Unit 1 - Introduction to Media and Information Literacy PDF

Introduction to Media and Information Literacy Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Describe how much media and information affect communication. Identify the similarities and differences between civic literacy and digital literacy. Editoriali...

Introduction to Media and Information Literacy Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Describe how much media and information affect communication. Identify the similarities and differences between civic literacy and digital literacy. Editorialize the value of being literate in media and information. Identify characteristics and describes responsible uses and competent producers of media and information. Share with the class their media habits, lifestyles, and preferences. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Lesson 1 How media and information affect communication. Lesson 2 What is media and information literacy? Lesson 3 Responsible uses and production of media and information. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  How Media and Information LESSON 1 Affect Communication Have you ever wondered how Filipinos communicate? Consider your everyday conversations with your friends or your family members. Do these conversations follow the communication process? Joy F. Dugayo, LPT Message Relay The game emphasizes the importance of clear, efficient, and accurate communication between team members. 1. Divide the class into groups with eight members. 2. The first person in each line will come in front to get the message. He or she needs to memorize it in 30 seconds. 3. Orally pass the message to the next person in line until it reaches the last person. 4. The last person should proceed to the front and write the message on the board. The group that writes the message most accurately in the shortest time will get a point. Group 1. Sizzling sausages sing in the sunlight. Group 2.Twinkling twilight tickles the old town. Group 3. Munching marshmallow makes me merry. Group 4. Polar bears parade in pink pajamas. Group 5. The tourists ate some fish on the beach.  Facial Message Each participant must face away from the first person in each line. Once a person has been tapped, he/she must focus on the facial message relayed, and pass it on to the next person. Once the message has been successfully passed to the first person, he/she will relay this to the teacher. Skipping people in one’s line or talking is not allowed. Any team breaking the rules need to restart the message relay process. They may also be given a different value or penalty will be imposed.  Facial Message VALUES a) Raising eyebrows = 1000 b) Eyes movement = 100 c) Kiss motion = 50 d) Licking motion = 10 1160 2260 2480 Communication Do you still remember the five Cs in 21st-century skills? Notice that the communication skill connect with other skills. Communication has a crucial role in every aspect of human life regardless of age, origin, and nature of work. Communication - derived from the word “communis” which means common. - involves the process of transmitting and delivering information to an intended audience for whatever purpose it may be such as forming relationships, exchanging meanings, making transactions, influencing choices, and creating and producing ideas.  Eight (8) Elements That Constitute the Creation of a Message Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Eight (8) Elements that Constitute the Creation of Message 1. Source The source is where the message came from which can be a person or an organization. 2. Encoding The process by which a message is translated so it can be transmitted and communicated to another party. It is how you compose your sentence as you communicate. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Eight (8) Elements that Constitute the Creation of Message 3. Transmitting The actual act of sending the message. It can either be through the person’s vocal cords and facial muscles complemented with hand gestures, if we mean the act of speaking. (It could also be the posting of an administrative letter on the bulletin board so everybody can see.) Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Eight (8) Elements that Constitute the Creation of Message 4. Channel Technologies are the lines that enable the act of sending or transmitting, which can be the telephone, the Internet for voice operated applications, the radio and television, or the print media to communicate more complex messages. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Eight (8) Elements that Constitute the Creation of Message 5. Decoding The transmitted impulses are converted to signs as the brain perceives and processes it. The reverse of encoding, decoding is the process by which the receiver translates the source’s thoughts and ideas so they can have meaning. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Eight (8) Elements that Constitute the Creation of Message 6. Receiver The receiver is the one who gets the message that was transmitted through the channels. Like the source or sender, the receiver can be an individual or an organization. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Eight (8) Elements that Constitute the Creation of Message 7. Feedback Feedback is the response generated by the message that was sent to the receiver, which can either be immediate or delayed. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Eight (8) Elements that Constitute the Creation of Message 8. Noise Interference Most of the times, there is something that interferes the transmittal process. This interference is known as noise, which may be treated both literally and figuratively. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Eight (8) Elements that Constitute the Creation of Message Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Communication Models Shannon and Weaver Model Charles Osgood’s Model Schramm’s Model Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Shannon and Weaver Model - refers to a two-way process that reinforces that the message needs to be deconstructed if there is a greater noise or disturbance to lessen ambiguity. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Charles Osgood’s Model - explains the circular process in which the roles of being a source and a receiver can be interchanged and done simultaneously with the help of a feedback mechanism. - strategy is based on the notion that the sender and the recipient must understand the message Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Schramm’s Model - emphasizes the shared experiences and understanding between the sender and the receiver. - If there is less commonality, there is a possibility that both will experience difficulty in communication. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT LESSON 2 What is Media and Information Literacy - is a set of integrated skills, attitudes, and competencies that empower citizens to understand and communicate information for democratic discourse and to evaluate, produce and use all of these resources effectively, competently, and ethically. Literacy Schramm’s - refers to one’s cognitive ability to process information using written materials in various contexts. - ability to read and write - set of skills that includes the ability to read with comprehension and write simple messages (basic skills)  Basic Skills Functional Skills Ability to read and Use the information and knowledge found write on the pages in everyday life Use the basic computational functions as Ability to deal with transactional tools and as a way of numbers making sense of the world. Focuses mainly on Deals with how people actually use 3Rs acquisition of 3Rs and other essential skills and (reading, writing, competencies to solve both personal and arithmetic) societal problems  To respond to new challenge, educational institutions have identified two (2) new set of literacies that will enable the students engage in collaborative work, innovative action, and deploy proactive responses to social issues. 1. Digital age literacies 2. Civic literacies Joy F. Dugayo, LPT Digital Age Literacies span the use of all technologies and content (text, image, and sound) that are created through digital technology. covers both the cognitive skills that are needed in navigating the digital environment-marking our daily lives and technical ability to use digital equipment in its various forms. Technical ability: - use of computers for various applications - surfing the internet - accessing information from various internet sites - chatting and videoconferencing - Using multimedia equipment Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Different forms of Digital Literacy Computer literacy Visual Literacy Technological literacy News Literacy Information Literacy Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Involves knowing how to use the computer independently-both its software hardware components. Computer literate individual can: - access - manage - synthesize - assess - evaluate - create - disseminate information Joy F. Dugayo, LPT using the computer  also about the use of computer but emphasize on emerging technologies that are product of human innovation. Technological literate person is someone who: - understands the role of technology in society, how it shapes history, and how society is shaped by it. - situate how technology can be used in various human endeavors such as science, humanities, medicine, economics etc. - elaborate how application technology yield better results and bring about innovation - Indicate how technology can also be misused for purposes that do not serve human and social development Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  was first defined by John Debes in 1969 (Avegerinou and Ericson 1997) a group of vision-competencies a human being can develop by seeing and at the same time having and integrating other sensory experiences. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  as the rise of digital technology has paved the way, the expanded definition developed: “the ability to interpret, use, appreciate, and create images (e.g. painting, photographs, infographics etc.) using both analog and digital technologies to disseminate information, produce knowledge, or provide aesthetically pleasing experiences. Includes art and design.” Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  appreciating, understanding, and verifying the reliability and credibility of information that comes from a news source (print, radio, television, or the internet. In its simplest form, news literacy ask questions: - Why should I believe this news? Joy F. Dugayo, LPT Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  JOURNALIST INFLUENCER Someone who has the power, or A trained professional who impact, over the purchasing seeks to know and report decisions of a group of people the truth who follow him or her Reports based on facts, Makes unfiltered content based verifies information multiple on their personal interests and times with primary sources based on the wants of their before publishing engaged audience Has an editor who tries to Brands and companies hire them, make sure their report is even micro-influencers, to help balanced them reach their marketing and Follows a Journalist’s Code sales targets of Ethics Information is usually based on Can be sued for libel or personal experience or “opinion” defamation Anyone can be an influencer www.digitalino.ph Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  FACT OPINION A fact is a statement that can An opinion can be proven to be express a belief, true by the use of attitude, value, evidence. judgment, or feeling. Factual It has no factual statements are evidence. true in all cases Opinions are and for all people. debatable. Facts are One can potentially universal. agree or disagree with an Opinion. www.digitalino.ph Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  is a set of skills and competencies that enable people to make informed judgments and decisions on the type of information they need, where to access it, and how they will use it to make decisions. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Not? r a keo F Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Google Fact Check Explorer Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Civic Literacies is a body of skills, knowledge, and attitudes that enable a citizen to actively participate and initiate changes in the community and the greater society. (Civic is “civitas” in Greek meaning citizen) Goals: - For citizens to think beyond the confines of their homes and extend their participation to the community and society.“Pakikipagkapwa” (thinking beyond yourself) Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Different forms of Civic Literacy Environmental literacy Multicultural Literacy Gender Literacy Media Literacy Financial Literacy Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  - Used interchangeably with “ecological literacy” and “environmental education”(thrust) - The ability to recognize that an individual’s choice or actions has implications for the environment and the knowledge to identify the most efficient and, more importantly, sustainable solution to a problem. An environmental literate individual: - Knows basic environmental information, the ways which human actions harm the environment and the limits of human practices to alter natural process in the environment - Aware that change to truly happen, for the planet to be truly saved, the KSA must be transmitted to the next generation. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  honor and affirming that women are equal to men helping people to see that sex assigned birth doesn't define your gender identity, gender expression, or your sexual orientation. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Individual’s capacity to manage inflows and outflows of money Five (5) categories of financial literacy: 1. Knowledge on financial concepts 2. Ability to communicate about financial concepts 3. Aptitude in managing personal finances 4. Skills in making appropriate financial decisions, and 5. Confidence in planning effectively for future financial needs Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Best understood using the lens of difference A multicultural literate citizens: - recognize and respects the presence of others in their immediate community and society who are different from them - understand that cultural, racial, ethic, religious, and linguistic differences govern human socities - know that through this differences that one realizes that no culture is intrinsically superior to another. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  focuses on how a person identifies and scrutinizes the roles and functions of media institutions, how he scrutinizes the content and even various information providers, and how he makes use of media in a responsible, ethical manner. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Responsible Uses and Production LESSON 3 of Media and Information These issues will challenge an individual to apply what he or she knows about media and how to understand its influences on one’s identity, personal choices, and decisions. plagiarism intellectual disrespect and dishonesty stereotypes like gender or racial bias and oversimplified generalization disrespect for people’s privacy, feelings, and property unverified sources Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Let’s Analyze In 2013, there was a news report about a University of the Philippines student who won a photography contest organized by the Chilean ambassador in the country. After winning the grand prize, it was discovered that it was not his original work; instead, he got it from a social media account owned by a foreigner without asking permission. Later on, his other entries in previous photography contests were also questioned because they appeared to be taken from someone else’s work without approval. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Let’s Analyze 1. What violation was committed by the student? Plagiarism: The student presented another person's work as his own, which is a serious violation of academic and professional ethics. Intellectual Property Theft: By using someone else's photos without permission, the student violated the original creators' intellectual property rights. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  Let’s Analyze 2. Why is it considered a critical issue? Plagiarism undermines trust in academic and professional settings. When people falsely claim credit for someone else's work, it undermines the credibility of institutions and competitions. The integrity of such events is dependent on participants contributing their own work, and violations reduce the value of these platforms. Using someone else's work without permission not only violates the original creator's rights, but it may also deprive them of recognition or financial benefits that could have come from their work. Intellectual property laws safeguard creators' rights. Violating on these rights can result in legal consequences, emphasizing the importance of raising awareness and adhering to the laws. Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  As you engage in the increasingly complex information and entertainment media that flood your senses every day, the tools of media literacy should enable you to become a successful student, a mindful consumer, and, in the near future, a productive worker and responsible citizen. “Democracy will prosper if citizens/netizens are media and information literate.” Joy F. Dugayo, LPT Joy F. Dugayo, LPT Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  What are the two (2) categories of literacies? 1. Civic 2. Digital Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  A type of literacy where you have the ability to make informed judgments and take effective decisions regarding the use and management of money. Financial Literacy Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  A type of literacy where you can decode meanings of images/videos you see and its harmony with the information that is presented with. Visual Literacy Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  A type of literacy where you know how use manage and access both different software applications as well as identify the hardware components of a computer. Computer Literacy Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  A type of literacy where you know the difference between journalism and other kinds of information dissemination and between journalist and other media purveyors. News Literacy Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  A type of literacy where you respect and recognize the cultural background of others and fosters an environment centered around the celebration of diversity. Multicultural Literacy Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  In the communication process, it refers to the tool used to deliver the message from the source to the receiver in the communication process. Channel Joy F. Dugayo, LPT  This is the response generated by the message that was sent to the receiver, which can either be immediate or delayed. Feedback Joy F. Dugayo, LPT