Digestive System Terms PDF

Terms related to Gastrointestinal System Organs of the Gastrointestinal tract Oral cavity Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Colon  Function of the Digestive System Mechanical and chemical digestion of food Absorption of nutrient molecules Elimination of solid wastes Digestiv...

Terms related to Gastrointestinal System Organs of the Gastrointestinal tract Oral cavity Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Colon  Function of the Digestive System Mechanical and chemical digestion of food Absorption of nutrient molecules Elimination of solid wastes Digestive System Combining Forms an/o anus append/o appendix bucc/o cheek cec/o cecum chol/e bile, gall col/o colon dent/o tooth duoden/o duodenum Digestive System Combining Forms enter/o small intestine esophag/o esophagus gastr/o stomach gingiv/o gums gloss/o tongue hepat/o liver ile/o ileum  Digestive System Suffixes –emesis vomit –lithiasis stone –orexia appetite –pepsia digestion –phagia eat, swallow –prandial pertaining to a meal Pps  Word Building with an/o & bucc/o –al anal pertaining to anus –al buccal pertaining to cheek labi/o –al labiobuccal pertaining to lips and cheeks Word Building with append/o & appendic/o –ectomy appendectomy surgical removal of appendix –itis appendicitis inflammation of appendix Word Building with col/o & colon/o –ectomy colectomy removal of colon –ostomy colostomy new opening into colon rect/o – colorectal pertaining to colon & rectum al –scope colonoscope instrument to view colon –ic colonic pertaining to colon Word Building with duoden/o, enter/o, & esophag/o –al duodenal pertaining to duodenum –ic enteric pertaining to intestine –itis enteritis inflammation of intestine –eal esophageal pertaining to esophagus –ectasis esophagectasis dilation of esophagus  Word Building with gastr/o –algia gastralgia stomach pain –ic gastric pertaining to stomach enter/o inflammation of stomach & gastroenteritis –itis intestine enter/o gastroenterologist stomach specialist –ologist nas/o –ic nasogastric pertaining to nose & stomach –scope gastroscope instrument to view stomach –itis gastritis inflammation of stomach –ectomy gastrectomy surgical removal of stomach  Word Building with hepat/o & ile/o –itis hepatitis inflammation of liver –oma hepatoma liver tumor –ic hepatic pertaining to liver Word Building with jejun/o, lapar/o, & lingu/o –al jejunal pertaining to jejunum –otomy laparotomy incision into abdomen instrument to view inside the –scope laparoscope abdomen sub– –al sublingual pertaining to under the tongue Word Building with pancreat/o & pharyng/o –itis pancreatitis inflammation of pancreas –ic pancreatic pertaining to pancreas –eal pharyngeal pertaining to pharynx –plegia pharyngoplegia pharynx paralysis –plasty pharyngoplasty surgical repair of pharynx Word Building with –emesis, –orexia, & – prandialc hemat/o hematemesis vomit blood hyper– hyperemesis excessive vomiting an– anorexia lack of appetite dys– dysorexia abnormal appetite post– postprandial pertaining to after a meal  Word Building with –pepsia & – phagia brady– bradypepsia slow digestion dys– dyspepsia indigestion Inability or refusal to a– aphagia swallow Difficulty or discomfort in dys– dysphagia swallowing poly– polyphagia too much eating  Eating Disorders Anorexi a A morbid refusal to eat Obesit because the person wants y Excessive body to be dangerously thin weight that often results from Bulimi overeating a Eating, then purposefully purging or vomiting to achieve weight loss  Disorders of the Stomach Flatulenc Achlorhydri e Accumulation of gas in the a Lack of hydrochloric stomach or intestines acid in the stomach Dyspepsi Hematemesis a Difficulty with digesting Vomiting of blood from the food (Indigestion) stomach Gastriti s Any stomach Hiatal inflammation hernia Gastroenteritis Protrusion of the stomach through an opening in the Inflammation of both the diaphragm stomach and small intestine  Liver Disorders Hepatomegal Hepatiti y Enlarged Inflammatory s liver condition of the liver due to a variety of causes (infection, drugs, alcohol)  Disorders of the Intestines Duodenal Ileu ulcers s A form of peptic ulcer An intestinal thought to be bacterial blockage in origin Coliti Appendiciti s inflammation of the colon (large s intestine) Inflammation of the appendix, which lies on the Ulcerative side of the duodenum, and colitis becomes inflamed if gastric Ulcers and inflammation in substances leak into it from the colon (large intestine) the duodenum  References Quick and Easy Medical Terminology, 7th Edition, Peggy C. Leonard, Elsevier, 2014. Page Number: 221-247.