Community Health Nursing

Community Health Nursing  CONCEPTS OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 🟔 What is Community? 🟍 A group of people with common characteristics or interests living together within a territory or geographical boundary 🟍 Place where people under usual conditions are found...

Community Health Nursing  CONCEPTS OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING 🟔 What is Community? 🟍 A group of people with common characteristics or interests living together within a territory or geographical boundary 🟍 Place where people under usual conditions are found 🟔 Definitions: 🟍 WHO 🟍 DOH  WHO Expert Committee of Nursing 🟔 “special field of nursing that combines the skills of nursing, public health and some phases of social assistance and functions as part of the total public health program for the promotion of health, the improvement of the conditions in the social and physical environment, rehabilitation of illness and disability.”  DOH Definition: 🟔 A unique blend of nursing and public health practice woven into a human service that, properly developed and applied has a tremendous impact on human well being. 🟔 Its responsibilities extend to the care and supervision of individuals and families in their homes, in place of work, in schools and clinics. 🟔 According to Ruth B. Freeman: 🟍 “service rendered by professional nurse with communities, groups, families, individuals at home, in health centers, in clinics, in school, in places of work for the promotion of health, prevention of illness, care of the sick at home and rehabilitation”  American Nurses Association 🟔 CHN practice promotes and preserves the health of populations by integrating the skills and knowledge relevant to both nursing and public health 🟔 PHILOSOPHY OF CHN (Margaret Shetland) 🟍 The philosophy of Community Health Nursing is based on the worth and dignity of man. 🟔 GOAL OF CHN 🟍 “To raise the level of citizenry by helping communities and families to cope with the discontinuities in and threats to health in such a way as to maximize their potential for high-level wellness”  CONCEPTS OF CHN 🟔 The primary focus of CHN is health promotion. 🟔 CH nurses provide care necessary to meet the requirements of an individual all throughout the life cycle. 🟔 Knowledge on different fields (biological and social sciences, clinical nursing, and community health organizations) is used. 🟔 Nursing process in CHN changes based on the needs of the community.  PRINCIPLES OF CHN 🟔 CHN is based on recognized needs of individuals, families, groups and communities. 🟔 The CH nurse must understand fully the objectives and policies of the agency she represents. 🟔 In CHN, the family is the unit of care. 🟔 CHN must be available to all regardless of race, creed, and socio-economic status. 🟔 The CH nurse makes use of available health resources. 🟔 The CH nurse utilizes the already existing active organized groups in the community. 🟔 There must be provision for educative supervision in CHN. 🟔 There should be accurate recording and reporting in CHN. 2 Major Fields of Nursing in the Philippines 🟔 Hospital Nursing 🟔 Community Health Nursing 🟍 School Health Nursing 🟍 Occupational Health Nursing  Basic Skills of a CHN 🟔 Observation 🟔 Communication 🟍 for one to build the kind of relationship that result in improved patient care and outcomes 🟔 Interpersonal relations  CORE COMPETENCIES OF A CHN 🟔 Analytic assessment skills 🟔 Policy development/program planning skills 🟔 Communication skills 🟔 Cultural competency skills 🟔 Community dimensions of practice skills 🟔 Basic public health sciences skills 🟔 Financial planning and management skills 🟔 Leadership and systems thinking skills COMPETENCY STANDARDS OF NURSING PRACTICE IN THE PHILIPPINES 🟍 SAFE AND QUALITY NURSING CARE 🟍 MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT 🟍 HEALTH EDUCATION 🟍 LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY 🟍 ETHICO-MORAL RESPONSIBILITY 🟍 PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT 🟍 QUALITY IMPROVEMENT 🟍 RESEARCH 🟍 RECORD MANAGEMENT 🟍 COMMUNICATION 🟍 COLLABORATION AND TEAMWORK  Essential Features of Contemporary Nursing Practice 🟔 Attention to the full range of human experiences and responses to health and illness without restriction to a problem- focused orientation 🟔 Integration of objective data with knowledge gained from an understanding of the patient or group’s subjective experience 🟔 Application of scientific knowledge to the processes of diagnosis and treatment 🟔 Provision of caring relationship that facilitates health and healing  Association of State and Territorial Directors of Nursing (ASTDN)  ROLES & FUNCTIONS OF CHN 🟔 Has the necessary knowledge, skills and attributes in dealing with the health needs and problems of his/her clients 🟔 Is familiar with the structure and dynamics of the health care systems and its broader socio-cultural, economic and political context 🟔 Is knowledgeable of laws and policies affecting the health care system in general and nursing practice in particular and of nursing and program standards.  Role Health Model Monit Planner/ or Programmer Coordinator of Researc Services her Change Manager/ Agent Supervisor Provider Traine of r Nursing Care Health Communit Educator/ y Health Organizer Recorder/ Counselor Reporter/ Statistician  Formulates nursing component of health Interprets and plans. In doctor less implements the nursing area, she/he is care plan, program responsible for the politics, memoranda and formulation of the circulars for the municipal health plan. concerned staff/personnel. Provides technical assistance to rural health midwives in health matters like target setting, etc. Identifies needs, priorities and problems of individuals, families and communities. Develops the family’s capability to take care of the sick, disabled or dependent member. Provides direct nursing care to the sick, disabled in the home, clinic, school or Provides place of work. continuity of patient care.  MANAGER/SUPERVISOR REQUIREMENTS: Interprets and implements program ✔ Philippine RN policies memoranda ✔ At least 2 yrs. and circulars. Experience in general nursing service administration ✔ With at least 9 units in Management and Administrative courses in MA ✔Be a member of good standing of the accredited professional organization of nurses Initiates and Responsible for motivating and enhancing community participates in participation in terms of community planning, organizing and development. implementing and evaluating health programs/services.  Coordinates with individuals, families, and groups for health and relaxed health services provided by various members of health team and other GOs an NGOs. Coordinates with nursing program with other health programs such as environmental sanitation, health education, dental health and mental health. Conducts pre-marital counseling Trains new parents Seminars on basic health services Teaches health prevention  Uses symptomatic and objective Detects observation and deviation from other forms of data health of gathering individuals, Morbidity families, Registry groups of the Questionnaire community Checklist through Annual report contact/visits record to monitor with them. growth and development Health status of individuals, families and communities. Provides good example/ model of healthful living to the public/community.  Motivates changes in health behavior of individuals, families, group and community including lifestyle in order to promote and maintain health. ▪ Epidemiological Skills ▪ Records and reports appropriately to the authorities  RESEARCHER 🟔 Participates/assists in the conduct of surveys, studies and researches on nursing and health-related subjects. 🟔 Coordinates with GOs and NGOs in the implementation of studies/research. End of Report…  REFERENCES 🟔 Clemen-Stone, S., Comprehensive Community Health Nursing: Family Aggregate and Community Practice, p. 37. 🟔 Reyala, J. et. al, Community Health Nursing Service in the Philippines Department of Health, p. 21-25.