Community-Based Nursing Practice PDF

3/11/2024 Potter and Perry Chapter 3 Community-Based Nursing Practice Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 Key Terms Community Based nursing center (page 37) Community Based nursing (page 36) Community health nursing (page 36) Community oriented nursing (page 36) Health Disparities...

3/11/2024 Potter and Perry Chapter 3 Community-Based Nursing Practice Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 Key Terms Community Based nursing center (page 37) Community Based nursing (page 36) Community health nursing (page 36) Community oriented nursing (page 36) Health Disparities (page 36) of Populations (page 36) collectionindividualswhonaneaneorm.ir Public health nursing (page 36) Social determinants of health (page 36) to Vulnerable populations (page 37) Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2 2 imneai.collabvutewitncommity Community-Based Health Care Assessment nameprobum community Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. feneresumestorem COLLABORATIVE, PATIENT-CENTERED APPROACH TO PROVIDE CULTURALLY APPROPRIATE HEALTH CARE WITHIN A COMMUNITY A HEALTHY COMMUNITY INCLUDES ELEMENTS THAT MAINTAIN A HIGH QUALITY OF LIFE AND PRODUCTIVITY SUCH AS ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES, PREVENTIVE CARE, NUTRITION, SAFETY, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, ORAL HEALTH, AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY. THE FOCUS OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND DISEASE PREVENTION CONTINUES TO BE ESSENTIAL FOR THE HOLISTIC PRACTICE OF PROFESSIONAL NURSING. www.renren.int infinity 3 3 1 3/11/2024 Community-Based Health Care  A model of care to reach all in a community  Focuses on primary rather than institutional acute care; includes health promotion people out hospital of keep   Occurs outside of traditional health care facilities Provides services for acute and chronic conditions maintain andrecognizesymptoms Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 4 4 Community-Based Health Care Public health problems influenced by: individuation Political policy Social determinants of health Increases in unwinnable health disparities Economics iii 5 Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. EE 5 namnamn EE Iinius.mnsigmnaguantinuacce.sisoxwaurumyrami Achieving Healthy Populations and Communities (1 of 3)  Healthy People Initiative (by USDHHS)   Healthy People 2030  218 Establishes ongoing health care goals for the U.S population Goals are to increase life expectancy and quality of life, attain health literacy, achieve health equity and eliminate health disparities through improved delivery of health care services. disparities health Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. yardmethubstance 6 6 2 3/11/2024 Achieving Healthy Populations and Communities (2 of 3)  Components of improved health care Assessment of health care needs  Policy  Access to care  Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 7 7 Case Study (1 of 5)   Kim Callahan is a student in a community health nursing course. She is working in a community nursing service within a large city. Most of the patients in this agency are Bosnian immigrants. A major care initiative in this agency is to provide well-child examinations and immunizations to get children ready to enter the public school system. Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 8 8 Social Determinants of Health Biological genetic age Socioeconomic Psychosocial Behavioral a.in iiiseaeiainnt whearetuylivingenviament Social factors Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 9 9 3 3/11/2024 Health Disparities tfftiteiniisnieninias IEEE.IE Negatively affect groups of people who have systematically experienced social or economic obstacles to health Preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by socially disadvantaged populations Result from poverty, environmental threats, inadequate access to health care, individual and behavioral factors, and educational inequalities Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 10 10 Community-Oriented Nursing  Community health nursing Nursing practice in the community, with the primary focus on the health care of individuals, families, and groups within the community  Goal: preserve, protect, promote, or maintain health   Public health nursing  Nursing specialty that requires understanding the needs of a population or a collection of individuals who have one or more personal or environmental characteristics in common Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 11 11 Nursing Practice in Community Health  Expert community health nurses: Understand the needs of a population or community Needs Use critical thinking skills to apply knowledgecnet.veam9ty understanding  Understand resources they not are why  Build relationships within the communityoutsiders c ommunityannunciation ship into  Are responsive to changes in the community   evolvingcommunity Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 12 12 4 3/11/2024 Community-Based Nursing       Involves acute and chronic care Enhances individuals’ capacity for self-care Promotes autonomy Uses critical thinkingmeningitidis Reduces costs Provides direct assessable access to nurses not tous ten tobecome try Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13 13 Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Immigrant populations Effects of poverty and homelessness Vulnerable Populations Patients who are abused Patients with mental illness Older adults Substance abuse usuallycenected 1 namelessmental homeless abuse any 14 Tagg 14 Case Study (2 of 5)    Kim and her classmates conducted an assessment of the community’s health care needs and practices. This is a close community that is facing many challenges, although chronic disease is absent in this population. General preventive health care practices, including well examinations and basic screenings, are lacking. Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 15 15 5 3/11/2024 Competency in Community-Based Nursing  Nurses utilize a variety of skills and talents: Caregiver critical annuenminor thanking Case manager  Change agent  Patient advocate in  Collaborator  Counselor trust prosumperson main are my  Educator  Epidemiologist anons report seeing p rosum   I I new one you ban tget o resavas no a rising Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 16 16 Quick Quiz 1 (1 of 2) 1. Vulnerable populations of patients are those who are more likely to develop health problems as a result of: A. living at home. B. abusive habits. C. citizenship. D. middle age. Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 17 17 Case Study (3 of 5)      Many members of the Bosnian community are suspicious of free/low-cost care. Kim attends community meetings with her community nurse preceptor to assess the beliefs and concerns of the community. Misunderstandings and fears about health care services in this country are identified. Kim uses beneficence—wanting to do the most good for the most people. Kim respects the community’s beliefs. Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 18 18 6 3/11/2024 Fit  Community Assessment Components of community assessment Systematic data collection on the population Monitoring the health status of the population  Making information available about the community’s health    Components of the community    Structure or locale (travel through the community) Perform all individual patient assessments against that background wakingatstatsanalysing Assess individuals in the context of a community immunity individual understand Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 19 19 Case Study (4 of 5)    One single-parent family in the community is 30year-old Katrina Dudek and her two children (ages 3 years and 6 months). Kim and the community health nurse work with Ms. Dudek to determine the health care needs of her children and herself. So far, Ms. Dudek and her children have not received any care. Kim and Ms. Dudek discuss the need for immunizations of the children and set that as a goal. Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 20 20 Quick Quiz 2. In identifying needs for health policy and health program development and services, a community assessment focuses on which of the following elements? Select all that apply A. Structure B. Population C. Social systems D. Environments E. Individuals Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 21 21 7 3/11/2024 Changing Patients’ Health     Become knowledgeable about resources available in the community gettheresourcestune Collaborate with patients and their health care provider to provide patient-centered carefollow upappointment Promote and protect a patient's health within the context of the community using an evidencebased practice approach when possible. strongidology Consider how well you understand your patients’ lives.notassumption goodcommunitiesassessment Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 22 22 Case Study (5 of 5)     Kim identifies community leaders to serve as key persons in educational programs. Kim spends 12 weeks working with the community agency and leaders to explain how the clinic provides services and the confidentiality of these services. Kim presented information in three homes as well. A gradual increase was noted in the use of services, including fewer “missed” appointments. Copyright © 2021, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. 23 23 8