy children in Tudor England?

    <p>Religious studies and Latin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of writing instrument was commonly used in Tudor England?

    <p>Quill (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which monarch is known for crafting portraits to enhance her royal image?

    <p>Elizabeth I (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the most popular forms of entertainment during Tudor times?

    <p>The theater (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change did Charles I impose on England compared to Tudor monarchs?

    <p>A return to absolute monarchy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nickname for Mary I due to her persecution of Protestants?

    <p>Bloody Mary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which monarch is credited with the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588?

    <p>Elizabeth I (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major religious movement did Mary I attempt to restore in England?

    <p>Catholicism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which monarch preceded Elizabeth I?

    <p>Mary I (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activity is associated with Tudor entertainment?

    <p>Theatre and Shakespeare (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Henry VIII's first wife?

    <p>Catherine of Aragon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities was NOT a focus of Tudor society's entertainment?

    <p>Scientific Lectures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant challenge did Edward VI face during his reign?

    <p>Maintaining Protestant Reforms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Fetch

    The distance over which wind blows across the surface of a body of water.

    Storm Surge

    A coastal flood caused by a rise in sea level associated with low pressure weather systems.

    Cave

    A natural hollow or cavity in a cliff face, typically formed by wave erosion.

    Stack

    A tall isolated rock stack separated from the mainland, often formed by wave erosion.

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    Hard Engineering

    Methods using artificial structures to protect the coastline from erosion.

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    Soft Engineering

    Techniques using natural materials and processes to reduce erosion along the coast.

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    Coastal erosion

    The process of wearing away and transporting rock, sediment, and soil by the action of waves, currents, and tides.

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    Wave erosion

    The process by which waves break down and wear away rocks and cliffs.

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    Longshore Drift

    The movement of sediment (like sand and rocks) along a coastline, driven by waves that approach the shore at an angle.

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    Cracks & Caves

    The initial stage of coastal erosion where cracks form at the base of a headland due to forces like hydraulic action and abrasion.

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    Arches

    A natural bridge formed when the roof of a cave collapses, leaving a passageway.

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    Stump

    The final stage of coastal erosion where a stack is eroded down to a small, rocky platform.

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    Tudor England

    The period of English history marked by the rule of the Tudor monarchs, from Henry VII (1485) to Elizabeth I (1603). They are known for their impactful events, such as Henry VIII's break from the Roman Catholic Church, and the flourishing of English literature and arts.

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    Religious Persecution

    The process of harshly persecuting people for their religious beliefs. "Bloody Mary" earned her nickname because of her violent treatment of Protestants who did not convert to Catholicism.

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    Quill

    A writing instrument made from bird feathers, used in Tudor England for writing on materials like vellum (animal skin).

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    Tudor Theatre

    A popular form of entertainment in Tudor England, where playwrights like William Shakespeare wrote works exploring political and social themes.

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    Spanish Armada

    The Spanish fleet sent by King Philip II of Spain to invade England in 1588. It was famously defeated by the English navy under Queen Elizabeth I, securing England's dominance at sea.

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    Elizabethan Portrait

    A portrait made to reinforce the authority and power of a monarch. Elizabeth I's portraits often depicted her in rich clothing and with confident expressions.

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    Tudor Education

    A formal education system that focused on Latin, religious studies, and the classics. It was primarily reserved for the wealthy and elite.

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    Tudor Women

    The role of women during the Tudor period. Though a male-dominated society, women like Elizabeth I wielded significant power and influence.

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    Sea Wall

    A type of coastal protection that involves building a solid barrier along the coastline to prevent erosion. It is often made of concrete, stone, or wood.

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    Breakwater

    A structure built parallel to the shore, usually submerged in the water. It helps break the force of the waves before they reach the coastline, reducing erosion.

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    Beach Nourishment

    A type of coastal protection that involves adding sand or shingle to the beach to widen it and make it less susceptible to erosion.

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    Sand Dune

    A natural coastal feature formed by the accumulation of sand or shingle, running parallel to the coastline. It protects the land behind it from erosion.

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    Coastal Vegetation

    A type of coastal protection that involves planting vegetation along the coastline. The roots help bind the soil, stabilizing the coastline and reducing erosion.

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    Who was Mary I and why was she called "Bloody Mary"?

    Mary I, also known as "Bloody Mary", was the Queen of England from 1553 to 1558. She earned this nickname due to her harsh persecution of Protestants during her reign, as she aimed to restore Catholicism to England.

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    Who was Henry VIII?

    Henry VIII ruled England from 1509 to 1547. He is well-known for his six wives, initiating the English Reformation, and establishing the Church of England.

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    Who was Edward VI?

    Edward VI, the son of Henry VIII, ruled England from 1547 to 1553. He was a Protestant king during a period of religious change in England.

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    Who was Elizabeth I?

    Elizabeth I, the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, reigned as Queen of England from 1558 to 1603. She was a strong and popular ruler, leading England through a period of prosperity and international success, including the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588.

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    What was the Spanish Armada?

    The Spanish Armada, a fleet of Spanish ships, was defeated by the English navy in 1588. This decisive victory marked a significant moment in English history, establishing the nation as a major naval power.

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    Describe Tudor entertainment.

    Tudor entertainment encompassed a variety of activities enjoyed by the royalty and commoners alike. This included grand banquets and feasts, theatrical performances, music, and dancing.

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    Illustrate the Tudor family tree.

    Tudor family tree includes Henry VII at the top, followed by Henry VIII, his six wives, and their children, including Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I.

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    What are some significant events in Tudor history?

    Tudor monarchs are remembered for various significant events in English history - Henry VIII's break with the Roman Catholic Church, Edward VI's promotion of Protestantism, Mary I's attempt to restore Catholicism, and Elizabeth I's rise to power and the defeat of the Spanish Armada.

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    Study Notes

    Humanities Term 1 Revision

    • Learning Objective (LO): To revise coasts for the midterm exam.
    • Exam Structure:
      • 25 marks for Geography
      • 28 marks for History
    • Coasts: The land along the sea/ocean.
    • Fetch: The length/distance the wind blows over water, affecting wave size.
    • Storm Surge: A coastal flood caused by rising water resulting from low pressure weather systems.
    • Cave: A hole in a cliff face.
    • Stack: A vertical block of cliff remaining after an arch collapses.
    • Hard Engineering: Man-made structures built to protect coasts.
    • Soft Engineering: Using natural materials to mitigate coastal erosion.

    Coastal Processes

    • Waves: Caused by wind dragging on water, the fetch is the length of water affected by wind. Longer fetch and greater wind speed result in larger waves with more energy.
    • Erosion (wearing down):
      • Hydraulic action: Water forces into cracks, breaking rocks.
      • Abrasion/Corrasion: Rocks and other materials carried by waves wearing down cliffs.
      • Attrition: Rocks hitting each other and becoming smaller.
      • Solution: Water dissolving soluble materials from rocks.
    • Transportation: The movement of eroded material by waves. Longshore drift is one process whereby sediment is carried along the coast.
    • Deposition: Dropping of material in sheltered areas where wave energy is reduced.

    Formation of Coastal Features

    • Cracks & Caves: Waves cause weaknesses at the base of headlands, forming cracks that erode into caves.
    • Arches: Larger cracks and caves erode over time, leading to the formation of arches.
    • Stacks: The roof of an arch collapses, leaving a vertical rock stack.
    • Stumps: The stack erodes further, becoming a stump.

    Coastal Protection Strategies

    • Hard Engineering:
      • Sea Walls: Large structures built to prevent waves from reaching the land behind.
      • Groynes: Wooden or concrete structures built perpendicular to the coastline to trap sediment.
      • Rip Rap/Rock Armour: Large rocks placed along the shoreline to absorb wave energy.
      • Beach Nourishment: Adding sand or shingle to widen the beach and reduce wave power.
    • Soft Engineering:
      • Managed Retreat: Allowing the coast to erode naturally in some areas.

    Tudor England

    • Additional Topics*:

    • Entertainment: Banquets, theatre (Shakespeare), music, and dancing were important parts of Tudor life, often reflecting social and political values.

    • Education: In Tudor England, education varied by social class. Wealthy children often learned Latin, religion, reading, and music.

    • Tudor Monarchy: The order includes Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I. Important events include the religious break from the Catholic Church under Henry VIII, Mary I's persecution of Protestants, and Elizabeth I's defeat of the Spanish Armada.

    • Portraits: Portraits of Tudor rulers, like Elizabeth I, were used to showcase strength, power, and royal image.

    • Historical Figures: Important figures of the era.

    • Activities: Flashcards, timelines, and other activities can help with reviewing information.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on coastal geography with this quiz that covers key concepts like fetch, storm surges, and coastal engineering. Explore terms and definitions related to wave dynamics and coastal formations. Perfect for students studying geography and environmental sciences.

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