Study Guide: Lesson 1 Introduction to MIL (PDF)

Lesson 1 Introduction to Media and Information Literacy Prepared by: Ms. Mary Glyzelle R. Dela Cruz, LPT Faculty Member | ICT Department MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY | SY 2024-2025  1 Communication, Media, Information, and Technology Our 2 Introduc...

Lesson 1 Introduction to Media and Information Literacy Prepared by: Ms. Mary Glyzelle R. Dela Cruz, LPT Faculty Member | ICT Department MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY | SY 2024-2025  1 Communication, Media, Information, and Technology Our 2 Introduction to Media and Information Literacy Learning Objectives 3 Media Literacy, Information Literacy, Technology Literacy 4 Objectives of Media and Information Literacy  Let’s Get Started! A. Talk and Share: Digital Dilemmas Reflect on a time when you encountered a privacy or ethical issue related to your online activities (e.g., sharing personal information, encountering cyberbullies, or facing digital addictions) How did you handle the situation, and what did you learn from it?  Let’s Get Started! A. Short Quiz: Let’s check what you know so far! Read and answer the following questions about MIL-related concepts. Choose the letter of the correct answer.  Let’s Get Started! 1. What is media literacy? a) The ability to read and write proficiently b) The ability to critically analyze and evaluate media messages c) The ability to use social media platforms effectively d) The ability to create multimedia content  Let’s Get Started! 2. Why is media literacy important? a) To increase advertising revenue b) To develop critical thinking skills and discern fact from fiction c) To manipulate public opinion d) To increase followers on social media  Let’s Get Started! 3. What is information literacy? a) The ability to memorize vast amounts of information b) The ability to search for, evaluate, and use information effectively c) The ability to create information databases d) The ability to control access to information  Let’s Get Started! 4. How can information literacy benefit individuals in the real world? a) By spreading misinformation b) By making informed decisions c) By limiting access to information d) By increasing plagiarism  Let’s Get Started! 5. What is technology literacy? a) The ability to repair electronic devices b) The ability to understand and use technology effectively c) The ability to hack into computer systems d) The ability to develop software programs  Let’s Get Started! 6. Why is responsible use of media important? a) To increase online popularity b) To manipulate public opinion c) To avoid spreading misinformation and harmful content d) To increase advertising revenue  Let’s Get Started! 7. How can individuals ensure ethical use of information? a) By plagiarizing content b) By citing sources and giving credit to original authors c) By withholding information from the public d) By spreading false information intentionally  Let’s Get Started! 8. What are the implications of technology literacy in the workplace? a) Decreased productivity and efficiency b) Increased job opportunities and competitiveness c) Limited access to information d) Increased risk of cyberattacks  Let’s Get Started! 9. What is the potential consequence of not being media literate? a) Increased susceptibility to manipulation and misinformation b) Improved critical thinking skills c) Enhanced ability to discern fact from fiction d) Increased trust in all media sources  Let’s Get Started! 10. How can individuals contribute to a more media literate society? a) By blindly accepting information without questioning its validity b) By engaging in critical analysis of media messages c) By avoiding exposure to different viewpoints d) By sharing misinformation on social media  Let’s Get Started! 10. How can individuals contribute to a more media literate society? a) By blindly accepting information without questioning its validity b) By engaging in critical analysis of media messages c) By avoiding exposure to different viewpoints d) By sharing misinformation on social media  Answer Key: LGS 1. B 6. C 2. B 7. B 3. B 8. B 4. B 9. A 5. B 10. B Media and Information Literacy (MIL) is a crucial skill set for navigating the digital age. It’s all about knowing how to find, evaluate, and use information effectively. In today’s world, where we’re bombarded with news and messages from countless sources, MIL helps us separate fact from fiction and make informed decisions. It’s like having a superpower that allows us to communicate confidently and responsibly online, ensuring that our voices are heard amidst the digital noise. MIL empowers us to be critical thinkers, ethical communicators, and active participants in shaping and navigating the digital landscape more effectively.  COMMUNICATION Process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures (McCornack, 2014)  ENCODES DECODES Berlos’ one-way communication model Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication presents the communication process in its simplest form. The model consists of four component that are each influenced by different factors. To ensure the message is conveyed as effectively as possible, the sender and the receiver must share some common ground; shows a one-way process of communication.  Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication Shannon and Weaver model is one of the important models in the field of the communication. It is also called a “Mathematical Theory of Communication” or “mother of all models”. Shannon was an American Mathematician whereas Weaver was a Scientist. In engineering, this model is also called information theory and is used academically to calculate transmission through machines and also has a formula; Shows a two-way process of communication. What are the elements of communication? The Elements of Communication 1. Sender → the person who initiates the conversation and creates a message 2. Receiver → the recipient of the information 3. Message → the information created by the sender The Elements of Communication 4. Channel → the medium/carrier of the messages. This is the way the information is transferred to the receiver which could be face to face, written, or through electronic device 5. Feedback → the receiver’s response to the sender’s message. The Elements of Communication 6. Encoding → the sender’s process of converting ideas into understandable message 7. Decoding → the process where the receiver interpret the information into a meaningful message 8. Noise → interference or anything that blocks the communication process What are the functions of communication? The Functions of Communication 1. Control → to comply with or to control behavior 2. Motivation → to encourage and motivate people 3. Information → to disseminate information 4. Emotional expression → to express emotions and interact socially  An interaction in which words are VERBAL used to relay a message through speech or with the use of voice An interaction where a behavior is NONVERBAL used to convey and represent meanings Let’s unlock the meaning behind the following gestures:  What could it mean when you do this? Laughing during formal communication Scratching your head  What could it mean when you do this? Smiling when speaking to a friend Nodding when you agree with something  What could it mean when you do this? Standing straight blinking  What could it mean when you do this? Yawning when listening Maintaining eye contact when listening  What could it mean when you do this? Biting nails Looking away when someone is speaking to you  Remember!!! Our words and actions convey a message. They are forms of communication. What message am I sending the world today? How am I going to use my words and actions to convey this message? Let’s Work Together! Read the following advertising scenarios and media messages. Then, think whether you will give in to the idea, or buy the product / services being advertised. Lastly, justify why you made such decision. Share your answer with your group and agree on a decision. Write your responses on the given worksheet. Scenario 1: You come across an advertisement for a new energy drink claiming to boost focus and concentration during study sessions. The ad features energetic young people effortlessly acing exams after consuming the drink. Will you buy this product? Why or why not? Scenario 2: You see a media message from a flyer advertising a weight loss program that guarantees quick results without exercise and dieting. The flyer includes testimonials from a celebrity that you admire, claiming to have lost significant weight in just a few weeks. Will you buy this fitness program? Why or why not? Scenario 3: While browsing online, you encounter an advertisement for a skincare product claiming to erase acne scars and blemishes overnight. The ad includes before-and-after photos of people with flawless skin after using the product. Will you buy this product? Why or why not? Scenario 4: The media message: “Experience the ultimate relaxation with our luxury spa package. Indulge in pampering treatments designed to rejuvenate your mind, body, and soul. Escape the stresses of everyday life and immerse yourself in pure bliss. Book your spa day now!” Will you buy this package? Why or why not? Scenario 5: Juan Batungbakal will look out for the welfare of your family. Vote for him as a mayor and you will have a better future. Would you vote for him? Why or why not? Scenario 6: The Department of Energy imparts to Filipinos some energy-saving tips which includes: Bawasan ng 1 oras ang paggamit ng ilaw araw- araw. Bawasan ng 1 oras ang paggamit ng TV araw-araw. Bawasan ng 2 oras ang paggamit ng aircon araw-araw. Iwasan ang pagbukas – sara ng refrigerator kung hindi naman kailangan. Would you heed their advice? Why or why not? Class Discussion Questions: How do you verify the accuracy of information? What role does media play in disseminating information? Differentiate misinformation and disinformation. How does this change your perception about media messages? Key Take Away! What is the most important thing that you understand from our lesson today? BIG QUESTION: How are the concepts of media, information, and technology related to communication?  MEDIA Channels or ways we use to transmit or communicate messages; communication tools  INFORMATION organized, and processed data that can be communicated, understood, and used (UNESCO, 2011)  TECHNOLOGY a wide range of digital tools and platforms, including computers, smartphones, the internet, social media, and digital media production software (European Commission, 2016) Information What do we communicate? Media How do we communicate? Technology What can we use to communicate better?  BIG QUESTION: How do media, information, and technology affect communication? Technology helps facilitate effective communication but what are some barriers to technology access that affect the way we communicate? Digital Divide – not everyone has equal access to information because not everyone has the economic capacity to access technology. Vast information is available, but lack of technological devices limits our access to it. Fake news - the reliability of information affects our communication; Information Literate people can sift through the vast information they have.  CLARIFYING THE NUANCES BETWEEN MEDIA LITERACY, INFORMATION LITERACY, AND TECHNOLOGY LITERACY  LITERACY The ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate, and compute using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts  LITERACY Literacy involves a continuum of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge and potentials, and to participate fully in their community and wider society (UNESCO, 2004; 2017)  IMPORTANCE OF LITERACY Higher Good social Better Higher Better self- relations health wages jobs esteem hip  MEDIA LITERACY Ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and communicate information in a variety of forms, including print and non-print message; ability to synthesize and produce mediated messages  IMPORTANCE OF MEDIA LITERACY Understand Identify the type Make Become a Learn to Recognize Create the role of of smart think a point of media media in influence informed consumer critically view responsibly our decisions media can culture make  INFORMATION LITERACY Ability to recognize when information is needed and to know where locate it, evaluate, effectively use, and communicate information in its various formats Importance of Information Literacy Helps you distinguish reliable information Helps you organize and justify various forms of media Helps you develop research skills and inquiry skills TECHNOLOGY LITERACY Skills to responsibly use appropriate technology to access, synthesize, evaluate, communicate, and create information to solve problems and improve learning in all subject areas  Knowledge of technology is crucial in navigating the digital world. Importance of Technology Literacy Makes you work faster Conserves time and energy Solves problems in modern way of life MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY Combination of knowledge, attitudes, skills and practices required to access, analyze, evaluate, use, produce, and communicate information and knowledge in creative, legal, and ethical ways that respect human rights. (Moscow Declaration in Media and Information Literacy, 2012) MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY It is a set of competencies to search, critically evaluate, use, and contribute information and media content wisely; knowledge of one’s rights online; understanding how to combat online hate speech and cyberbullying; understanding of the ethical issues surrounding the access and use of information; and engage with media and ICTs to promote equality, free expression, intercultural/interreligious dialogue, peace, etc. (UNESCO, 2016)  Basic Literacy News Digital MIL is a huge Literacy Literacy umbrella term Literary Cultural Literacy Diversity that involves a MIL wide range of Media Literacy ICT Literacy other concepts Internet Informatio Security n Literacy What have you learned so far? 1. Why is information literacy important? 2. What is the role of media in disseminating information? 3. How powerful media and technology could be? 4. How can you become a better communicator? 5. Describe a person with high media and information literacy. OBJECTIVES OF MIL To Develop Critical Thinking and Evaluation ✓ Verifying the credibility and reliability of sources ✓ Cross-checking information ✓ Being aware of potential biases in media content ✓ Avoiding spreading misinformation or unsubstantiated rumors ✓ Using discernment when consuming media and question the motives behind sensationalized or clickbait content. Respect for Privacy and Digital Rights ✓ Obtain consent before sharing personal information ✓ Familiarize yourself with privacy settings on social media accounts ✓ Be cautious about sharing sensitive information online, such as financial details or personal addresses. ✓ Respect intellectual property rights ✓ Advocate for stronger privacy protections and digital rights legislation Advocacy for Transparency and Accountability ✓ Require media and technology companies to provide clear policies for transparent data collection and use ✓ Advocate for greater transparency in algorithms used by social media platforms and search engines ✓ Support initiatives that promote media diversity and representation ✓ Participate in public discourse and policy debates about digital ethics, privacy rights, and online safety ✓ Engage with online communities and advocacy groups that promote digital rights and ethical use of technology Promotion of Digital Literacy and Education ✓ Stay informed about online safety practices ✓ Educate yourself and others about the consequences of online actions ✓ Seek out resources and training opportunities to improve digital literacy skills ✓ Encourage critical thinking and responsible digital behavior ✓ Support initiatives that promote digital literacy and education  What Have You Learned? 1.You come across an article on social media claiming that a new miracle product can cure all illnesses without a scientific-based therapeutic claim. What critical skill does this scenario highlight? A. Media literacy – evaluating the credibility of the sources. B. Information literacy – discerning fact from opinion. C. Technology literacy – navigating social media platforms effectively. D. Ethical use of media – promoting responsible sharing of information.  What Have You Learned? 2. You need to research a topic for your school project. Which of the following actions demonstrates information literacy? A. Copying information directly from a website B. Using a variety of sources to gather information and cross-checking facts. C. Sharing unverified information with classmates. D. Ignoring conflicting viewpoints and sources.  What Have You Learned? 3. Your friend shares a meme that makes fun at the physical appearance of a certain indigenous group in the Philippines. What ethical consideration should you consider before reacting to or sharing the meme? A. The meme’s humor value. B. The potential harm or offense it may cause to others. C. The number of shares and likes it has already received. D. The friendship that you have with your classmates and other people who reacted on the meme.  What Have You Learned? 4. You received a message from an unknown sender with a link to download a file. What is the best course of action to ensure technology literacy and online safety? A. Ignore the message and delete it immediately. B. Click on the link to see what the file contains. C. Forward the message to all your contacts to warn them. D. Verify the sender’s identity and the authenticity of the link before taking any action.  What Have You Learned? 5. You’re tasked with creating a presentation for your MIL class using multimedia content. Which aspect of technology literacy is essential for this task? A. Understanding how to repair hardware of electronic devices. B. Knowing how to effectively use presentation software and multimedia tools. C. Hacking into the school computer system to collect more information. D. Developing software program that you can use and navigate effectively.  What Have You Learned? 6. You come across a news article with a sensational headline that seems too good to be true. What media literacy skill should you employ to assess its credibility? A. Analyzing the language and the tone of the article. B. Checking the author’s social media following. C. Assuming the headline is accurate due to its popularity. D. Sharing the article immediately to inform others.  What Have You Learned? 7. You’re writing a research paper and want to include information from various sources. How can you ensure responsible use of information? A. Copy and paste information directly from websites without citation. B. Paraphrase information without giving credits to the original source. C. Properly cite sources and give credit to the original source. D. Manipulate the data to support your argument without acknowledging the source.  What Have You Learned? 8. Your workplace introduces new software to streamline processes, but some employees are resistant to change. What implications does this situation have for technology literacy? A. Increased productivity and efficiency. B. Decreased job opportunities and competitiveness. C. The need for training and adaptation to new technology. D. Limited access to information and resources.  What Have You Learned? 9. You're browsing social media and notice a friend sharing a misleading infographic about a current political issue. How can you address this situation ethically? A. Ignore the post and continue scrolling. B. Politely comment with accurate information and credible sources. C. Share the infographic without verifying its accuracy. D. Unfriend or block the friend for sharing misinformation.  What Have You Learned? 10. Your school club organization is implementing a new policy regarding data privacy and security. What role does information literacy play in ensuring compliance with the policy? A. Ignoring the policy and continuing with previous practices. B. Understanding the policy requirements and following procedures for handling sensitive information. C. Bypassing security measures to access information more quickly. D. Sharing confidential information with unauthorized individuals.  Answer Key: WHYL 1. B 6. A 2. B 7. C 3. B 8. C 4. D 9. B 5. B 10. B Performance Task 1: Social Media Advocacy: One-minute Reel WT 2: Aha! & Huh? Thank you!