St. Stephen's College Form Three: Integrated Humanities Revision Exercise - China's Role in the World (PDF)

St. Stephen’s College Form Three: Integrated Humanities Topic 2: China’s step forward to the world Name: Class: ( ) Date: Marks: / 72 A. Positioning our country on the international scene today...

St. Stephen’s College Form Three: Integrated Humanities Topic 2: China’s step forward to the world Name: Class: ( ) Date: Marks: / 72 A. Positioning our country on the international scene today 1. The diplomatic strategy of “hiding your capacities and biding your time’ was put forward by Deng Xiaoping in response to the international situation in 1989. 2. In 21st century, China has to play a more active role in international affairs, such as voicing opinions and taking responsibilities, in face of globalisation. 3. United Nations (UN) - Established after the Second World War - Aim at maintaining world peace and security and promoting human progress - China is a founding member - China is a permanent member of its Security Council World Trade - The largest multilateral trade organisation in the world Organisation (WTO) - Formerly known as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) - Aim to help develop smooth, free and fair trade - China joined WTO in 2001  Boost the development of domestic economy of China Asia-Pacific Economic - An important economic cooperation forum in the Asia-pacific Cooperation (APEC) region - The external economy of China relies heavily on the Asia-Pacific region because a large portion of the Chinese foreign trade is conducted with members of the APEC Shanghai Cooperation - Established in 2001 Organisation (SCO) - The most populous and largest regional international organisation in the Eurasian continent - Integrates regional security, political, economic and cultural exchanges - The first international organisation established within the territory of China and named after a Chinese city  Association of - Formed by the Southeast Asian countries Southeast Asian - Aims to promote the economic development, social progress and Nations (ASEAN) cultural exchange - China ( is / is not) a member state  But China has conducted all-round cooperation with the ASEAN in the areas of politics, economy, public health, environmental protection, etc. European Union - China (is / is not ) a member state o Frequent cultural, educational, sports, scientific and technological exchanges - EU is the largest trading partner of China - China has turned into the largest import origin of the EU B. Perception of China’s step forward to the world by the international community 4. China Threat Theory - Can be divided into military threat and economic threat - Military Threat o China increases its military expenditure to research on and development all kinds of armaments, and carries out military exercise  China plans on military expansion o Some countries believe that China’s human spaceflight project and lunar exploration project are for military purposes  China is trying to establish hegemony in the outer space - Economic threat o The prices of Chinese exports are low  global deflation will be resulted o The demand of China for energy, resources and food will increase greatly  global inflation will be resulted 5. Theory of big power’s responsibility - Western countries regard China as a super power as it develops rapidly. They request China to take more responsibilities o E.g., Abide by the international treaties of environmental protection, reduce tariffs, allow Renminbi to appreciate etc C. Opportunities obtained by China with reference to foreign relations 6. China has established friendly and cooperative relationships with the major powers, the developing countries and the neighbouring countries. 7. The Chinese leaders pay frequent visit to different countries to strive for participation in international affairs and perform international responsibilities overseas. - E.g., The Chinese navy dispatched its fleets to carry out escort missions in the Gulf of Aden 8. China established mutual development through economic co-operation with developed countries 9. China established mutual development through economic assistance based on the principle of ‘equality and mutual assistance’ with developing countries 10. China cooperates with Africa, Central Asia and South America to develop the energy import markets 11. China has rich cultural resources. It has implemented the strategy of “going out”. It aims at introducing the Chinese culture to the world and enhancing the national soft power. D. Challenges faced by China with reference to foreign relations 12. China has limited power to represent and to speak up in international organisations since it is still constrained by the rule formulated by the West - China’s voting power in the International Monetary (IMF) is limited and ultimately decided by the Western countries 13. China has to bear much pressure from international opinions due to ideological differences when they are solving international affairs. 14. China hopes to build a harmonious world instead of hegemony through participation in the construction of the new in construction of the new international system. 15. The US and the EU imposed various trade restrictions on Chinese goods. 16. The defective products exported by China have become the subject of foreign news. The Western society does not trust the ‘made in China’ label. This poses a creditability crisis to China. 17. China enterprises have encountered setbacks again and again when they make foreign investment. Some foreign investment failed due to suspicion of the Western powers.