Year 10 Revision Lesson for Paper 2 (1) PDF

C/W Thursday, 09 January 2025 Mid-year Revision RoPE: 1. India is located in s_________ A_____. 2. India has a high population of…. Elderly dependents Economically active people 3. True or False: India has a medium l...

C/W Thursday, 09 January 2025 Mid-year Revision RoPE: 1. India is located in s_________ A_____. 2. India has a high population of…. Elderly dependents Economically active people 3. True or False: India has a medium level of development (HDI=0.64). Geochallenge: India was a British colony until what year? C/W Thursday, 09 January 2025 Mid-year Revision RoPE: 1. India is located in south-east Asia. 2. India has a high population of…. Economically active people 3. True: India has a medium level of development (HDI=0.64). Geochallenge: India was a British colony until 1947. Topic 4: The UKs evolving physical landscape Rock Characteristics Examples Type Formed from sediments that have been eroded and deposited by rivers The Rock Cycle or the sea. Sedimentary rocks contain Sedimentary layers. The oldest layers are at the bottom and the youngest layers are at the top. The older the rock is more resistant as it has been compacted. Sedimentary rocks may contain fossils Rock type 3 of animals and plants Metamorphic Sedimentary rocks that were heated and compressed during volcanic activity. Heating and compression Rock Type 1 makes them more resistant. These are the earth’s oldest rocks. They are formed from lava and magma Rock Type 2 Igneous (volcanic activity).They were once molten and then cooled and crystallised. Most igneous rocks are resistant to erosion. 1: Which of the following is not a rock type? Metamorphic Sedimentary Obsidian Igneous 2: Which Rock type is the oldest? Igneous 3: What type of rock does sediment turn into once it is compacted? Sedimentary 4: Which of the following two processes create sediment? Compression Cooling Weathering Crystallisation Erosion Compaction 5: Metamorphic rock is created from sedimentary or igneous rock which is placed under extreme P______ Pressure or h_____ heat 6: Which type of rock is associated with volcanic activity? Igneous Topic 4: The UKs evolving physical landscape 3 factors influence the physical landscapes of the UK These factors are. Geology: The study of rocks, their characteristics, formation and distribution. Glaciation: The process involving the earths surface being covered by glaciers and ice sheets. Tectonic Processes: The forces or conditions within the earth that cause movements of the crust. A: Geology B: Glaciation C: Tectonic Activity During the last ice age Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales and North England used to be covered in Ice. Upland Areas of the UK comprise mostly of Metamorphic rock which is resistant to erosion In the highlands in the north of the UK the glaciers (frozen rivers) carved out U-shaped valleys in the river basins. North of Scotland used to be on a Collison plate boundary therefore creating fold mountains. Volcanic eruptions happened in the past and erupted magma cooled to form areas of igneous rock. The South-East of the UK is made from sedimentary rock which is weathered and eroded easily therefore forming lowland landscapes. This is a relief map of the UK. It shows the height of the land. Height is measured in metres above sea level. The red/ orange areas of the map show the upland areas – Areas of high elevation. Lots of steep hills and mountains. These areas are usually sparsely populated. The green areas of the map show the lowland areas – Areas of low elevation. Lots of flat land close to sea level. These areas are usually densely populated. What type of map is this? A: Geology map B: Relief map C: Political map What does ‘Relief’ mean in geography? A: Height of land B: Shape of Land C: Size of land Where are most the UK upland areas? A: West and South B: East C: North and West D: West Which UK country has the largest concentration of lowland? A: Scotland B: England C: Wales D: Northern Ireland Which 2 words are associated with lowland areas ? A: Flat B: Steep C: High D: Close to sea level Which 2 words are associated with Upland areas? A: High Elevation B: close to sea level C: Mountains D: Flat What are the Pennine mountains an example of? A: Upland Area B: Lowland Area What type of area is London located in? A: An upland Area B: A Lowland area What type of area is likely to be more densely populated? A: An upland Area B: A Lowland area Topic 4: The UKs evolving physical landscape Key Processes: Weathering- Weathering refers to the breaking down or weakening of rocks by the conditions in their environment. Erosion- The gradual wearing away of land surface materials, especially rocks, sediments, and soils, by the action of water, wind, or ice. Mass Movement- Mass movement is the large scale movement of soil and rock down slopes in response to gravity, or the rapid or gradual sinking of the Earth’s ground surface in a vertical direction. Weathering Erosion Mass Movement Physical Sliding e.g. Freeze Thaw Chemical Slumping Transportation Biological Rock falls Topic 4: The UKs evolving physical landscape How does a river change from source to mouth? Rivers Change with distance Characteristic Definition from source The volume and speed of A Discharge water at a particular Increase point in a river F B The distance from one Width Increase C river bank to the other The distance from river Depth bed to the surface of the Increase D water The speed of the flowing Velocity Increase E water How much sediment the Load Quantity Increase river is transporting Load Particle How big or small the Decrease Size transported sediment is How rough or smooth Channel Bed the bottom of the river Decrease Roughness channel is The angle of the river Gradient channel Decrease How can you What type of measure the hazard is this depth of the image water form showing? this image? Suggest 2 Why is the causes of the water brown? Suggest hazard? potential impacts on human activity?  Human and Physical Causes of Flooding Prolonged rainfall is a ________ cause of river flooding. Precipitation is i___________ into the ground where surfaces are p_________. The ground becomes s__________ meaning it cannot absorb any more water. This increase the amount of s_________ r_____ in the drainage basin. This results in water returning more r______ to the river channel. The river channel fills up reaching b_______ d________. This can result in a flood.  Human and Physical Causes of Flooding Model Explanation: Prolonged rainfall is a physical cause of river flooding. Precipitation is infiltrated into the ground where surfaces are permeable. The ground becomes saturated meaning it cannot absorb any more water. This increase the amount of surface runoff in the drainage basin. This results in water returning more rapidly to the river channel. The river channel fills up reaching bankfull discharge. This can result in a flood. Topic 4: The UKs evolving physical landscape Coasts Holderness Coast Video - Erosion and management