Active Skills for Reading Unit 1 PDF

UNIT AU About Food I Getting Ready Discuss the following questions with a partner. 1 What foods do you see in the pictures? 2 Which ones do you like? Which ones don't you like? 3 Do you like to cook? What dishes can you cook?...

UNIT AU About Food I Getting Ready Discuss the following questions with a partner. 1 What foods do you see in the pictures? 2 Which ones do you like? Which ones don't you like? 3 Do you like to cook? What dishes can you cook? 11  UNIT 1 CHAPTER 1 A Restaurant for Change Before You Read ·A Think about answers to the following questions. Learning to Cook· 1 What are some ways peopl learn how to cook? 2 Which of these ways would be useful for someone fearning how to cook as a job? B Discuss your answers with a partner. Reading Skill A Look at the pictures and title of the passage on the next page. Then Predictin answer this question. How can a restaurant change a person's life? Before reading, good readers think about B Read paragraphs 1 and 2 in the passage. Then answer the following what they are going to questions. read. And while reading, they think about what 1 We.re your predictions in A correct? comes next. This _helps 2 What kind of training do you t_hink th_e young chefs at Fifteen get? them better understand what they are reading. C Hea_d.paragraph 3 in the passage.: Ttien a wer the following questions. 1. Were your predictions in 8 correct? 2 Why do you U1ink the restaurant is named Fifteen? D Read the l st paragraph in the passage. Was your prediction in C corre t? Now read the entire passage carefully. Then answer the questions on page 14. Factors of success. Successful readers read fluently. To be fluent, you should be able to read 200 words per minute with at least 70 percent comprehension. In this chapter, see if you can achieve this goal. Achieving the goal will contribute to your success. 12 UNIT 1 Chapter 1 A Restaurant for Change Jamie Oliver wants to change peoples' lives and he is using food to do it. Oliver, a chef, is well-known for sharing his secrets of cooking healthy food through his magazine, cookbooks, and television shows. He is also 5 changing lives through his Italian restaurant, Fifteen. Fifteen started in London, England, as a place to train young adults to work in a kitchen. Oliver's idea was to create a professional kitchen that can help young people get a fresh start and a chance to become professional chefs. 10 Every September, a new group of 18- to 24-year-olds start work at Fifteen. When they start, they are usually not qualified for a restaurant job, but tha1 will change quickly. In the 12 months of training, the student chefs study cooking at college and get hands-on training.at the restaurant. Besides learning kitchen skills, they learn the importance of using fresh ingredients and how to create their own recipes. 20 And their education doesn't stop with preparing and serving food. The students also learn how to manage money and deal with difficult customers. overall, the program encourages them to believe in themselves and enables them to look forward to a future in the restaurant business. The restaurant's name, Fifteen, comes from the number of students the 25 restauranthad when it started in 2002. Today, Oliver has three of these restaurants; and· a few hundred students have finished the program. Around 90 percent of the graduates are still working in the food industry. Some own restaurants or work in some of the best kitchens around the world. Others are now starring in their own TV shows. They're all great examples of what young 30 people can do if they're given the opportunity and support. A Restaurant for Change 13 Reading A Choose the correct answers for the following questions. Comprehension 1 Jamie Oliver ______ the Fifteen restaurant. Check Your Understanding a is a chef at b is the owner of c was a student at 2 Oliver uses Fifteen to help young people ______ a eat healthy food b find jobs c become rich 3 In lines 12-13, When they start, they are usually... , who does they refer to? a students at Fifteen b TV chefs c customers 4 Today, most Fifteen graduates are working in the ______ industry. a building b education c food B Number these events (1-4) in the order they happen. a __ The student chefs graduate from their training. b __ The student chefs get hands-on training at a top restaurant. c __ In September, a new group of 18- to 24-year-olds start work. d __ The student chefs use their training to find jobs. r - \!, "'v Critical Thinking C Discuss the following questions with a partner. 1 Jamie Oliver started Fifteen to help young people get a fresh start in their lives. How could restaurant training make a young person's life better? 2 How does learning to manage money and difficult customers help someone in the restaurant business? Vocabulary A Complete each sentence with the best answer. The words in blue are Comprehension from the passage. Words in Context 1 Qualified people are usually to work. a trained b not trained 2 The cafe near my home serves a good chefs b delicious food 3 Which of these are ingredients? a forks and spoons b carrots and tomatoes 4 Since this is hands-on training, you'll need to a travel to the place b use your computer 5 Our English teacher encourages us a to watch movies in English b not to do our homework 6 Some examples of healthy foods are a trench fries and potato chips b fruits and vegetables 14 UNIT 1 Chapter 1  7 You use a recipe to learn how a food ______ a tastes b is made 8 Javier is ______ in the kitchen right now. a taking a shower b cooking lunch B Answer the following questions. Then share your ideas with a partner. 1 How would you encourage someone to speak English? 2 What things do you find in a kitchen? 3 What do you do to keep healthy? 4 What places do you know that serve good food? A The words in the chart below are all in the passage on page 13. Match Vocabulary Skill these words with their antonyms from the box. Antonyms ( unhealthy discourage easy rest free ) AA antonym is a word r Antonym "\ that means the opposite of another word. 1 like dislike Sometimes, antonyms are very different words, 2 difficult for example, lightand 3 work dark, true and false. 4 healthy Other times, antonyms 5 encourage are made by adding or changing prefixes or \..6 busy suffixes, for example, happyand unhappy, B Complete the sentences with the words from A. You might have to careless and careful One change the form of the word. good way to increase your vocabulary is to 1 You shouldn't eat so much food. learn antonyms. 2 Tonight's homework was very. I finished it in a few minutes. 3 You look tired. You should go and for a while. 4 You should not let a small problem you from reaching your goals. 5 I really that girl. She's always so rude. 6 I didn't have lunch as I was in the afternoon. A Restaurant for Change 15  UNIT 1 CHAPTER 2 Let's Make Blueberry Muffins! Before You Read Famous Treats A Think about answers to the following questions. 1 Can you name the desserts above? Have you ever eaten them? 2 What are your favorite desserts? Can you make them at home? B Discuss your answers with a partner. Reading Skill A Scan the passage on the next page. Then answer the following questions. Scanning 1 Find the list of things you need to make blueberry muffins. How many different ingredients are needed? ______ Scanning is looking 2 How many steps are there in making blueberry muffins? ______ through a passage for information you need. For example, most people B Which step of the recipe uses each of these things? Scan the passage again and write the number of the step. do not read a newspaper from beginning to end. They scan the headlines 1 salt 3 egg to find what they want 2 blueberries 4 cooking spray \ to read. This saves time because you only read C Now read the entire passage carefully. Then answer the questions \he \mormation 'Y want. on page 18. 16 UNIT 1 Chapter 2  Let's M·ake Blueber_r_y_M_u_ f_f _in_s_!______ Muffins are pastries1 that were first popular in England, Germany, and America in the 1800s. Today, muffins can be both sweet and savory. 2 Most people add fruit and vegetables to add flavor. These muffins are full of juicy blueberries and make a delicious breakfast meal. Here's what you need: 1112 cups all-purpose flour 2 teaspoons baking powder V2 teaspoon salt 3/4 cup white sugar 1/4 cup butter 113 cup milk 1 large egg 2 teaspoons vanilla extract 1 cup fresh blueberries. Makes 8 muffins a muffin tin an electric mixer cooking spray Step 1: Get the oven ready. _____________ 5 Heat the oven to 400°F (200° C) and spray the muffin tin with cooking spray. Step 2: Mix the dry ingredients. ____________ In a large bowl, mix the flour, baking powder, salt, and 1/2 cup sugar together with a fork. When the ingredients are mixed well, make a hole in the center. Step 3: Brown the butter. _____________ 10 Meltthe butter in a pan over medium heat. When the butter melts, use a spoon to stir it. The butter will start to brown and smell nutty. When this happens, take the butter away from the stove. Step 4: Make the batter. ____________ Pour the butter and the milk into the hole you made in the flour. Mix everything together with the electric mixer. Add the egg and keep mixing. Then, add the vanilla. Don't mix the batter 15 too much. A few lumps are OK. Add the blueberries and use a spoon to stir. Be careful not to squish3 the blueberries. Step 5: Get ready to bake. ____________ Pour the batter into each section of the muffin tin. Sprinkle4 the remaining sugar over each muffin. Step 6: Bake it! 20 Bake for about 16 to 20 minutes. The tops of the muffins will be golden brown. Check that they're done by inserting a toothpick into the middle of the muffin. If it comes out with a few (quite dry) crumbs, they're ready. Let the muffins cool in the tin for a few minutes before serving. 1 A pastry is a kind of sweet food made of flour, butter, and water, and baked in the oven. 2 Savory food tastes salty or spicy, not sweet. 3 If you squish something, you press down on it, breaking it. 4 If you sprinkle something on something else, you put small pieces of it on the other thing. Let's Make Blueberry Muffins! 17 Reading A Choose the correct answers for the following questions. Comprehension ·1Which of these is NOT used in making blueberry muffins? Check Your Understanding a bacon b butter c blueberries 2 Which ingredient is melted? a salt b butter c vanilla 3 What ingredient goes on top of the muffins before baking? a baking powder b vanilla c sugar 4 How long it takes to make the muffins from start to finish? a less than 16-20 mins b 16-20 mins c more than 16-20 mins B Number the actions from the recipe in the correct order. a __ Melt the butter in a pan over medium heat. b __ Add the blueberries and use a spoon to stir. c __ Put the muffin tin in the. oven. d __ Spray the muffin tin with cooking spray. e· __Mix the flour, baking powder, salt, anq V2 cup sugar. f __ Put a little sugar on top of the muffins. Critical Thinking C Discuss the following questions with a partner. 1 What makes blueberry muffins healthy? What makes them unhealthy? 2 How would you change this recipe to make it healthier? Vocabulary A Complete the following sentences with the correct words from the box. Comprehension The words are from the passage. Words in Context bake cool check mix pour spray 1 You ______ an apple pie. 2 You the answer to a question. 3 You water into a glass. 4 You a wall with paint. 5 You. yellow and red to get orange. 6 You · chocolate over a fire. 7 You sugar to something to make it sweeter. 8 You wait for hot soup to before you drink it. 18 UNIT 1 Chapter 2 B Answer the folloyving questions, then discuss your answers with a partner. The words in blue are from the passage. 1 What else can be melted? 2 How can you check if something is cooked properly? 3 What can you add to a dish to make it taste better? A Look at the list of irregular verbs below. Write the simple past tense in the Vocabulary Skill chart. Use your dictionary to help you. Can you think of two more? Irregular Past Tense Verbs /' Base form Simple past Base form Simple past ""'\ Regular verbs are break have formed in the past bring keep tense by adding -ed to buy know the end of the verb; for example, play/played, come lose watch/watched. cut put Irregular verbs are not do ride formed in this way; for eat spread example, shut Ishut, break/broke. Many feel take irregular verbs are get very common, so it \.. go is important to know them. B. Compare your list with a partner's. Do you notice any patterns in how any of these verbs are formed? C Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words from A. 1 Ken a chocolate cake to my party. It was delicious! 2 Can I use your glass? Mine yesterday. 3 Maria into the kitchen to get something to drink. 4 My mother ______ me a new cell phone so I would call her more·often. ·5 I collected over mo old newspapers off the street and I ______ them to the recycling center. 6 three pieces of candy last night. It's difficult to eat only one! Learning new vocabulary can be fun. Learning new vocabulary can be one of the most enjoyable parts of becoming a good reader. In addition to the vocabulary that is explicitly taught in this chapter, are there other words related to this topic that you would like to learn? Let's Make Blueberry Muffins! 19 Real Life Skill A The words in blue are sometimes found on food labels. Write each word Reading Food Labels next to the correct definition. The ingredients of onion soup are onions, butter, water, salt, and pepper. In many countries, food Minerals like calcium are important for your body. labels give important Additives are used to change the color or taste of a food. information about Oranges contain vitamin C. what is in the foods we buy. Reading and This bread contains preservatives so it stays fresh for a longer time. understanding the That piece of cake had 129 calories in it. labels can help you to eat more healthily. 1 things that your body needs, such as iron 2 B, C, and D are examples of these 3 these keep a food from going bad 4 things added to a food 5 the things used to make a food 6 units of energy in your food B Read the labels for these food bars and complete the following sentences. No added sugar A complete meal-only No additives 200 calories High protein for an active life SUM Power u QUICK Lots of vitamins Strawberry-yogurt flavor and minerals, Fiber and protein to help and all t e you feel full longer-low energy, Y.ou need! in calories to. help you lose weight faster! 1 A seven-year-old child would eat _______________ because _______________________ 2 A person trying to lose weight would eat ____________ because _______________________ 3 A football player would eat ________________ because _______________________ What do you think? 1 Do you think it is healthier to eat at home or at a restaurant? Why? 2 Should children and older people eat the same foods? How should our food choices change as we age? 3 Vegetarians (people who don't eat meat) are becoming more common in some countries. Why do you think this is? 20 UN IT 1 Chapter 2  ,. UNIT Inventions 2 D D Getting Ready A Match the letters of the following inventions to the correct pictures above. a __ camera b __ desktop computer c __ dishwasher d __ microwave e _,_ smart phone f __ vacuum cleaner B When do you think these things were invented? Write the numbers from 1 (first invented) to 6 (last invented) next to the names in A. C Why do you think these inventions were successful? Discuss with a partner. 21  UNIT 2 CHAPTER 1 Computer Beats Champs Before You Read A Think about answers to the following questions. "Watson" 1 Look at the photograph on the next page. You are going to read about Watson. Who, or what, is Watson? 2 Have you heard of the television show Jeopardy? If not, what other game shows do you know? B Discuss your answers with a partner. Reading Skill A Read the following sentences. Then scan the first paragraph of the passage Reading for Details en on the next page for the information. Check (ti) true_ or false (F) for each sentence. If the sentence is false, change it to make it true. When we read for details, we read every /' T F word carefully and think 1 Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter had never been on carefully about the Jeopardy! before. meaning. It is usually best to read for details 2 This was the first time the men played against when we are looking for Watson. information in a part of a 3 Watson often got answers wrong. passage-for example, 4 The men and Watson competed against each other when answering in 2010. questions for a test. '-- B Now read the entire passage carefully. Then answer the questions on page 24. Compliment your classmates. Identify positive things that two of your classmates did during this chapter. Did they score well on the comprehension test? Did someone read very well in one of the chapters? How can you compliment each other on improved reading performance? 22 UNIT 2 Chapter 1  Computer Beats Champs In 2011, on the popular American TV quiz show, Jeopardy!, two champions competed against a brand 5 new opponent. Both Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter had won millions of dollars on Jeopardy! Jennings once won 74 games in a row, the most rn ever. Then Rutter beat him in a tournament and set a new record for the most money won on Jeopardy! Their new opponent, Watson, had never appeared on the game show and had only played practice games before, in which he often got answers wrong. However, Watson isn't human. He, or rather it, is a machine, a wonder of technology made by researchers at IBM. In the game, Watson used math to decide on an answer. When a question was read out, Watson was immediately given the same question in electronic form. It analyzed the question and searched its memory bank-about the same as one million books of information-for possible 20 answers. It then narrowed the options down to one answer. If Watson felt around 75 percent confident about the answer, it would answer the question. The way Watson thinks is very different from the way humans think. People often make decisions by listening to their emotions and feelings, even if they are unsure of the answer. As a computer, Watson couldn't do this. Peopl.e also watch and listen ·· 25 to those around them. Watson was not able to "listen" to the wrong answers given by his competitors. In one question, Jennings answered the question incorrectly and Watson later answered with the same wrong answer. Watson also made silly mistakes. In a question in the category U.S. Cities, Watson incorrectly answered Toronto, even though the city of Toronto is in Canada. An IBM 30 researcher said Watson got confused because it saw in its memory bank that the U.S. is often called America. Toronto is considered a North American city, so that was the answer that Watson gave. Still, Watson defeated his human opponents somewhat easily and received the $1 million prize. The other players also won money for participating in the special game. Everyone left the game happy, as each player was earning money for a different charity. Computer Beats Champs 23 Reading A Choose the correct answers for the following questions. Comprehension 1 Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter played a special game against a Check Your Understanding a man b researcher c computer 2 Watson used ______ to answer the questions. a feelings b paper c math 3 Watson made a mistake because it thought the question was about cities in ______ a· the U.S. b Canada c America 4 The money the players won in the game went to ______ a charity b Jeopardy! c Watson B In which paragraph (1-5) of the passage can you fi.nd the following information? Write the number. You may use any number more than once. a Watson is a machine that uses math to answer questions. b Watson sometimes gets confused. c Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter are Jeopardy! champions. d Watson won , but everyone received money. e Watson makes decisions in a different way from humans. Critical Thinking C Discuss the following questions with a partner. 1 Watson beat two very smart men. Why do you think Watson won? 2 Which is smarter: humans or machines? Why do you think so? Vocabulary A Match each word with its definition. The words in blue are from the Comprehension passage. Definitions 1 beat a not able to understand something 2 competitor b to feel sure of something 3 confused c a person who is trying to win a competition 4 champion d an amazing thing 5 wonder e the person you are competing against 6 machine f winner 7 confident g win against another person or team 8 opponent h a car, a clock, a mixer, etc. B Complete the following sentences with words in blue from A. You might have to change the form of tl:'e word. 1 I am a good English student, but math me. 2 I played games with my friend last night. I her every time! 3 In the Olympics, the are usually the best in their country. 4 Mary said she was not ______ that she would pass the test. 24 UN IT 2 Chapter 1  5 Look at that beautiful rainbow. Isn't it a(n) of nature? 6 Nowadays, people are worried that their jobs may be replaced by 7 Even though his ______ was very good, Sam won the match and became tennis ______ A Match the word parts in the box to the. orrect prefix. Write them Vocabulary Skill below. The Prefixes com- and con- (-municate -nect -pare -fort -tain -man) Com- and con- are rcom- r Con- '"\ prefixes that mean with or together. communicate Remembering what these prefixes mean can help you to understand more words. \.. B Match the following definitions with the correct words from A. 1 to join or link together 2 normal; ordinary 3 to have, include 4 to talk to and understand others 5 to look at how two or more things are the same or different ______ 6 to help someone feel better when something bad happens ------ C Complete the following sentences with words from A. You might have to change the form of the word. 1 I had to ______ my son when his cat died. 2 This soup already salt, but I added a little more. 3 In England, "John" is a very ______ name for a man. 4 Before you buy new shoes, you should prices in several different stores. 5 Deaf people ______ with others by making signs with their hands. 6 We cut a door in this wall, so now the kitchen is ______ to the dining room. Computer Beats Champs 25  UNIT 2 CHAPTER 2 The Most Useful Inventions Before You Read A Look at the list of useful inventions below. Work with a partner to add Useful Inventions three more to the list. the telephone the Internet the car the airplane paper B Rank the inventions from 1 (most useful) to 8 (least useful). Discuss your answers with a partner. Reading Skill A Look quickly at the web forum (an online discussion board) on the next Scanning page. When did each writer post their message? Match each date with the writer's name. When we a text 1 April 13 ______ a Kazuo we look tor specific 2 April 14 ______ b Cindy informati(?ll, for example, 3 April 15 ______ c Jorge names arid dates. We move 01reyes quickly over the page, and we do B Which invention did each writer think is the most important? Match each invention with the writer's name. not read the information that we are not looking 1 air conditioner ______ a Kazuo for. In Chapter 2 of Unit 1 2 electricity b Cindy we used scanning to find 3 the Internet c Jorge information in a recipe, and we mentioned C Read the entire discussion carefully. Then answer the questions on that scanning is useful page 28. when taking tests. It is also very useful for getting information from websites. Internal and external rewards. Our rewards can be both internal and external. Make a list of three internal and three external rewards. Make sure that you reward yourself with both types. For example, every time you get all the questions right, you could give yourself a treat (external). You should also feel good that y u've improved (internal). 26 UN IT 2 Chapter 2.;.,,:;,,; CiM,Ml1ffii 4ilr4:ll'IM i,NJ,i!H&I TOPIC: THE MOST USEFUL INVENTIONS The other day, my friends and I had a discussion about the most useful invention of all time. There were many good ideas-the train, the car, and the airplane. Th.ey're all useful, but they were not my choices. For an everyday, useful invention, I vote for the air condi- tioner. I live in Taipei, and during the summer the temperature can 5 be 35 degrees telsius or higher. It's so hot! I'm not joking when I say _ that, without ah air conditioner, people here couldn't work or study. The weather is so hot that it can make you feel unwell if you don't drink enough water and get enough rest. What do you guys think is the most useful invention of all time? 1o Posted by Cindy wu on Saturday, April 13· I don't know if I agree with you, Cindy. For me, the most useful invention of all time is surely the Internet. we can now reach people and do business faster. I own a clothing store iri Me ico City, and there's a l. ot of competition. I also have a website. Now, :people 15 from all over the world can buy my clothing. With emails,;! can keep in touch with friends and family in Mexico and arqund the world. It's faster than usual mail, and it's cheaper than usfng the phone! ; Posted by Jorge on Sunday, April 14 20 Jorge, I also think that the Internet is useful. But, in my opinion, there is an "invention" that is even more important, and that's electricity. Of course, this isn't a man-made invention, but without people like Benjamin Franklin and Alessandro Volta, we wouldn't have learned how to use it. And without electricity, many of the 25 world's most important modern inventions would not work. Posted by Kazuo on Monday, April 15 The Most Useful Inventions 27 Reading A Choose the correct answers for the following questions. Comprehension 1 For Cindy, the air conditioner is the most useful because _____ Check Your Understanding a her, apartment doesn't smell very good b she lives in a very hot place c she often gets sick 2 Jorge says that the Internet helps him to _____ a sell air conditioners to people around the world b keep in touch with family and friends c use the telephone more cheaply 3 Kazuo thi"nks electricity is the most useful invention because _____ a many machines cannot work without it b Benjamin Franklin invented it c it isn't really man-made 4 Who is most likely to agree that communication is the most important? a Cindy b Jorge c Kazuo B Answer the following questions by checking (v') Cindy (C), Jorge (J), or Kazuo (K). r Who.. ? c J K ' 1 chose an invention that people didn't make 1 2 mentioned trains, cars, and planes 3 sells clothing 4 talked to friends about the topic ,s has a website Critical Thinking C Discuss the following questions with a partner. 1 Which of the three writers in the reading passage do you most agre·e with? 2 Do you ver post messages on web$ites? If so, which ones? If not, why ot? Vocabulary A Complete each statement with the best answer. The words in blue are Comprehension from the passage. Words in Context 1 During a discussion, people ----- a do their own work b share their ideas 2 If you do something during class, you do it _____ a at the same tim as the class b a little before the class 3 There is surely a way to solve the problem. We should _____ a give up b keep on trying 4 I asked for your. opinion because I want to know how you --,---- r a did it b felt about it 5 When we keep in touch with· someone, we _____ a Compliment them b communicate with them. 28 UNIT 2 Chapter 2  6 Which of these can people vote for? a a president b their parents 7 The temperature in this room is _____ a 35 centimeters b 22 degrees Celsius 8 English is a very useful language because _____ a many people speak it b it is very difficult B Complete the paragraph with words in blue from A. You might have to change the form of the word. It was so hot yesterday! I think the (1) _____ was nearly 40 degrees Celsius. In the office where I work, we have air conditioning, but it isn't very strong, so it's not very (2). Instead, we held most of our team (3) at a cafe nearby. The weather report said that it would (4) cool down next week, so hopefully, things won't stay like this for long. A Look at the words in the box. Add the suffixes -ful and -less to each Vocabulary Skill one to make positive and negative antonyms, then write them on the The Suffixes -tu/ and -less correct line. Can you add any more words? The suffixes -tu/ and ( use care thought help', rest ) -less have opposite meanings. When -tu/ Positive: is added to a word it Negative: means with or full of.. When -less is added it B · Match the following definitions with the correct words from A. means without. Some Be careful; notall of the words wHI be used. · root words can have 1 thinking of others both suffixes added 2 moving around a lot; not relaxed to make adjectives 3 not paying attention when doing something that are antonyms. 4 not able to do anything in a bad situation For example, useful describes something 5 calm, peaceful, relaxed that is helpful and 6 having no purpose has a use. Useless C Complete the following sentences with the words from A. describes something that is not helpful or 1 Ming was very and added salt to his coffee instead of sugar. does not have a use. 2 Be very not to mix the eggs too quickly. 3 We felt so when th.e other team beafus. There was nothing we could do. 4 This knife is ! It doesn't cut anything. 5 That was very of you to talk about Carol's weight. You know she's very sensitive about it! 6 Aki doesn't sleep well. He was so _____ that he got up four times last night. The Most Useful Inventions 29 Rea I Life Skill A Look at the dictionary abbreviations for the parts of speech below. Read Dictionary Skills: the three examples for each one, then add two more examples of your own. Identifying Parts of n. (noun) Jamie, bowl, machine, _____ Speech v. (verb) fill, support, invite, _____ In English, the same adj. (adjective) simple, healthy, curious, _____ _____ word can be used as adv. (adverb) surely, carefully, happily, _____ _____ several different parts prep. (preposition) during, after, in, _____ of speech, with diff rent B 9 meanings; for example, Look at the dictionary entries below, then read the paragraph that work can mean to do follows. the correct abbreviation in the paragraph to show the ajob when used as a part of speech for each word. verb. When used as a noun, it means ajob. cool /ku:l/ v. to make the temperature of something go down; adj. having a low temperature cover /kA v / n. something that fits on top of a can, jar, etc; v. to put something over another thing form /fo:m/ n. the shape of something; v. to hange the shape of something joke /d3 uk/ n. words that make people laugh; v. to say something to make people laugh What do you think? 1 What do you think were some of the very first inventions? 2 Who are some famous inventors? Would you like to be an inventor? 3 What are some inventions that might be made in the future? 30 UNIT 2 Chapter 2  UNIT Studying Abroad 3 Getting Ready Discuss the following questions with a partner. 1 Do you like to travel? What countries have you visited? 2 Have you ever studied in another country? Did you like it? 3 Why do you think people want.to study abroad? 31  UNIT 3 CHAPTER 1 Want to Study Abroad? Before You Read A Look at these reasons for studying abroad. Add your own ideas to Planning to Study the list. experience life in a different country make friends go sightse ing be able to speak English all day get a better job get ready to live abroad B Which of these reasons would you study abroad for? Discuss your answers with a partner. Reading Skill A Look at the passage on the next page. Read only the title and the Using Subheadings to subheadings of the four main paragraphs. What ideas do you think will be Predict Content in each paragraph? Fill in the chart below with your predictions. Sometimes passages /' Subheading Ideas are divided into ' paragraphs that have subheadings. We can Why do it? use our knowledge of the topic and these subheadings to predict Making the right choice some of the ideas that '· · may be in the passage. Getting ready to go Once you are there \... B Skim each of the four main paragraphs. Are any of the ideas in your chart the same as the ideas in the passage? C Now read the entire passage carefully. Then answer the questions on page 34. 32 UNIT 3 Chapter 1  Choose TraveLingua! Every year, thousands of students choose to 5 study abroad for the summer- whether it's for six months, a year, or even longer. Many people find the 10 experience of studying abroad very exciting, but also very scary. Let Travelingua give you some advice. 15 Why do it? Living in another country will help you learn a language and learn about another. You will see the world in a new way and learn more about yourself. Studying abroad is also training for the working world. Many companies want employees who speak a second language or who have experienced living or working in another country. 20 Making the right choice To choose the right country or school, ask yourself these questions: For how long do I want to study abroad? Do I want to live with a host family, 1 with roommates, or alone? How much can I afford to pay? If you aren't sure how to answer these questions, our experienced staff can help! Getting ready to go 25 Based on our experience, it's best to get your passport and visa2 early! Before you go, learn as much of the language as you can and read about the customs of your host country. Also, talk with people who have experience studying abroad. And call the school to make sure someone can meet you when you - get there. Make sure to bring some local money and a credit card. Once you are there 30 Be curious and open to meeting new people and having new experiences. Don't expect to always be comfortable. After the first few weeks it's usual to feel a little homesick. 3 You'll miss your family and friends. Remember tnat it takes time to get used to a new place with new customs. Talk to your new friends and Wfite about your feelings. Try to keep in touch with the people back home. ,.. Travelingua helps you get started on you,r.,journey by doing all this, and more. Choose us as your travel.. 35 partner, and we'll be sure to get you wher·e you want to go! 1 A host family is a family that students live with while they're abroad. 2 A visa is the paper or stamp in your passport that lets you enter and stay in another country. 3 If you feel homesick, you miss your home, family, and friends while traveling. Want to Study Abroad? 33 Reading A Chpose the correct answers for the following questions. Comprehension 1 Travelingua is a company that helps students ______ Check Your Understanding a get into a school, b meet people abroad c prepare to go abroad 2 The advertisement does, NOT ask you to think about ______ a who to live with b how much you can pay c what the food is like 3 The advertisement suggests that you take with you. a · a credit card b extra pencils c books 4 Many students will feel after a few weeks. a afraid b happy c homesick B What should a new student do before leaving? Number the steps from 1-4. a __ Talk to your new friends and write about your feelings. b __ Phone the school,to ask for someone to meet you. c __ Get your visa. d __ Decide where you want to go and for how long you want to study ,abroad. Critical Thinking C Discuss the following qu , ions wit a partner. 1 What kinds of people might use Travelingua? 2 What advice can you add to the Getting ready to go and Once you are there sections of the advertisement? Vocabulary A For each group of words,@ the word that does not belong. The Comprehension words in blue are from the passage. Odd Word Out 1 traditions culture kitchen 2 experience knowledge competition.3 homesick 9omfortable relaxed 4 exciting interesting funny 5 sick gre t excellent 6 opinion abroad overseas 7 make sure work check 8 dislike hate miss Don't be afraid to make mistakes. Mistakes are a natural part of learning. Everyone makes m,stakes, so don't be embarrassed if you make one in class. Motivated learners are willing to take risks and not fear getting something wrong-that's how you can learn what's right! 34 UNIT 3 Chapter 1 B Complete the sentences with the words in blue from A. 1 The ______ here is very different. In my country, it's polite to leave some food on your plate. 2 Please to switch off the lights when you leave the room. 3 I really my family. I'm going to call them tonight. 4 This chair is so ______ that I'm falling asleep in it! A Look a_t how some compound words are made. Vocabulary Skill Compound Words Some join two nouns together to form one word: ( room + mate = roommate ) Compound words are formed by putting Some put two nouns together to talk about a single thing: two words together to ( air + conditioner = air conditioner ) form a new word-for example, man-made. Others join adjectives and nouns together to make one word Sometimes compound or a hyphenated word: words are hyphenated. ( home + sick = homesick man + made = man-made ) Sometime they are not..B Match a word from the box with the nouns and adjectives listed below to form compound words. ( sick book time credit pass water) 1 card 2 part- 3 fountain 4 note 5 word 6 home C Complete the sentences with the compound words from B. 1 'Excuse me; can I pay forthis with my ? 2 · I'm very'thirsty: Where is the nearest ? 3 The first time I went abroad, I got after only one week. 4 He works at the school cafe so he can earn extra money. 5 You shouldn't share your computer ___________._ with anyone. 6 Can I have some paper toWrite on? I left my-- ------­ at home. Want to Study Abroad? 35  UNIT 3 CHAPTER 2 My Travel Journal Before You Read A Scan the travel journal on the next page. Look only at the title, the Writing a Journal subheadings, and the photographs. Then answer the following questions. 1 Who wrote the travel journal? ______________ 2 Where did she travel to? _____________ 3 How long was she traveling? a more than one month b less than one month B Discuss your answers ir:, A, and the following questions, with a partner. 1 Would you enjoy reading someone's travel journal? Why, or why not? 2 Do you keep a travel journal, or would you like to? Why, or why not? Reading Skill A Read the following sentences, then scan the second paragraph of the Reading for Details journal on the next page. Check (II') the three things Maria wrote about on October 20. Reading for details 1 D It is difficult for her to talk to her classmates. is especially useful 2 D She doesn't know how to take the bus. when we need to get information from 3 D She is making lots of friends. one part of a larger 4 D She can't understand her teacher. passage. We can scan 5 D Her English is improving very slowly. the passage to find out 6 D She had trouble understanding someone on the bus. which part we need to read more carefully, B Scan the third paragraph of the journal for the following information. and then look for Check (II') the three thing Maria wrote about on October 27. specific details. 1 D She wrote for the student newspaper. 2 DShe met a French woman.. 3 D She talked about her experiences in the United States. 4 D She met a Japanese man. 5 D She w lked around the city.. 6 D· She went to a pa.rty. C Now ead the entire journal carefully. Then answer the questions on page 38. Your teacher is a role model. Listen to your teacher share his or her personal reasons for learning English. If your teacher is a native speaker of Englis.h, find out how your teacher improves his or her English. 36 UNIT 3 Chapter 2  My Travel Journal September 13 Hi Journal! It's me, Maria! I arrived in New York city two weeks ago. I am writing this journal for one of my classes. My teacher says it is a good way for me to practice writing in English and to write about my experiences here in the United s States. So far, I like New York and my school. I have three classes a dav. Most of my classmates come from Japan, Korea, Poland,_ Germany, and Brazil. There aren't many Italian students, so I hqve to use English most of the time. I am learning a lot! I am living in student housing, and I have my own comfortable room. October 20 10 My English is hopeless! I was on the bus this morning and a man spoke to me, but I hardly understood him. I was so embarrassed. Why is my English so slowly? I want to make lots of American friends, but this isn't happening so easily. I feel shy, and it is hard, for me to talk to people, even my classn:iates! I like them, but sometimes I can't understand them very well. I'm feeling homesick. I miss my 1s friends and family. October 27 I went to a school party last Friday and it was awesome. I talked with a Japanese man named Kenji and a Polish woman n_amed Anna. we talked about our countries' customs and our experiences in the States so far. we are going to walk around the 20 city together this weekend. Also, Kenji wants me to write for the student newspaper here at school. Ma be things are gettingc_b_e_tte_ r!_ _____________ My Travel Journal 37 Reading A Choose the correct answers for the following questions. Comprehension 1 Whose idea was it for Maria to keep a journal? Check Your Understanding a her classmates' b her teacher's c Kenji's 2 The students in Maria's class are ______ a mostly Polish b all Japanese and Italian c from different countries 3 Why did Maria get embarrassed? a She took the wrong bus. b She couldn't understand someone. c She cried in class. 4 At the end of October, Maria was feeling ______ a ready to go home b depressed and homesick c better than before B Number these events (1-4) in the order they happened. a __ A man spoke to her on the bus. b __ Maria arrived in New York. c __ Maria started keeping a travel journal. d __ She went to a party. Critical Thinking C Discuss the following questions with your partner. 1 Do you think it's better to study English with students who are from many different countries or who are all from the same country? Why? 2 How can we learn from our mistakes when learning a new language? Vocabulary A Complete each statement with the best answer. The words in blue are Comprehension from the passage. Words in Context 1 If Jin-Song's friends think his shoes are awesome, they ______ a really like them b don't like them 2 Because I have lots of money, I ______ a can't buy too many things b can give some to my friends 3 I think my English is improving because ______ a I can understand American movies now b I try not to speak in class 4 Jun was really embarrassed during class because she ______ a forgot to bring her homework b got an A on the test 38 IT 3 Chapter 2  5 You need to practice playing tennis by a getting enough sleep b hitting lots of balls 6 Sandra uses a journal to a write about things that happen to her b read the news 7 I can hardly hear you. Can you speak a little, ? a softer , b louder 8 Yuki is really shy. She ______ talking to people she doesn't know. a· likes b dislikes B An.swer the following questions, then discuss your answers with a partner. The words in blue are from the passage. 1 What places do you know that have lots of trees? 2 How do you practice English? 3 Which actor or actress do you think is awesome? Why do you think so? 4 How has your English improved in the past few years? A Look at the list of verbs below. Make adjectives that describe feelings Vocabulary Skill by adding -ed. Write them in the chart. Can you think of any other Adjectives Ending in -ed words to add to the chart? rverb Adjective " Some adjectives that describe how we are feeling end in -ed. Most depress depreeeed of these adjectives embarrass come from verbs with excite the same root word. For example, from the verb tire interestwe can make worry the adjective interested by adding -ed. For \...interest verbs that end in y, we change the yto an i and B Complete the paragraph below with adjectives from A. Some have add -ed; for example, more than one answer. worry becomes worried. Healthy Living Gym Do you feel sad and (1) ______ ? Are you (2) ______ all the time? Are you (3) about your health? You may not be getting enough exercise. Healthy qving Gym encourages you to come in and start exercising today. You'll feel (4) about losing weight and looking. great. Are you (5) ? Don't be (6) ! Come in today! My Travel Journal 39 Real Life Skill A Read the following tips for keeping a journal. Writing an English Journal Use a notebook with lined paper that gives you lots of space for writing. Writing a journal is a Make sure to include the date every time you write in your journal. good way to remember Write about things that are interesting or important to you. your thoughts and Try to make a regular time for writing in your journal-for example, three experiences, to keep times a week after English class or every evening; a record of what you Don't worry about grammar and spelling. learn, and to practice Read your journal entry again before you give it to. your teacher. your English writing skills. You can keep a journal of all your daily B Now read this journal entry. experiences, or about one subject such as Tuesday. October 1 5 travel, books you read, Today. i hed reading an exc ting book called The Perfect S!o: m. It was abou_! or how your studies a group of en n a fishing boat! ": sank in a very bad storm..:!e book talked are going. _ ____ _ about their f!milies _and friends. and it was a really sad story. I would like to se the movie t t wa ma e about this story. Tomorrow ill start reading a Harry Potter book. C Now write a journal entry about an interesting book or story that you have read. What do you think? 1 If you got homesick abroad, how would you make yourself feel better? 2 Think of five good things about studying abroad and tell your partner. 3 Do you know anyone who has studied abroad? How did their experience change them? 40 ,UNIT 3 Chapter 2