Socio-Political Development in Kazakhstan PDF

Socio-political development World kurultai of Kazakhs, which has been held every five years since 1992, has found a strong place in the social and cultural life of independent Kazakhstan. The V World kurultai of Kazakhs was convened on June 22-25, 2017 in Astana. It was attended by more than six hu...

Socio-political development World kurultai of Kazakhs, which has been held every five years since 1992, has found a strong place in the social and cultural life of independent Kazakhstan. The V World kurultai of Kazakhs was convened on June 22-25, 2017 in Astana. It was attended by more than six hundred representatives of the Kazakh diaspora and the National intelligentsia abroad. Within the framework of the kurultai, an international conference was held on the topic: \"Caliph Altai and the return of history\". In December 1992, the forum of the peoples of Kazakhstan was held. On March 24, 1995, A session of the assembly of people of Kazakhstan was held in Almaty. The task of the assembly was to unite all peoples living in Kazakhstan in a new model of political, economic and social life of the Republic. Population censuses, Kazakh people the population of Kazakhstan is the totality of all residents inhabiting the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. As of November 16, 2023, the population of Kazakhstan is 20,000,000. According to this indicator, Kazakhstan ranks sixty-second in the world. The 1999 census in Kazakhstan took place in February, exactly 10 years after the All-Union census of the USSR in 1989. The first census after independence was held from February 25 to March 4, 1999. At the end of 2000, the main results of the country\'s first census were published. According to the results of the 1999 census, the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan amounted to 14.9 million people, a decrease of 7.7% compared to the data of the All - Union census of 1989, in which 16.4 million people officially lived in the Republic. The 2009 census in Kazakhstan is the second after the acquisition of sovereignty, the census of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Held from 24 to 25 February 2009. Preliminary official results of the census were published on February 4, 2010 on the website of the state standard of Kazakhstan. According to the results of the 2009 census, the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan was 16 million people. in comparison with the 1999 census, the population increased by 6.8%. One of the unexpected results of the census was a sharp decrease in the share of the urban population from 56.3% to 52.0% and a corresponding increase in the share of the rural population. As of January 1, 2011, it was 16,441,959 people. At the beginning of 2010, the population was 16,204,617 people. Of these, 8.7 million. (57.3%) of the population of the city, 7.5 million people. the population (42.7%) is rural. The 2021 census in Kazakhstan is the third after the acquisition of sovereignty, the census of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Brief census results were published on September 1, 2022 on the website of the National Bureau of Statistics. According to the results of the 2021 census, the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan was 19.1 million people. the population was 3.17 million people compared to the 2009 census. increased per person (by 19.8%). According to the brief results of the 2021 census, published on September 1, 2022, the number of main ethnic groups: Kazakhs --- 13,497,891 people (70.4% of the population), Russians--- 2,981,946 (15.5%), Uzbeks --- 614,047 (3.2%), Ukrainians --- 387,327 (2.0%), Uighurs-290,337 (1.5%), Germans --- 226,092 (1.2)%, Tatars --- 218,653 (1.1%), other ethnic groups and non --- ethnic groups-969,722 (5.1 %) Formation of political parties In the last years of the Soviet Union, politics began to enter the life of society en masse, the politicization of public life took place at an incredibly fast pace. The repeal of Article 6 of the Constitution of the USSR in March 1990, which gave the Communists a monopoly of power, on the leading and guiding role of the CPSU, was the most important step towards a multi-party structure in domestic political life. In the same year, new parties began to be formed throughout the Soviet Union. For the first time in our country, the National Independence Party \"Alash\", the National Democratic Party \"Zheltoksan\" and the Social Democratic Party of Kazakhstan announced the start of their work. The law on public associations, adopted in June 1991, contributed to the development of multiparty, and the August \"rebellion\", which shocked Society, added additional momentum to this process. In September 1991, the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR (CPC) left the CPSU at its next Congress and was reorganized into the Socialist Party of Kazakhstan (CPC). The program of the new party was based on social democratic principles, and its co-chairmen were Yermukhambet Ertysbayev and Anatoly Antonov. The CPC, which received its possessions on the account of the successor of the Communist Party, retained its organizational structure in all districts and had its own mass media, became the most mass political organization in the country in the first years of independence, but ceased to exist in the mid-1990s. In those years, the Republican Party of Kazakhstan \"Azat\" also left political life, which in 1991 formed into a civil movement aimed at creating a Democratic National State of the same name. In October 1991, the Constituent Congress of the \"National Congress of Kazakhstan\'\' was held, which was a state of political, ideological and legal and social orientation. However, this party did not last long. N. Nazarbayev became the political leader of the party \"Union of people\'s unity of Kazakhstan\'\', which was formed in February 1993 and reorganized two years later into the party \"people\'s unity of Kazakhstan\", and S. Abdrakhmanov was elected the head of the political council. It should be noted that N. Nazarbayev came to power long before the creation of this party. In the same 1993, the Communists of Kazakhstan convened the XIX Congress of the CPC in order to restore the Communist Party of Kazakhstan. In February 1994, the recovered party was registered and began its activities, and in October B. Tolepbayev became the CCP Chief Secretary. The People\'s Cooperative Party of Kazakhstan (CPC, leader U. Sarsenov), founded in 1994, has chosen to protect the interests of rural residents and cooperatives as the main item of its program. The modernization party of Kazakhstan (A. Zhaganova), founded in January 1995, relied on a low-income and insufficiently protected group of residents. In July of the same year, the Democratic Party of Kazakhstan (co -- chairmen -- T. Gugeev and A. Gugeev) chose as its main task to support the policy pursued by the state. Sarsenbayev), and in September the Republican political Labor Party of Kazakhstan (U. Zholdasbekov) was established. As the successor of the socio - political Association\" union of Engineers of Kazakhstan\", he primarily represented the interests of the technical intelligentsia. Such was the political and party landscape of Kazakhstan in the mid-1990s. Although of a different nature, most of the new parties mainly expressed their commitment to the principles of democracy and supported the direction of strengthening independence. In March 2002, the Constituent Congress of the Social Democratic Party of Kazakhstan \"Auyl\" was held, the chairman of which was elected academician, Deputy G. Kaliyev. In July, the \"party of patriots of Kazakhstan\" was established, and a well-known politician, previously a presidential candidate, G. Kassymov, was appointed as the chairman. In November 2001, on the initiative of a group of officials of the public Association\" democratic choice of Kazakhstan\", with the support of entrepreneurs, the Constituent Congress was held. In March 2002, a group of members of the \"DDT\" broke up and formed the\" Ak Zhol \" party. In April 2003, the Asar party was formed, and Dariga Nazarbayeva, the daughter of then president N. Nazarbayev, was elected chairman. In July 2006, the next congress of this party decided to join the Otan Party. Also in April 2003, the Constituent Congress of the Rukhaniyat party was held, the chairman of which was A. Zhaganova. In February 2004, the founding congress of the people\'s party\" democratic choice of Kazakhstan \" was held. Due to a number of disagreements in the Communist Party of Kazakhstan, some of the funders decided to create a separate party organization. In April 2004, the Congress of the Communist people\'s party of Kazakhstan (CCP) was held, and V. Kosarev was elected first secretary. In April 2004, the founding congress of the Democratic Party of Kazakhstan was convened. Its leader was M. Narikbayev. In 2006, the name of the party changed to the Democratic Party \"Adilet\". In September 2006, the founding congress of the National Social Democratic Party was held. A big event on the party square of Kazakhstan took place on December 22, 2006. At The X Congress of the Otan Party, it was decided that it would unite with the Civil and Agrarian parties and would henceforth be called the people\'s Democratic Party\" Nur Otan\". From that moment on, real centrism was formed in the authorities. In December 2008, the Majilis amended the law \"on political parties\". According to the same changes, the required number of party supporters for registration was reduced from 50 thousand people to 40 thousand, and the regional limit -- from 700 to 600 people. The deadline for submitting documents for registration has been extended from two to four months. By the end of 2011, there were eight political parties operating in Kazakhstan (the total number of members is 1.3 million people): the people\'s Democratic Party \"Nur Otan\", the Social Democratic Party of Kazakhstan \"Auyl\", the party of patriots of Kazakhstan, the Democratic Party of Kazakhstan \"AK Zhol\", the Democratic Party \"Adilet\", the Communist people\'s party of Kazakhstan, the party \"Rukhaniyat\", the National Social Democratic Party \"Azat\". Ombudsman Institute in Kazakhstan \" the idea of organizing the Ombudsman Institute in Kazakhstan was first expressed at an international seminar held in Geneva in 1995 by the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights. At the same time, the Kazakh delegation noted that there is an opportunity to create an institution of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the country. Thus, in September 2002, the corresponding decree of the head of state \"on the establishment of the activities of the Commissioner for Human Rights\" was issued. The Ombudsman is the Commissioner for Human Rights. To date, the system of the Ombudsman Institute has been implemented in the portfolio companies\"Kazatomprom\", \"KazMunayGas\", \"Kazakhstan Temir Zholy\", \"Kazpost\" and others in the group of companies of JSC \"National Welfare Fund\" Samruk Kazyna\". The effectiveness of its activities is reflected in the favorable moral climate in the team. The Ombudsman works to avoid situations and situations that negatively affect the reputation of the institution. It represents the interests of the labor collective and the company as a whole. The main function of the Commissioner for Human Rights is to timely identify and analyze current issues on social and labor relations between the employee and the employer. Consulting and finding optimal ways to solve them, as well as monitoring compliance with the rights of employees. The main principles of the Ombudsman are to be impartial, fair, as well as to maintain confidentiality and be close to non -- officials. The Ombudsman should not speak in support of any of the parties to the dispute. He also does not make binding decisions, the conclusion of which is of a recommendatory nature. It also does not participate in formal investigations and trials. First of all, it should be guided by high moral principles. List of used literature: - Táýelsizdik dáýiri N.Nazarbaev - Qazaqstan tarıhy (oqýlyq) G.Q.Kádirqulova - \"Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy strategıalyq josparlaý jáne reformalar agenttigi ulttyq statısıka búrosy\"